Materials & Technologies At Gilbert

Table of Contents

Review of technical drawings

Materials

Technologies & Equipment

Gilbert Quality Standards

Contact Information

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Review of technical drawings

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Drawings communicate both visually and textually the scope of work including dimensions, functionality, construction,and what materials and finishes are used. For Architectural Interiors, we use three types of drawings:

• Renderings – Usually isometric, but can sometimes show an exploded view

• Architectural drawings – Technical drawings of a building covering various construction phases of work by trades. (Architectural millwork among others)

• Production (shop) drawings – technical drawings derived from architectural drawings covering individual architectural mill-work items, communicating items and their parts as they are to be constructed.

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Organization of drawings:

Every architectural and production drawing has to be structured in following order:

1. Floor or room plan - Top view (bird’s eye view)2. Elevations – Side views (front, sides, back)3. Sections – Cut plane views (vertical, horizontal and longitudinal) 4. Details – View of smaller part of the construction at a larger scale, to show how the

component parts are constructed and fit together

Every architectural and production drawing must have textual sections:

1. Specification box – List of materials, hardware, notes, dated revisions, etc.2. Title box – Information of proprietor, contact, drawing’s numeration, title, floor, room, etc.

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Materials

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Every material has its own characteristics, appearance, advantages, disadvantages and specific cost

Graphic materials Papers, films, foils, foams, plastic, metals, wood.

Wallpapers - decorative prints on paper or woven fabric backer

• Residential grade wallpapers – Made of various materials, not covered by mandated tests for serviceability• Commercial grade wallpapers – differ by weight, backing composition and laminate/coating thickness.

All commercial wallpapers have a vinyl surface and they are tested as per Chemical Fabrics and Film Association.

Flooring Glass, Ceramic/ porcelain tiles, Linoleum, Concrete, Cork, Vinyl, Carpet, Natural stone, Wood and wood-related materials, Solid wood, Wood panels, Wood veneers / engineered wood, Floor-Laminates

Leather• Leather - material created by the tanning of animal rawhide and skin, often cattle hide. • Artificial leather (leatherette) – man-made fabric intended to substitute for leather in upholstery where a

leather maybe required but the material is either cost-prohibitive, or unusable for ethical or other reasons.

Fabrics Flexible woven material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibers

Stone

Natural stone materials – The most commonly used materials are:• Granite - Has a more fleck like/ granular appearance, very hard, heat and scratch resistant, very durable• Marble - Has veining, less hard than granite, less durable • Man-made stone materials – Made of natural hard minerals with resins, polymers, and pigments - very

hard and durable, non-porous and stain-and-crack resistant, available in wide range of colors and designs. Manufacturers: DuPont, ColorQuartz, Caesarstone, Silestone, Cambria

Plastics

Made of various polymers and resins. In our production we use two materials:

• PMMA - Poly methyl methacrylate, also known as Plexiglas or Acrylic, Acrylite • Solid surfaces – Made of acrylic or polyester resins and Aluminum hydroxide. • Most widely used Corian - Brand of DuPont

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Glass

Made mostly of silica (silicon dioxide) and other chemical compounds By clarity and appearance: • Clear regular glass – Has green edges• Clear low iron glass – Has light blue edges• Tinted glass• Textured glass• Etched glass

By mechanical properties• Non-tempered (When it breaks it will shatter in large pieces – safety issue)• Tempered (When it breaks it will shatter into small pellets) • Laminated (When it breaks, a foil in the center of the glass will prevent shattering)

Metals

Can be used as sheets, profiles and as plated deposits. Metals can be used for structural, functional (hardware), or for decorative purposes.

Aluminum – Widely used, easy to machine and weld, light-weight

Steel – Metal alloy made of iron and carbon, heavier than aluminum, hard, strong. Widely used in construction.

Stainless alloys made of iron, carbon, chromium and nickel are widely used in Architectural Interiors. They are very durable and can be finished to mirror polish• Hot-rolled steel• Cold-rolled steel• Brass – Made of cooper and zinc, has golden appearance • Bronze – Made of cooper and tin or other metals• Cooper – Used mostly as plating material, rarely in sheets or tubes• Nickel – Used mostly as plating material• Chrome – Used mostly as plating material

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Wood Materials

Solid wood: Made from lumber in sawmills as boards differing in thickness and size. Solid wood can be recognized by the continuation of the annual rings on the short edges. In North America solid wood is measured in Board Feet (1 BF = 12” x 12” x 1”). Other regions measure in cubic feet.

Wood can be classified into three categories:

• North American Softwoods (pine, fir, spruce, cedar and cypress, etc.) • North American Hardwoods (poplar, birch, maple, white oak, red oak, walnut, cherry, ash, beech, alder, etc.) • Imported species (mahogany, anigre, makore, sapele, teak, wenge, zebrawood, pear-wood, etc.)

Wood panels: Have better dimensional stability than solid wood and is widely used in case-work:

• Veneer core panels (plywood) is made of veneer sheets• Fiber core panels (MDF or medium density fiberboards)• Flake core panels (flake-boards or particle-boards) Please note: this material is not offered to GD clients

Wood Veneers: Thin sheets of sliced or peeled wood, produced from lumber. This material can be produced by different cuts (rotary cut, plain or flat cut, quarter cut and rift cut) and custom laid-up with various sequence matching (book match, slip match, end or butt match...)• Raw veneer• Paper backed veneer• Phenolic backed veneer• Reconstituted veneer • Laid up veneer (Book match, slip match, random match, end match, continuous sequenced match, panel

end match, individual panels matches and special matches.

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Fiber Core PanelsA piece of solid wood base annual rings at the edge continue in

texture grains on the face

Lumber cut into boards Veneer Core Panels

Flake Core Panels Wood Veneers

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Laminates

• Plastic laminates – Applied with adhesives on panels by hot or cold presses or by hand-held rollers and contact cement

• Metal laminates – Applied the same as plastic laminates• Melamine foils – applied in the mills by thermo fusing • PVC foils – applied by thermo fusing • VC edge-band tapes – applied by edgebander machines with hot-melting adhesives

Hardware

• Structural hardware – Various fasteners and other metal or plastic parts, usually not exposed• Decorative hardware – Door pulls, knobs, hooks, grommets, etc.• Functional hardware – Hinges, drawer slides, opening systems, standards, brackets, various kitchen, closet,

bathroom, storage hardware, etc.

Adhesives

• Carpenters glue – Used in wood to wood joining applications• Contact cement – Used in laminate to wood panel applications• Veneer glue – Used in wood-veneer lamination onto wood panel applications• Epoxy glue – Used in applications on various materials

Coating Material

Can come in either liquid or powder forms.

Transparent coatings – Can greatly enhance the decorative properties and appearance• Stains• Sealers• Clear lacquers• Toned lacquers

Non-transparent coatings• Prime coating• Color lacquer

Electric & light fixture material

• LED light fixtures• Fluorescent light fixtures• Incandescent (halogen) light fixtures• Electric supplies – cables, drivers, switches, etc.

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AV equipment

• Wall mount hardware• Video display monitors• Electric/data supply cables• AV content storage – drivers and players

Packing materials(Shipping cases,

pallets and dollies)

• Wood panels• Solid wood• Cushioning materials (carpet, foam wrap, bubble wrap, stretch wrap…• Steel tubes and casters for dollies

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Technologies & Equipment

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Panel Cutting, Machining and Edging:

CNC machining centers perform multiple machining operations:

• Cutting• Routing• Drilling• Grooving• Notching• Trimming

All operations are programed and automatic.

Edgebander:Applies edge-tapes on exposed raw edges of panels

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Solid wood machining work consists of dressing, cutting and sanding solid wood pieces to given sizes and thickness.Solid Wood Machines:

Wide belt senders - smooth wood-surfaces (solid wood, panels and veneers) by abrasion with sandpaper belts

Sliding table saw:Cuts solid wood and panels with circular saw.

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Automated Panel Saw:

Solid Wood Machines Continued:

Jointer: cuts solid wood boards producing flat surfaces and edges along the board’s length. One surface should be straightened before the work piece is placed in the planer

Planer: trims and planes boards to a consistent thickness throughout their length and flattens on both surfaces

Miter (chop) saw: makes accurate crosscuts and by adjusting the blade horizontally, it can cut miters. By adjusting vertically, it can cut compound miters of solid wood or thin strips of panels

Hinge-machine: Machines and installs concealed hinges onto cabinet doors.

Drill Press: the machine drills or bores holes

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Assembly area for Architectural Interiors – hand held tools

Finishing Area:

Finishing enhances unique patterns of the grain, reveals rich color. Wood finishing work consists of two parts: the preparation and the finishing. The preparation is done by sanding and filling the wood with filler. Coating is then done by applying various coats of stain, primer, or lacquer.

Orbital sander - Smooths wood-surfaces (solid wood, panels and veneers) and metal surfaces with sandpaper discs

Spray guns – Applies coating materials (lacquer, stain, paint) in the form of very tiny droplets by passing a stream of compressed air and finish through a nozzle.

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Production, staging and assembly area for trade show exhibits (assembly of wall panels and other exhibit elements)

Production of wall-panels and various exhibit elements is done with hand held tools (drivers, drills, staple guns, routers, belt-sanders, and laminate rollers).

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Metal Shop Area: Hydraulic guillotine – Sheers sheets of various metals

Hydraulic CNC press brake – Bends metal sheets and plates. It forms predetermined bends by clamping the work-piece between a matching punch and die.

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Sliding Table Saw: Cuts aluminum plates

Plate Roller: Rolls different kind of metal sheet into a round or conical shape

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Vertical Mill: Machines metal work-pieces using rotary cutting tools to remove materials

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Miter (Chop) Saw:Makes accurate crosscuts and miters of metal profiles or thin strips

Welding Machines: Permanently joins metals by melting the work-pieces and adding a filler material to form a pool of molten material that cools to become a strong joint

Plasma Cutter: The machine uses gases that turn in to extremely high temperature plasma jet. This machine is used to cut metal sheets and profiles

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Bend Saw: Cross cuts long metal profiles and tubes

Buffing Motors: Smooths metal surfaces by applying polishing paste to the buffing-wheels.

Metal Lathe: Machines parts by removing the material from a rotating work-piece by (typically linear) movements of various cutting tools, such as drill bits.

Disc Sander: Used mostly for sanding, but can also be used for shaping.

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Laser Cutter: Cuts metals (except brass), plastics, and etches glass. The light source of the machine provides highly concentrated, same wave-length light, which is shaped through the optical lenses in to a laser light beam.

Shipping Cases production Area: Machines in this area are set as a shop within the shop specializing in making wooden shipping cases.

Vertical Band Saw: This machine uses a blade made of a continuous band of metal with teeth on one edge. It is particularly useful for cutting irregular or curved shapes.

Radial Arm Saw : This machine is a circular saw mounted on a horizontal sliding arm. It is used to make length-wise cuts.

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Gilbert Quality Standards

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Quality standards:In our work we use premium quality architectural woodwork standards, providing the highest level of quality in materials, workmanship, or installation, as per Architectural Woodwork Institute guidelines.

The Architectural Woodwork Institute (AWI), a not-for-profit trade association of architectural woodwork manufacturers, industry suppliers, and design professionals, which was established in 1953 as an expansion of the Millwork Cost Bureau. The goals of the AWI are:

• Improving architectural woodwork standards• Providing technical education for members and the design community• Researching innovative materials and methods of engineering, fabrication, finishing, and installation.

These standards are widely used in the industry as referrals by all parties including architects, designers, manufacturers, contractors and end-users.

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Sustainable practices:Gilbert takes sustainable practices very seriously. We work in accordance with the highest environments and sustainability standards through a variety of ways:

• Gilbert utilizes the latest state of art technologies in production allowing us to reduce material waste.

• Gilbert is open to bid and to take part in LEED projects using Forest Stewardship Council certified wood materials.

LEED:LEED is an internationally recognized green building certification system, providing third-party verification that a building or community was designed and built using strategies aimed at improving performance across all the metrics that matter most: energy savings, water efficiency, CO2 emissions reduction, improved indoor environmental quality, and stewardship of resources and sensitivity to their impacts.

Forest Stewardship Council (FSC): The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) is an international not for-profit organization, promoting responsible management of the world’s forests.

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Contacts: Jacqueline Wroblewski Account Manager 631.577.1100 ext.174 jwroblewski@gilbertdisplays.com

Barry Ballen President & CEO 631.577.1100 bballen@gilbertdisplays.com

Address: Gilbert 110 Spagnoli Road Melville, NY 11747 gilbertdisplays.com

Contact Information

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