ÁNGEL AYUSO-MORALES MOYA5º PRIMARIA

MAESTRO JUAN DE ÁVILANATURAL SCIENCE UNIT 7

MATTER AND FORCES

ATOMS-> Matter is made out of tiny particles called atomsMOLECULES-> Some atoms join together to make groups know as molecules.

MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES

COLORSODOURTASTEVOLUME: Describes how much space matter

occupies. We measure volume in milliliters (ml) 1000 milliliters = 1 litreMASS: Is the amount of matter in an object. We

measure mass in grams (g) 1000 grams = 1 kilogram

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY-> Is the ability of certain substances to conduct o transfer heat. Metals, such as iron or copper, are good heat conductors, while materials such as wool, wood, paper, plastic or glass are good heat insulators.

DENSITY-> Is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density in kilograms per litre (kg/l)

Density = mass/volume

HARDNESS-> Is the scratch-resistance of a solid. Diamonds are the hardest natural solids.

SOLUBILITY-> Is the ability of a substance to dissolve in other substance and form a solution. Sugar dissolves well in water, whereas oil does not.

PURE SUBSTANCES-> Consist of only one type of matter. Such as table salt or silver

WHAT TYPES OF MATTER ARE THERE?

MIXTURES (made up two or more pure substances)

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE:

(You can see the individual substances. Such as sand or

a salad).

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

(You cannot see the individual substances. Such as the air we breathe or sea

water).

FILTRATION-> Using a filter. When we pour the juice of a lemon through a filter, the solids stay in the filter, and the liquid passes through it.

SUSBTANCES IN A MIXTURE CAN BE SEPATED USING DIFFERENT METHODS

EVAPORATION-> Heating. When we heat a mixture of salt and water, the liquid evaporates and leaves only the solids which crystallise and form salt crystals.

SIEVING-> Using sieve. We use sieve to separate solids of different sizes, such as pebbles from sand.

FORCE-> Is a push or pull that acts on an object.

Can make things: *move *stop *speed up *slow down *change direction

MATTER AND ITS PROPERTIES

TYPES OF FORCES

NON-CONTACT FORCES

(act through physical contact)

CONTACT FORCES

(They act through physical contact)

CONTACT FORCES (They act through physical contact)

-FRICTION-> Force when two objects rub against each other. Its acts in the opposite direction of the movement. E.g. Air (parachute)

Water (kayak or boat)

- BUOYANCY-> is the ability of objects to float. It is upward force acting in the opposite direction to gravity.

NON-CONTACT FORCES (act through physical contact)

-MAGNETISM: Is a force of attraction or repulsion (magnets attract metal and make compasses work)

- GRAVITY: Is a force which attracts all objects towards each other. Planets have a stronger gravitational force. Astronauts float because in space there is no gravity.

STATES OF MATTERSTATES OF MATTER