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Gender and Energy for Sustainable Development in

Egypt

Master’s Thesis Presentation

Djalila Ben-Bouchta

M.Sc. Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency for the Middle East and North Africa Region

May 17th, 2019

Djalila Ben-Bouchta Gender and Energy for Sustainable Development in Egypt May 17th, 2019 01/27

M.Sc. REMENA

University of Kassel/Cairo University

Table of contents


Table of contents M.Sc. REMENA

Outline

1. Introduction 2. Methodological approach

3. Results 4. Conclusions/Recommendations



Outline

1. Introduction

1. Introduction


1. Introduction M.Sc. REMENA

*Sustainable Development Goals

United Nations 17 SDGs* [11]



Outline


2. Methodological approach


2. Methodological approach M.Sc. REMENA

Research question: How does a gender approach in Egypt’s electricity and RE* sector lead to environmental, economic and social sustainability?

Gender

Energy

Three pillars of sustainable development

(i)

(ii)

(iv)

(iii)

*renewable energy




Research question: How does a gender approach in Egypt’s electricity and RE sector lead to environmental, economic and social sustainability?

(i) A gender approach in Egypt’s electricity and RE sector

(ii) How is gender related to sustainable development?

(iii) How is energy related to sustainable development?

(iv) A gender-energy-sustainability nexus for Egypt




(i) A gender approach in Egypt’s electricity and RE sector





(i) A gender approach in Egypt’s electricity and RE sector [see 1]

Supply-side gender analysis Demand-side gender analysisWork environment Energy access

Institutional capacity Use of energy

Employment opportunities Newly introduced energy technologies

Representation on management level Affordability of energy services and sources

Human health and safety

Satisfaction of end-users

Knowledge of end-users and their access to information

Capacity to improve energy services and the access to them





(ii) How is gender related to sustainable development?





(iii) How is energy related to sustainable development?




(ii) How is gender related to sustainable development? / (iii) How is energy related to sustainable development?

Three interview questions per key

question

Supplementary question(s) for each interview question

Six key questions

Literature research for each key

question

Research questionRecommendations

for (ii) and (iii)





Recommendations from expert interviews and

literature

Sustainability objectives of Egypt’s SDS*

1st step 2nd step 3rd step

Aspects to address on energy supply-side or

demand-side

*Sustainable Development Strategy



Outline


3. Results

3. Results


3. Results M.Sc. REMENA

Established system for human resources management [see 12]

Work environment and institutional capacity

Gender on energy supply-side for sustainable development

Implement UNWEPs* [see 9]

*United Nations Women’s Empowerment Principles

3. Results



Increased share of higher education students [see 12]

Increased female labour force participation

Increased real GDP**Employment opportunities


Achieve gender equality

*science, technology, mathematics and engineering **gross domestic product

Raise share of women in STEM*-related educational fields [see 2,9]

Strengthen political commitment

Proactive commitment at senior management level [see 2, 3]

3. Results



Mitigation of air pollution resulting from industrial and technological

development [see 12]

Reduced GHG* emissions from the energy sector Representation on management level



*greenhouse gas

Raise awareness at senior management level [see 2]

Increase investments in environmental-friendly solutions

[see 7]

Provide mentoring programmes/capacity training for women

3. Results



Increased real GDPNewly introduced energy technologies

Gender on energy demand-side for sustainable development


Reduced GHG emissions from the energy sector [see 12]

Mainstream gender throughout energy project cycle [see 6]

Conduct gender audits and collect sex-disaggregated data for the

implementation of RETs [see 2, 8]

Integrate women along energy value chain [see 10]

3. Results



Affordability of energy services and sources Reduced poverty [see 12]


Develop energy subsidy policy for low-income households [see 4]

3. Results



Knowledge of end-users and their access to information Reduced illiteracy [see 12]


Gender mainstreaming of awareness-raising campaigns on EE [see 6]

3. Results



Capacity to improve energy services and the access to information

Increased female labour force participation [see 12]

Facilitation in providing necessary financing schemes


Conduct capacity training for women [see 5]

Support women to lead the delivery of energy solutions and to promote

EE and REs [see 4]

Develop financing schemes accessible for women [see 9]



Outline


3. Results 4. Conclusions/Recommendations

Profound gender audit in Egypt’s MERE* is required

The developed template with aspects to address on the energy supply-side and

demand-side can serve as an orientation model for further research in this domain

Egypt has a high potential to achieve certain sustainable development

objectives, mainly:

• Reduced GHG emissions from the energy sector

• Increased female labour force participation

• Achieve gender equality

4. Conclusions/Recommendations


4. Conclusions/Recommendations M.Sc. REMENA

Conclusions Recommendations

*Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy

[1] Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2012): Gender Tool Kit Energy: Going Beyond the Meter. Mandaluyong: ADB.

[2] Barua B.; Ferroukhi, R.; García-Baños, C.; Nagpal, D.; Renner, M. (2019): Renewable Energy: A Gender Perspective. Retrieved from IRENA Website: https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/Jan/Renewable-Energy-A-Gender-Perspective (last seen: 2019, March 07).

[3] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2018, November 25): Expert Interview 3. Personal interview. In-person meeting. Cairo.

[4] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2018, December 02): Expert Interview 11. Personal interview. In-person meeting. Cairo.

[5] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2018, December 10): Expert Interview 1. Personal interview. In-person meeting. Cairo.

[6] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2019, January 14): Expert Interview 2. Personal interview. In-person meeting. Cairo.

References


References M.Sc. REMENA



[9] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2019, January 22): Expert Interview 4. Personal interview. Phone call. Cairo.

[10] Ben-Bouchta, D. (2019, February 02): Expert Interview 6. Personal interview. In-person meeting. Cairo.

[11] International Monetary Fund (2019): Sustainable Development Goals. Link: https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/SDG (last visited: 2019, May 10).

[12] Ministry of Planning, Monitoring and Administrative Reform (MPMAR) (2016): Sustainable Development Strategy: Egypt’s Vision 2030. Cairo.

References


References M.Sc. REMENA


M.Sc. REMENA

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