Mauritania: Stakeholder Analysis and Coalition-Building for Good Governance

Asli Gurkan

Social Development Unit

World Bank

April 2,2009

Overview- World Bank context

Part of a broader Bank’s GAC agenda: Improving demand-side governance Strengthening oversight mechanisms Fostering country-ownership of GAC reforms Shifting emphasis from passing legislation to a

greater agenda of political accountability;

Governance- a pillar of Mauritania CAS and PRSP-2

Multiple Bank activities on governance

Overview- Country Context

National Anti-Corruption Strategy

Final version of the strategy - June 08

Submission of the draft and consultations with the parliament -1Q08 – latest April 08

Submitted for approval to parliament – October 08

Final draft – Nov 07

Overview-Reform environment

Transition authorities (Aug 2005-March 2007)

prepared a draft National Anti-Corruption Strategy (NACS)ratified UN and African Union’s anti-corruption conventionsjoined the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)issued a public sector ethics codeadopted a decree for declaration of assets for high-level civil servants

Civilian government (elected in Spring 2007)

established an Anti-Corruption commission in December 2007announced a national day for fight against corruptionis working closely with donors to finalize the NACS

Project Objectives

Improve understanding of the stakeholder landscape that could potentially impact the effectiveness of the anti-corruption reforms;

Strengthen the capacity of pro-governance champions within and outside the government in these areas.

Project Components

Stakeholder Analysis Parliament note Political-economy report Stakeholder maps

Coalitions Building Capacity and coalition support for civil society Capacity and coalition support for checks-and

balances institutions (parliament and control agencies)

Parliament Note-Findings

Continuous presence of the old guard, controlling (57%) of the seats

Imbalance between the Executive and the Legislative branches.

Anticorruption related reforms are eminently political undertakings. Need strong backing of head of state.

Political-economy report-Findings

Sectors: Transport:, Reforms foreseen in the Road Code is far from being

implemented. (thriving market of fake papers at low prices)

Banking: Capture of the banking system by elite families, access to credit extremely limited for the poor

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Overall assessment: macroeconomic indicators do not seem to trickle down to the majority of

the population and the quality and access to service delivery poor

Anti-corruption reforms are old news, have not produced substantial results, credibility is a serious challenge.

Accountability is limited by social networks, Old guards in new seats

demand-side actors will be critical for the overseeing and monitoring of reforms:

Recommendations

Build capacity of checks and- balances institutions to the executive

Strengthen relations between Parliament and control institutions (eg. Finance Committees and Cours des Comptes).

the obligation for these institutions to present their annual reports before the appropriate committees of Parliament

obligation for executive to obtain the support of the Parliament for the appointment (and dismall) of the chairs of IGF and IGÉ.

Create a broad civil society coalition to act as an informal watchdog to monitor implementation of anti-corruption strategy

Stakeholder mapping

MilitaryPresident

Prime MinisterIGE, IGF, Court des Comptes,

MfPMA, MEF

Senate, Supreme Court, National Assembly

Political partiesParliamentary Finance

Committees,AC committees

Mayors, ICC, PWYP,Unions, Employers assoc,

women’s groups

WB, EU, UNDP, GTZ, French cooperation,

Executive/Military

Parliament/Judiciary

NGOs/PS

Official, independent press

Donors Media

SPEED OF IMPLEMENTATION

Stakeholder Position Power Importance Effective Power

Le militaire 3.33 7.80 3.73 6.58

President 5.43 7.93 6.79 7.59

Premier ministre 5.47 5.86 5.27 5.68

IGE ( Inspection Générale d’État) 5.21 5.36 7.07 5.87

IGF (Inspection Générale des Finance) 3.43 3.07 5.00 3.65

Ministère de la Fonction Publique et la Modernisation de l’Administration, (MFPMA) 4.07 3.87 4.40 4.03

Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances (MEF) 3.50 5.93 4.50 5.50

Le Senat 4.47 4.93 4.47 4.79

Court Supreme 4.50 4.79 5.00 4.85

l’Assemblée Nationale 4.40 6.20 5.73 6.06

Stakeholder Position: Policy options

1. Adopt strategy

2. Support or Fund Civil society-led information campaign on Anti-Corruption; establish a public complaints system on corruption,

3. Conduct annual evaluation of the implementation of the Strategy by Executive, Parliament, & Civil Society

4. Publish and effectively disseminate annual reports of Cour des Comptes and IGE (findings and sanctions)

5. Publish Annual Reports by IGF (findings and sanctions)

6. Make illegal for high level officials to interfere with IGE and IGF findings/decisions.

7. Ensure Wealth/tax declarations of politicians and high officials (Cabinet and Director-level staff) are filed (published?)

8. Create independent, special courts on corruption offences

9. Publish details of sanctioned individuals (names, corrupt action, and action taken)

10. Prosecute 100% of sanctioned cases (from IGF/IGE reports) and seek recovery of misallocated funds from 100% of sanctioned officials;

NACS Reform

Le militaire

President

Premier ministre

IGE ( Inspection Générale d’État)

IGF (Inspection Générale des Finance)

Ministère de la Fonction Publique et la Modernisation de l’Administration, (MFPMA)

Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances (MEF)

Le Senat

Court Supreme

l’Assemblée Nationale

PRDR

RFD

Committee des Finances de la Assemble Nationale

Committee des Finances du Senat

Le Groupe Parlementaire de Lutte Contre la Corruption

Parlementaires Contre La Corruption

Association des Maires

Initiative Citoyenne pour le Changement (ICC)

Publiez Ce Que Vous Payez (PCQVP)

Syndicat (CLTM, UTM, CGTM)

Chambre des Commerce

Patronat

Association Feminine

Association des Oulemas

UE

PNUD

GTZ

Francais (SCAC/AFD)

Banque Mondiale

Presse Independante

Presse Officielle

2.50

3.50

4.50

5.50

6.50

7.50

8.50

2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50

Position

Imp

ort

an

ce Militaire et Executive Bailleurs de Fond

Parliament et Acteurs Judicielle Media

Societe Civile

NACS Reform

Le militaire

President

Premier ministre

IGE ( Inspection Générale d’État)

IGF (Inspection Générale des Finance)

Ministère de la Fonction Publique et la Modernisation de l’Administration, (MFPMA)

Ministère de l’Economie et des Finances (MEF)

Le Senat

Court Supreme

l’Assemblée Nationale

PRDR

RDU

RFD

Committee des Finances de la Assemble Nationale

Committee des Finances du Senat

Le Groupe Parlementaire de Lutte Contre la Corruption

Parlementaires Contre La Corruption

Association des Maires

Initiative Citoyenne pour le Changement (ICC)

Publiez Ce Que Vous Payez (PCQVP)

Syndicat (CLTM, UTM, CGTM)

Chambre des Commerce

Patronat

Association Feminine

Association des Oulemas

UE

PNUD

GTZ

Francais (SCAC/AFD)

Banque Mondiale

Presse Independante

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

1.50 2.50 3.50 4.50 5.50 6.50 7.50

Position

Eff

ecti

ve P

ow

er

Militaire et Executive Bailleurs de Fond

Parliament et Acteur Judicielle Media

Societé civile

Coalition building

Activity Audience Agenda Outcome

2-day workshop

(May 08)

selected participants- from NGOs, media, and associations,

Stakeholder analysis - Presentation on conflict-management methods

Identification and prioritization of coalition training needs for June

- Agreement on forming a coalition, group work plan

Half-day meeting

(May 08)

Parliament, control agencies, donors

Sharing of information on coalition-building efforts and workshop activities- Sharing of Jordanian case-study

- Increased level of awareness on CS role,

Assessment of Parliament’s capacity building needs

3- day Workshop for civil society anti-corruption coalition (June’08)

selected participants- from NGOs, media, and associations,

Parliament-civil society interaction - Presentation on best practices- Strategic planning sessions, small group work to come with an action plan -

- Draft action plan

- Preliminary Agreement on structure

- Agreement to continue weekly meetings.

Half-day meeting (June’08)

Parliament, control agencies, donors

Corruption, presentation, Sharing of the June workshop results, discussion on capacity-building needs

- Increasing level of dialogue on the process of coalition-building

-Planning of next set of activities

DOMAINES DE LA MISSIONI. Prévention, sensibilisation, développement de l’éthique

II. Combat contre l’impunité

III. Libre accès a l’information IV. Conseille & Assistance

PRIORITISATION DES DOMAINES DE LA MISSION

I. Prévention, sensibilisation, développement de l’éthique

II. Combat contre les impunités III. Libre accès a l’information

AXES STRATEGIQUES POUR CHAQUE DOMAINE DE LA MISSION

I.1 Sensibiliser l’opinion publique sue les dangers et les conséquences de la corruption en MauritanieI.2 Renforcer la redevabilité de décideurs politiquesI.3 Contrôle citoyen de l’action publique

II.1 Application et reforme de la loiII.2 Sensibiliser l’opinion publique sur les impunités, à travers éducation et formationII.3 Recherché, études et information sur les conséquences des impunités sur les victimes et acteurs de la corruption

III.1 Publication et large diffusion des informations relatives à la gestion des biens publics et a leurs contrôleIII.2 Lutte contre la falsification des données et informations III.3 Publication des comptes et des états financiers des entreprises formelles dans le secteur privé qui travaillent avec l’état et sanction des corrupteurs

OBJECTIF I.1.1 Renforcer les capacités de membres de la Coalition en prévention, sensibilisation et développement de l’éthique en 6 mois.

Action/ Taches Resp.Encadrement en

tempsIndicateur de

succès

I.1.1.1 Répertorier les domaines d’intervention de chaque organisation membre

Bellil 1 mois Répertoire complet et disponible

I.1.1.2 Identification de besoins de formation de membres

Khira 1 mois Liste de besoins de formation

I.1.1.3 Identifier les opportunités de formation et intervention en organisation membres.

Ba Ibrahim

1 mois (actualisation chaque mois)

Liste d’opportunités

I.1.1.4 Identifier les perçons ressources dans leur spécialité, comme formateurs, a l’intérieur de la Coalition

Khira 1 mois Liste de perçons ressources comme formateurs

I.1.1.5 Elaboration d’un plan de développement institutionnel de la Coalition

Cheiggeur

A décider Plan de développement institutionnel adopte

I.1.1.6 Organiser un atelier de restitution et validation des résultats proposés

A décider

A décider Atelier de validation organise

Evaluation

Successes

Going beyond usual suspects in civil society

Incremental approach to coalition-building

Facilitated workshop process/ Action-plan

Challenges

Coup d’etat

Linking GAC efforts

Government reaction for stakeholder analysis results

Dynamics within civil society members

Lessons learned

Analytics is critical to understand the in-country dynamics/ potential challenges

Reforms are not technical, depoliticized tools. Only political solutions can match political problems.

Government buy-in

Thinking outside the box in targeting civil society

Timing is key

Thank you