OUR SOLAR

SYSTEMS MOONS

By Sam Ephron

The MoonThe Earth’s 1st and only Moon

TitanThe 15th Moon of Saturn

PhobosMars’s second moon

The Moons in this Project

Layers of the Earth’s Moon

Our Moon has Five Layers The Top Layer is the Crust The 2nd Layer is the Mantle The 3rd Layer is the Outer Core The 4th Layer is the Liquid Core The 5th Layer is the Solid inner Core

The Crust is the surface of the Moon

The Moon’s Crust

It consists of regolith and hardened lava Regolith consists of:

40% Oxygen 20% Silicon 12% Iron 8.5% Calcium 7.3% Aluminum 4.8% Magnesium 4.5% Titanium 0.33% Sodium 0.2% Chromium 0.16%Manganese 0.11% Potassium 540 ppm Sulfur 200 ppm Carbon 100 ppm Nitrogen 40 ppm Hydrogen 428ppm Helium 

The Mantle is the inside of the Moon that is not the CoreThe Mantle contains

○ Some olivine○ some orthopyroxene○ It is also richer in iron then earth

The Mantle

All parts of the Core consist of the same thing

The Outer Core is a state that is somewhat Fluid stateThe Outer Core consists of

○ Iron○ Some other metals

The Outer Core

The Middle Core is LiquidThe Middle Core consists of

○ Iron○ Some other metals

The Middle Core

The Inner Core is solidThe Inner Core is mainly solid because of

how cold the moon isThe Inner Core consists of

○ Iron○ Some other metals

Inner Core

The Moon is 238,900 miles from Earth The Moon’s day is 27.3 Earth days The temperature of the moon is between

-170 to 110 °C There are 1,500 Moonquakes every

year The Moon also drifts one centimeter

away from Earth every year

Other Facts

The MoonThe Earth’s 1st and only Moon

TitanThe 15th Moon of Saturn

PhobosMars’s second moon

Information about the Moons

The first layer of Titan is the Atmosphere The second layer of Titan is frozen liquid

Hydrogen The third layer is Liquid water The fourth layer is high-

pressure ice The fifth layer is the Silicate

Core

Layers of Titan

Titan’s Atmosphere is so thick that it prevented us from learning about Titan’s surface for a while

Something unknown is recycling methane in Titan’s Atmosphere

Titan’s Atmosphere

Titan’s second layer consists of liquid hydrogenThe temperature of Liquid Hydrogen is

between -200°C and -258°C

Titan’s second layer

Titan’s third layer is waterWater consists of

○ 66.6∞ Hydrogen○ 33.3∞ Oxygen

Titan’s Third Layer

The Fourth layer is high pressure iceHigh pressure ice is gas that is put under so

much pressure that it behaves like a solid○ It consists of

Methane

Titan’s Fourth Layer

Titan’s Core consists of SilicateSilicate consists of

○ 80% Oxygen○ 20% Silicon

Titan’s Core

It originally thought the biggest moon in the solar system

The surface pressure of Titan would feel like the bottom of a swimming pool

Titan is larger than Mercury Titan has many lakes and mountains like Earth Titan is 3,200 miles wide In 1655 Christiaan Huygens Discovered Titan Titans atmosphere is 124 miles deep Titan is the second biggest moon in our solar

system

Other Facts

The MoonThe Earth’s 1st and only Moon

TitanThe 15th Moon of Saturn

PhobosMars’s second moon

Information about the Moons

Phobos consists of a C-type rock similar to the blackish carbonaceous chondrite asteroids

What Phobos is made of

Phobos surface is basically dust because it has been hit by thousands of asteroids

One of the most prominent features is the 6 mile wide Stickney crater

Phobos Surface

It orbits Mars three times a day Phobos has no atmosphere Asaph Hall discovered Phobos on August

17th, 1877 Asaph named Phobos, Phobos for the son

of Ares, the Greek counterpart of the Roman god, Mars

Phobos means fear or panic Every one-hundred years Phobos drifts 1.8

miles closer to Mars

Other Facts

Green, Dan, and Simon Basher.Astronomy / Out of This World! New York: Kingfisher, 2009. Print.

Naik, Abhijit. "What Is the Moon Made of." Buzzle.com. Buzzle.com, 18 Feb. 2010. Web. 30 Apr. 2012.

<http://www.buzzle.com/articles/what-is-the-moon-made-of.html>.

Knight, J. D. "Titan, Moon of Saturn - The Solar System on Sea and Sky." Sea and Sky. Sea and Sky. Web. 30 Apr. 2012.

<http://www.seasky.org/solar-system/saturn-titan.html>. "The Physical Moon and Its History." Moon Origins, Facts and

Phenomena. Web. 27 Apr. 2012. <http://www.moonlightsys.com/themoon/facts.html>.

"Lunar Regolith." The Moon Miner. Web. 26 Apr. 2012. <http://www.moonminer.com/Lunar_regolith.html>.

bibliography

bibliography "Hydrogen : Hydrogen, Liquid And Solid." Organic and Inorganic

Chemistry. Quid United Ltd. Web. 27 Apr. 2012. <http://chemistry.proteincrystallography.org/article21.html>.

Hamilton, Calvin J. "Saturn's Moon Titan." Views of the Solar System. Calvin J. Hamilton. Web. 25 Apr. 2012. <http://www.solarviews.com/eng/titan.htm>.

"The Habitable Zone." PBS. PBS. Web. 26 Apr. 2012. <http://www.pbs.org/lifebeyondearth/alone/titan.html>.

"Solar System Exploration: Planets: Mars: Moons: Phobos: Overview." Solar System Exploration. NASA. Web. 24 Apr. 2012. <http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mar_ Phobos>.

bibliography Moon Layers cut away, http://

astrobob.areavoices.com/2012/01/01/lunar-anatomy-from-skin-to-guts/, April 23,2012

Titan Cut away, http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5IzhBFczuiI/TxSAuPx-YQI/AAAAAAAAQtY/4-8dDr0JD_g/s1600/titanocean.png, April 23, 2012

Moon surface, http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_YuR6V_Yr7Bk/TJR-pinSsFI/AAAAAAAAGGg/btpd-QqJYoc/s1600/moon.jpg, April 24, 2012

Silicate molecules, http://chemcases.com/silicon/images/f19_042.jpg, April 23, 2012