max heirich ph.d. patricia a. herlihy ph.d, r.n. roland zullo ph.d. changes over the years in eap,...
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Max Heirich Ph.D.Patricia A. Herlihy Ph.D, R.N.
Roland Zullo Ph.D.
Changes Over the Years in EAP, Work/Life, and Wellness Services
EAPA’s Annual World ConferenceNashville, Tennessee
October 7, 2006
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Thank You To Our Sponsors
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Where We have Been?
• National Survey of EAP & W/F Programs (1994)
• International Survey of EAP & Work/Life Professionals (2000)
• International Survey of EAP, W/L and Wellness Vendors (2002)
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Where We are Going?
1) Replication of 1994 Study ● Qualitative based inquiry via phone interviews of
100 EAP, Work/Life & Wellness Professionals in Family Friendly Workplaces
2) Application for Grant Monies for Cost Benefit● Analysis of Different Models of Service Delivery: specific questions at the end of this presentation
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Current Factors influencing the Development and Continuance of EAP, W/L & Wellness
The Ever Changing Business Environment
• Mergers
• Acquisitions
• Globalization
• Increase in Skill Level
• Retention of Talented Employees
• Growth of Company
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Societal Factors affecting the development or continuance of EAP, W/L and Wellness
• Changes within the business industry
• Changes in demographics of available employee population (the aging boomers)
• Crises
– World Trade Center 9/11
– Tsunami 2004
– Hurricane Katrina 2005
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Internal Organizational Factors Influencing Development of EAP, W/L & Wellness Programs
• Leadership Turnover - CEO or VP level changes• Managerial philosophy of current leadership• Corporate culture
– “Military command structure” vs “team approach”– “Bottom line” vs “employee focus” for decisions
• Influence of unions and other stakeholders• Involvement of staff in professional associations
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Current Trends in EAP Focus
• Crisis help for large numbers of employees• Work related psychological stress and mental
health problems• Family related psychological stress and mental
health problems• Substance abuse issues• Management Consultation
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Models of Service Delivery
• Internal vs External Delivery of Services
• Integrated vs Stand Alone
• Pro-active outreach vs Employee initiated
• Personalized vs Generalized Services
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Current Major driver for development of EAP, Work/Life, and Wellness:
Spiraling Health Care Costs
• Wellness
– a potential key cost-container that can reinforce what other programs are currently doing
– but, no common understanding of “Wellness” as yet among corporations or professionals
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Current Outsourcing Trends
• Many companies try more than one vendor before they find a satisfactory “fit”
• It is difficult to integrate services unless a single vendor used
• Internationalization of a company brings new challenges
• Demand for culturally-specific (differentiated) programs increasing
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Definitions• Employee Assistance Program
– Work-site based program designed to assist in the identification and resolution of productivity problems
• Work/Life Program– Organizational change strategies that involve a mix of policies,
programs and practices aimed at facilitating integration of work, family and personal life roles
• Wellness– Health Promotion is the science & art of helping people change
their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health.
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What is WELLNESS?
• Wellness focuses on building a healthy lifestyle
• It mobilizes the individual’s potential for self-healing (even during treatment for disease)
• It mobilizes social support for health improvement
• “Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being And not simply the absence of disease or infirmity.” (UN Charter)
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• Quality of the state of collaboration that exists among departments required to achieve unity of effort by the demands of the environment (Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967)
• Bringing together, in a synergistic way, the specialized knowledge and trained expertise of professionals in different but related fields in order to better serve the organization and its employee (Swihart & Thompson, 2002)
* Concept of Integration Continuum – Stand Alones to One Stop Shopping Models
(Herlihy, 1996)
Integration Definitions
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Changes in Integration over Time
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Potential Research Questions
• How to create an effective measurement tool to evaluate both the ROI AND the Effectiveness of Programs for the employee
• How to capture the business climate change and managerial changes and their effects on these programs: including differences from senior to lower management
• Stakeholders: (Who are they) and what involvement do they have with program development
• Advantages and Disadvantages to an Integrated Model of Service Delivery
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How can you help move the fields into a better future?
• Finding EAP Directors from 1993
• Examine your own corporate culture
• Consider what Integration means in your Company/culture
• Submit Research Question re: Integration
• Explore various models of Integration