PhD

My PhD will look at the design of medical products, specifically how users could be involved in their design.

Some elite design consultancies understand and practice tight user involvement- but are there more emancipatory methods? What emerging practices (or ideas) cannot be ignored?

PhD

• This PhD is a work in progress• Appreciative of feedback!

design in health

• Design an unknown quantity…• ‘Spray-on aesthetics?’– Crampton-Smith, 1996

• …or simply AWOL?– Pullin, 2009

Van der Puup, fictional ‘elite designer’ for Ikea advertising campaigncreated by UK consultancy Karmarama

Pervasive idea of a designer?

participatory design

• What methodology?– User consultation– Co design– Open design

• Moral and pragmatic- those affected by something are entitled to have a say; also, directly involving users the chances of success are improved– Carroll and Rosson (2007)

user consultation

• Shah et al (2009) talk about involving users– Traditional ‘focus group’– Semi-structured interviews

• ‘How it was done 20 years ago’– Alun Wilcox, PDD

• Parallel prototyping, rather than serial prototyping..?– Dow, 2011

co design

• Design with people, rather than for people• Challenges the ‘sole practitioner’ role of a

designer– Noble & Robinson, 2000

“Design is a personal activity and springs from the creative impulse of an individual. Group design or design by committee, although occasionally useful, deprives the designer of the distinct pleasure of personal accomplishment and self-realisation. It may even hinder his or her thought processes, because work is not practiced under natural, tension-free conditions…” Rand, 1993

open design

Open design is:

“The internet-enabled collaborative creation of artifacts by a dispersed group of otherwise unrelated individuals.”

Atkinson 2011

previously

now

social

created & shared

created using phone, camera etc

uploaded, shared, curated, reblogged…

3g, WiFi,ADSL

open design – in practice

mass production

open design

designer factory standardised products

maker / co designer

consumer / co designer

interactive digital design process personalised products

3D Printer

adapted from Orchestral Manoeuvres In Design, Atkinson, 2011

examplesOpen design business

open design

• Presents interesting challenges• Product design ‘no longer safe’– Rise of 3D printing

• Intellectual Property– Fundamental changes required…• KTN Open Source Report 2011

• Community– Vital– Who? Where? Do they want to participate?

methodology…

• Practice-based– Knowledge through action

• Case study basis– First, diabetes

Serious Play™“A major challenge in user-centred design is to organise and facilitate

user workshops that are engaging and productive for all participants – and to make them work in industrial practice” Petersen & Burr, 2000

Creative reflection – Shared design language – Tells a personal story

structure

• PhD funded by:• User-centred Healthcare Design– Via CLAHRC SY

• Gives access to wide range of practitioners, patients and resources in the NHS & Industry

conclusion

• Is there a role for open design in medical product design?

• Are there any barriers to open design in the medical product design business?

• How can open design be held in tension with regulatory requirements, and safety checks?

references1. Crampton-Smith, G. (1996). The Role Of The Artist-Designer. In: Terry Winograd, Bringing Design To

Software. Boston, Addison Wesley, 45.

2. Pullin, G. (2009). Design Meets Disability. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.

3. Carroll, J. M., & Rosson, M. B. (2007). Participatory design in community informatics. Design Studies, 28(3), 243-261. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V2K-4NBRYGX-1/2/2cf92ed64e1bf24e18df6ce95f687129. Last accessed 12/07/2011

4. Developing medical device technologies from users' perspectives: a theoretical framework for involving users in the development process. International journal of technology assessment in health care. 2009;25(4):514-21. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19845981 Last accessed 10/06/2011.

5. Wilcox, A (2010). Medical Product Design: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. [online]. Last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://www.emdt.co.uk/article/medical-product-design-yesterday-today-and-tomorrow

6. Dow, Stephen, (2011). How prototyping practices affect design results [online]. interactions, 18, (3), 54–59. Article from ACM last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1962451

7. Noble, A & Robinson, C (2000). For The Love Of The People: Participatory Design In A Community Context. In: Stephen A. R. Scrivener (et al), Collaborative Design. London, Springer-Verlag, 81.

8. Atkinson, P (2011). Orchestral Manoeuvres In Design. In: Van Abel, B (et al), Open Design Now Amsterdam, BIS Publishers.

9. OpenIDEO. (2011). [online]. Last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://www.openideo.com/

10. Local Motors. (2011). [online]. Last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://www.local-motors.com/

11. Knowledge Transfer Network (2011) Beacon 10 IP & Open Source Final Report. Swansea, The Creative Industries Knowledge Transfer Network.

12. Diabetes Mine. (2011). [online]. Last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://www.diabetesmine.com/

13. Lego Serious Play (2010) LSP Open Source. Denmark, Lego Serious Play. [online]. Last accessed 12/07/2011 at http://www.seriousplay.com/19483/HOW%20TO%20GET%20I

14. Pedersen, J & Buur, J (2000). Gamesand Movies: Towards Innovative Co-design with Users. In: Stephen A. R. Scrivener (et al), Collaborative Design. London, Springer-Verlag, 93.