May 15, 2009May 15, 2009

Understanding Understanding and Reducing and Reducing Your School’s Your School’s Energy BillsEnergy Bills

Understanding Understanding and Reducing and Reducing Your School’s Your School’s Energy BillsEnergy Bills

Pradeep (PK) Kapadia, Director of Business Development, Lime Energy Co.

Pradeep (PK) Kapadia, Director of Business Development, Lime Energy Co.

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Good News…Good News… The Energy Crisis is OVER! Crude oil prices

have dropped over $100/barrel in the past year! Natural gas and fuel prices have dropped 60% from their recent highs! The nation’s petroleum reserves are at an all-time high, and world demand for energy is at a five-year low! Woo-Hoo!

All of the above is true. And if this “good” news continues much longer, the global recession will spread into a global depression that will have us yearning for $80/barrel crude oil.

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Consider this…Consider this…

Many oil-producing countries need oil to be at $70/barrel to generate Many oil-producing countries need oil to be at $70/barrel to generate enough income to run their countries. At today’s $50/barrel cost, they enough income to run their countries. At today’s $50/barrel cost, they are running deficits that could de-stabilize governments. And we’re not are running deficits that could de-stabilize governments. And we’re not talking about ‘friendly’ countries, we’re talking about Iran, Iraq, talking about ‘friendly’ countries, we’re talking about Iran, Iraq, Venezuela, Russia.Venezuela, Russia.

For US oil companies that have to dig deeper and search harder, over For US oil companies that have to dig deeper and search harder, over $50 is spent to bring each barrel of oil to the refinery.$50 is spent to bring each barrel of oil to the refinery.

As global economies recover, the demand for energy will increase and As global economies recover, the demand for energy will increase and the costs will rise to a more stable $80 to $90/barrel.the costs will rise to a more stable $80 to $90/barrel.

Enjoy the temporary Enjoy the temporary respite… Remember today’s respite… Remember today’s

price at the gas pumpprice at the gas pump

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If You’re Not Sure, Ask!If You’re Not Sure, Ask!If this is your first energy workshop, don’t feel If this is your first energy workshop, don’t feel bad if a lot seems new to you.bad if a lot seems new to you.

Please remember: there are no “dumb” Please remember: there are no “dumb” questions. Raise your hand if you questions. Raise your hand if you want want anyany item clarified. item clarified.

Don’t let pride or ego get in the Don’t let pride or ego get in the way of learning how to save way of learning how to save money for your school.money for your school.

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Today’s Class ScheduleToday’s Class ScheduleFive 25-minute periods:Five 25-minute periods:

1.1. Basics and Benchmarking of Energy Use in SchoolsBasics and Benchmarking of Energy Use in Schools

2.2. New Technologies – what the future looks likeNew Technologies – what the future looks like

3.3. The “take your car off the road” challenge The “take your car off the road” challenge

4.4. Low/No-Cost Measures to Cut Energy Bills Low/No-Cost Measures to Cut Energy Bills

5.5. Wrap-up and Case StudiesWrap-up and Case Studies

Did you know that for US schools, energy costs more Did you know that for US schools, energy costs more than textbooks and computers combined?than textbooks and computers combined?

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Session #1:Session #1:Basics of Energy Use Basics of Energy Use

and Benchmarkingand Benchmarking

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Why Bother Saving Energy?Why Bother Saving Energy? Fuel and electricity costs will continue to rise, Fuel and electricity costs will continue to rise,

despite temporary dips. Don’t let the current despite temporary dips. Don’t let the current recession give you a false sense of energy recession give you a false sense of energy security.security.

Energy efficiency and conservation are Energy efficiency and conservation are hedges against future cost increases.hedges against future cost increases.

Maintaining the efficiency of a school’s Maintaining the efficiency of a school’s physical plant retains its value and physical plant retains its value and avoids costly – and unexpected – repairs. avoids costly – and unexpected – repairs.

Cutting energy use reduces pollution, Cutting energy use reduces pollution, stems global warming, and helps national stems global warming, and helps national security.security.

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Major Terms We Use TodayMajor Terms We Use TodayENERGY: heat, light, motion, electricity, and radio waves. ENERGY: heat, light, motion, electricity, and radio waves.

It’s the “currency” you spend to make physical changes It’s the “currency” you spend to make physical changes happen. It’s measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and happen. It’s measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and British Thermal Units (BTU).British Thermal Units (BTU).

Energy comes from fuels: as oil, natural gas, coal, and Energy comes from fuels: as oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium, as well as from the sun, wind, water flow, and uranium, as well as from the sun, wind, water flow, and the earth’s heat.the earth’s heat.

POWER: how POWER: how fastfast you use energy, measured in units like you use energy, measured in units like horsepower, kilowatts (kW), and BTU/hour.horsepower, kilowatts (kW), and BTU/hour.

1 kilowatt (kW) = 1000 watts (W) = 3,413 BTU/hr1 kilowatt (kW) = 1000 watts (W) = 3,413 BTU/hr

REMINDER: a kW is how REMINDER: a kW is how fastfast you use electricity; a kWh you use electricity; a kWh is an is an amountamount of energy. Don’t confuse them. of energy. Don’t confuse them.

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Basic Energy UnitsBasic Energy UnitsAll energy units can be translated into each other:All energy units can be translated into each other:

1 BTU = heat needed to raise 1 lb water 11 BTU = heat needed to raise 1 lb water 100 F F1 therm (thm) = 100,000 BTU1 therm (thm) = 100,000 BTU1 cubic foot (CF) = 1,030 BTU, 1 CCF = 103,000 BTU 1 cubic foot (CF) = 1,030 BTU, 1 CCF = 103,000 BTU 1 gallon (gal) #2 oil = 139,000 BTU1 gallon (gal) #2 oil = 139,000 BTU1 gallon (gal) propane = 94,000 BTU1 gallon (gal) propane = 94,000 BTU1 pound of coal = 11,000 BTU1 pound of coal = 11,000 BTU1 kilowatt-hour (kWhr) = 3,413 BTU1 kilowatt-hour (kWhr) = 3,413 BTU1 kilowatt (kW) = 3,413 BTU/hr1 kilowatt (kW) = 3,413 BTU/hr1 ton of air conditioning = 12,000 BTU/hr1 ton of air conditioning = 12,000 BTU/hrHow How efficientlyefficiently energy is used depends on the way the energy is energy is used depends on the way the energy is releasedreleased, , distributeddistributed, and , and controlledcontrolled..

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A Few Quick ExamplesA Few Quick Examples- a 100-watt lamp pulls a 100-watt lamp pulls ..1 kW of power; if it runs for 10 1 kW of power; if it runs for 10 hrs, it uses hrs, it uses ..1 kW x 10 hr = 1 kWh1 kW x 10 hr = 1 kWh

- a 100,000 BTU/hr (100 MBh) boiler running at 72% a 100,000 BTU/hr (100 MBh) boiler running at 72% efficiency will use about 1 gal/hr of #2 oil (139,000 efficiency will use about 1 gal/hr of #2 oil (139,000 BTU/gal per hr x 72% BTU/gal per hr x 72% ~~ 100,000 BTU/hr) 100,000 BTU/hr)

- an average PC (computer plus monitor) pulls ~ 160 an average PC (computer plus monitor) pulls ~ 160 W; if left on without power management, it wastes W; if left on without power management, it wastes (8760 hr/yr – 2000 hr/yr of class time) x 160 W x 1 kW (8760 hr/yr – 2000 hr/yr of class time) x 160 W x 1 kW per 1000 W = 1082 kWh; at $.10/kWhr, that’s $108/PCper 1000 W = 1082 kWh; at $.10/kWhr, that’s $108/PC

- old shower head may use 4 gal/min; in 10 min, that’s old shower head may use 4 gal/min; in 10 min, that’s 40 gals (@ 8.33 lb/gal = 333 lb water); to heat it up by 40 gals (@ 8.33 lb/gal = 333 lb water); to heat it up by 707000 F, 333 lb x 70 x 1 BTU/lb/ F, 333 lb x 70 x 1 BTU/lb/ooF = 23,324 BTU is used; F = 23,324 BTU is used; if electric, 23,324/3413 to get 6.9 kWh; @$.10/kWh, if electric, 23,324/3413 to get 6.9 kWh; @$.10/kWh, that’s about $.70/shower (save 50% with lo-flow head)that’s about $.70/shower (save 50% with lo-flow head)

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More Examples - Electric More Examples - Electric DemandDemand

A 100 HP motor uses A 100 HP motor uses 100 HP X 0.746 100 HP X 0.746 kW/HP = 75 kW of kW/HP = 75 kW of power. To allow that power. To allow that 100 HP fan motor to 100 HP fan motor to operate, the utility has operate, the utility has to reserve 75 kW of to reserve 75 kW of demand, 24/7. You pay demand, 24/7. You pay for that reservation. Up for that reservation. Up to $4000 per year, to $4000 per year, even if you only use it even if you only use it for one dayfor one day

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Major Energy Uses In SchoolsMajor Energy Uses In Schools

Source: http://www.eia.doc.gov/emeu/cbecs/cbec-eu4.pdfSource: http://www.eia.doc.gov/emeu/cbecs/cbec-eu4.pdf

Most energy used in schools is for space heating, Most energy used in schools is for space heating, water heating, and lighting (ave. total is ~125,000 water heating, and lighting (ave. total is ~125,000 BTU/SF; 86% is for fuel and ~14% is for power).BTU/SF; 86% is for fuel and ~14% is for power).

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Major Electricity Uses In SchoolsMajor Electricity Uses In Schools

Most Most electricityelectricity used in schools is for lighting. used in schools is for lighting. (average total electric consumption = 5.1 kWh/SF)(average total electric consumption = 5.1 kWh/SF)

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Benchmarking SchoolsBenchmarking SchoolsSource: http://eber.ed.ornl.gov/benchmark/k12.htmSource: http://eber.ed.ornl.gov/benchmark/k12.htm

Note: total energy includes fuel and site electricity (at Note: total energy includes fuel and site electricity (at 3413 Btu/kWhr). Most buildings use at least 125,000 3413 Btu/kWhr). Most buildings use at least 125,000

BTU/SF per year, though some use much more.BTU/SF per year, though some use much more.

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Understanding Energy BillsUnderstanding Energy Bills keep your bills in a file for later use keep your bills in a file for later use

and comparison from year-to-yearand comparison from year-to-year know which devices in your know which devices in your

school use each type of energyschool use each type of energy grasp meaning of each item on the billgrasp meaning of each item on the bill realize that electric rates have many realize that electric rates have many

components that are not visible on bills components that are not visible on bills watch for trends in usage (e.g., jump in usage watch for trends in usage (e.g., jump in usage

due to summer AC or winter electric heating)due to summer AC or winter electric heating)

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Evaluating A Seasonal PatternEvaluating A Seasonal Pattern

Base UsageBase Usage

Summer’s Air Conditioning (A/C) Usage = [(27-18) + (32-18) + Summer’s Air Conditioning (A/C) Usage = [(27-18) + (32-18) + (24-18)] kWh/day x 30 days/mo = 870 kWh; Cost of A/C = 870 (24-18)] kWh/day x 30 days/mo = 870 kWh; Cost of A/C = 870 kWh x $.17/summer kWh = $148 for 3 months of A/CkWh x $.17/summer kWh = $148 for 3 months of A/C

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Natural Gas RatesNatural Gas RatesThey come in 2 basic “flavors”:They come in 2 basic “flavors”:

Firm – as much as you want, all the time, Firm – as much as you want, all the time, regardless of how cold it gets.regardless of how cold it gets.

Interruptible – as much as you want unless the Interruptible – as much as you want unless the utility tells you to switch to an alternate fuel (e.g., utility tells you to switch to an alternate fuel (e.g., oil) at certain times and/or temperatures.oil) at certain times and/or temperatures.

Interruptible service is cheaper, but penalties exist if you Interruptible service is cheaper, but penalties exist if you fail to switch when called to do so.fail to switch when called to do so.

A fuel adjustment charge may be added to either rate to A fuel adjustment charge may be added to either rate to cover a utility’s extra cost for gas it bought at wholesale, cover a utility’s extra cost for gas it bought at wholesale, above a defined price.above a defined price.

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BTU Fuel ContractingBTU Fuel Contracting Only for facilities with dual-fuel burners.Only for facilities with dual-fuel burners. Buy natural gas and oil from one vendor at a fixed Buy natural gas and oil from one vendor at a fixed

price ($/MMBTU), regardless of fuel.price ($/MMBTU), regardless of fuel. Switch between fuels when he tells you (based on Switch between fuels when he tells you (based on

wholesale spot market price, e.g., NYMEX hub, or wholesale spot market price, e.g., NYMEX hub, or local pipeline zone).local pipeline zone).

Share in profit made from selling at a higher price the Share in profit made from selling at a higher price the fuel he had earlier reserved for you.fuel he had earlier reserved for you.

Not available in all markets or by all vendors.Not available in all markets or by all vendors. Presently offered in some areas by Amerada Hess, Presently offered in some areas by Amerada Hess,

Castle Oil, and a few others.Castle Oil, and a few others.

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Session #2:Session #2:New Technologies – New Technologies –

what’s in your energy what’s in your energy future?future?

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PK’s top five energy efficiency technologies that will PK’s top five energy efficiency technologies that will be implemented over the next 5 years:be implemented over the next 5 years:

1.1. L.E.D. lighting will replace fluorescent, H.I.D., and L.E.D. lighting will replace fluorescent, H.I.D., and CFL bulbs for indoor and outdoor useCFL bulbs for indoor and outdoor use

2.2. Web-based controls will shut off loads and reset Web-based controls will shut off loads and reset temperature setpoints remotelytemperature setpoints remotely

3.3. Electricity will be stored and re-sold to utilities or Electricity will be stored and re-sold to utilities or used during peak periodsused during peak periods

4.4. Solar PV plants will cost less than $4.00/watt Solar PV plants will cost less than $4.00/watt installed, a 70% drop in price since 2012installed, a 70% drop in price since 2012

5.5. A new generation of “green” citizens will demand A new generation of “green” citizens will demand energy efficiency from their schools, governments energy efficiency from their schools, governments and themselves and themselves

New Technologies:New Technologies:

Efficiency: expect 120 lumens/watt by 2011Efficiency: expect 120 lumens/watt by 2011 Environmentally friendly (no PCB’s or Environmentally friendly (no PCB’s or

mercury)mercury) Longer Life, Longer Lumen MaintenanceLonger Life, Longer Lumen Maintenance Durable, Compact, Improved PhotometricsDurable, Compact, Improved Photometrics Better Color, Directional Light SourceBetter Color, Directional Light Source Instant on, Variable DimmingInstant on, Variable Dimming Operates well in cold temperaturesOperates well in cold temperatures

New Technologies: New Technologies: L.E.D. LightingL.E.D. Lighting

……Replaces outdoor pole headsReplaces outdoor pole heads

New Technologies: New Technologies: L.E.D. LightingL.E.D. Lighting

……Replaces Replaces outdoor pole outdoor pole

lightslights

New New TechnologiesTechnologies

L.E.D. L.E.D. LightingLighting

New Technologies – L.E.D. New Technologies – L.E.D. LightingLighting

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……Replaces task Replaces task lights at deskslights at desks

New New TechnologiesTechnologies

L.E.D. L.E.D. LightingLighting

……Replaces Replaces recessed ceiling recessed ceiling

CFL and CFL and halogen lampshalogen lamps

New New TechnologiesTechnologies

L.E.D. L.E.D. LightingLighting

……Replaces Replaces linear linear

fluorescent fluorescent fixturesfixtures

New New TechnologiesTechnologies

L.E.D. L.E.D. LightingLighting

Standard BenefitsSuperior Energy Management• Automatic DST Support• 366-Day Programming• Advanced HVAC Settings• Temporary Manual OverrideOptimized Time Management• Remote Schedule Changes• Remote HVAC System Changes• Remote System Monitoring• Remote Alarm Notifications

Premium Benefits: All the benefits of basic web-enabled control, plus:•Verification of savings•Continuous Commissioning•HVAC experts diagnosing failures or alarms•Dispatch capability to Fix Alarms•Preventive maintenance•Demand Response Compatible

New Technologies: New Technologies: Web-enabled ControlsWeb-enabled Controls

New Technologies: New Technologies: Electricity StorageElectricity Storage

Electric Storage for Peak Shaving & Load Electric Storage for Peak Shaving & Load Shifting in 1kW ChunksShifting in 1kW Chunks

New Technologies: New Technologies: Electricity StorageElectricity Storage

Ideal for “Smart Grid” operations, or “Off Grid” applicationsIdeal for “Smart Grid” operations, or “Off Grid” applications

Can be used for Demand Response programsCan be used for Demand Response programs

Loses no more than 0.1% of power stored per monthLoses no more than 0.1% of power stored per month

Can be used for back-up power (UPS systems, data centers, etc.)Can be used for back-up power (UPS systems, data centers, etc.)

New Technologies: New Technologies: Solar PV Price PointSolar PV Price Point

The State of CA is installing more solar PV systems in 2009 – 2011 than all The State of CA is installing more solar PV systems in 2009 – 2011 than all previous solar PV systems in the US combined. Until 2008, 677 MW of previous solar PV systems in the US combined. Until 2008, 677 MW of grid-connected solar PV systems were installed. By contrast, PG&E grid-connected solar PV systems were installed. By contrast, PG&E utilities, a CA utility, contracted with two solar PV companies to produce utilities, a CA utility, contracted with two solar PV companies to produce 800 MW worth of grid-connected solar PV systems by 2011. And that’s just 800 MW worth of grid-connected solar PV systems by 2011. And that’s just 1 utility in Northern California…1 utility in Northern California…

Solar PV systems have improved in efficiency by only ~10% in the past 10 Solar PV systems have improved in efficiency by only ~10% in the past 10 years. However, the production cost of solar cells have dropped by over years. However, the production cost of solar cells have dropped by over 70% (excluding inflation) during that time.70% (excluding inflation) during that time.

Solar PV systems have the biggest impact on expensive, peak power because Solar PV systems have the biggest impact on expensive, peak power because power demand peaks during the hottest part of the day, which is when power demand peaks during the hottest part of the day, which is when solar PV output peaks as well.solar PV output peaks as well.

Energy efficiency projects will always be less expensive and more reliable than Energy efficiency projects will always be less expensive and more reliable than solar PV – the greenest power is the power that you don’t use…solar PV – the greenest power is the power that you don’t use…

““Take Your Car Off The Take Your Car Off The Road” ChallengeRoad” Challenge

How much energy would you need to save How much energy would you need to save to eliminate the equivalent pollution to eliminate the equivalent pollution

emitted by your car for 1 year (12,122 lbs. emitted by your car for 1 year (12,122 lbs. of Carbon Dioxide)?of Carbon Dioxide)?

• 620 gallons of gas or home heating oil; or620 gallons of gas or home heating oil; or

• 1,100 Therms of natural gas; or1,100 Therms of natural gas; or

• 7,600 kWh per year7,600 kWh per year

That’s probably too much energy to save each year in a That’s probably too much energy to save each year in a single home, but a team of 4 students in each class could single home, but a team of 4 students in each class could do it together by following the recommendations in the do it together by following the recommendations in the next few slides in their own homesnext few slides in their own homes

““Take Your Car Off The Take Your Car Off The Road” ChallengeRoad” Challenge

Let’s go through the Low Cost-No Cost Let’s go through the Low Cost-No Cost measures in the next few slides. The ones measures in the next few slides. The ones

marked © are eligible measures for marked © are eligible measures for students (and teachers and students (and teachers and

administrators) to implement in their administrators) to implement in their homes for the Challenge; sample homes for the Challenge; sample calculations to follow at the end.calculations to follow at the end.

Go to: Go to: http://www.countdownyourcarbon.org/ to to

do this yourself…do this yourself…

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CP-1 Replace boiler pilot lights CP-1 Replace boiler pilot lights with electronic ignition.with electronic ignition.

CP-2 Reduce #2 oil nozzle size to CP-2 Reduce #2 oil nozzle size to cut short cycling.cut short cycling.

CP-3 Setback/reduce DHW CP-3 Setback/reduce DHW temperature.temperature.

CP-4 Fully load boilers; isolate CP-4 Fully load boilers; isolate unneeded boilers.unneeded boilers.

CP-5 Tune-up boilers; verify CP-5 Tune-up boilers; verify damper control.damper control.

CP-6 Shut off secondary pumping CP-6 Shut off secondary pumping when not essential.when not essential.

Central Plant OptionsCentral Plant Options

Electronic Boiler Controls

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CP-1 Replace boiler pilot lights CP-1 Replace boiler pilot lights with electronic ignition.with electronic ignition.

CP-2 Reduce #2 oil nozzle size to CP-2 Reduce #2 oil nozzle size to cut short cycling.cut short cycling.

CP-3 Setback/reduce DHW CP-3 Setback/reduce DHW temperature ©.temperature ©.

CP-4 Fully load boilers; isolate CP-4 Fully load boilers; isolate unneeded boilers.unneeded boilers.

CP-5 Tune-up boilers; verify CP-5 Tune-up boilers; verify damper control.damper control.

CP-6 Shut off secondary pumping CP-6 Shut off secondary pumping when not essential.when not essential.

Central Plant OptionsCentral Plant Options

Electronic Boiler Controls

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More Central Plant OptionsMore Central Plant OptionsCP-7 Add insulation to DHW storage tank ©.

CP-8 Where feasible, cut off DHW service.

CP-9 Lubricate central ventilation/exhaust fan motors.

CP- 10 Reduce pulley wheel size to cut air flow.

CP- 11 Raise power factor (if charged for it).

CP-12 Convert from #2 to #6 oil (i.e., new burners).

CP-13 Replace old air filters at furnaces & AHU’s ©.

CP-14 Add real-time demand indicator and EMS alarm when it exceeds set level (both peak & after hour).

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More Central Plant OptionsMore Central Plant Options

Change AHU pulley wheel Change AHU pulley wheel size to reduce flowsize to reduce flowBoiler tune-up, controls

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Distribution System OptionsDistribution System OptionsD-1 Check all steam traps and D-1 Check all steam traps and

valves for leaks.valves for leaks.D-2 Add setback control to heat D-2 Add setback control to heat

for nights, weekends ©.for nights, weekends ©.D-3 Add zone valves/dampers to D-3 Add zone valves/dampers to

cut temperatures in unused cut temperatures in unused spaces.spaces.

D-4 Check pneumatic system for D-4 Check pneumatic system for leaks and proper control, leaks and proper control, especially for thermostats and especially for thermostats and OA dampers.OA dampers.

D-5 Add timer control to D-5 Add timer control to bathroom exhaust fans, DHW bathroom exhaust fans, DHW circulating pumps.circulating pumps.

Digital Timer

Digital Setback T’stat ©

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D-6 Add flow restrictors to sinks D-6 Add flow restrictors to sinks and showers ©.and showers ©.

D-8 Clean all radiators, D-8 Clean all radiators, convectors, and fan coils.convectors, and fan coils.

D-9 Lubricate fan coil fan motors.D-9 Lubricate fan coil fan motors.

D-10 Clean heating coils, replace D-10 Clean heating coils, replace air filters.air filters.

D-11 Avoid/replace electric reheat D-11 Avoid/replace electric reheat or zone coils.or zone coils.

D-12 In gyms and high ceiling D-12 In gyms and high ceiling areas, add de-stratification fans areas, add de-stratification fans to bring warm air to floor.to bring warm air to floor.

More Distribution OptionsMore Distribution Options

Destratification fan

Low Flow Showerhead©

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Even More Distribution OptionsEven More Distribution OptionsD-13 Install CO2 sensors for D-13 Install CO2 sensors for

ventilation control (1000 ppm)ventilation control (1000 ppm)

D-14 Cut off or better control D-14 Cut off or better control loading dock heaters.loading dock heaters.

D-15 Install pool covers.D-15 Install pool covers.

D-16 Verify holiday/weekend D-16 Verify holiday/weekend temp. setback operations ©.temp. setback operations ©.

D-17 Cover or valve down D-17 Cover or valve down radiators in unused rooms.radiators in unused rooms.

Indoor Pool Cover

Valve Down Unused Radiators

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Even More Distribution Even More Distribution OptionsOptions

Find/fix leaks in air ductsFind/fix leaks in air ducts

D-18 In Mechanical Rooms, check all ductwork for leaks or deteriorated insulation and repair or replace as necessary

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E-1 Tape leaky windows shut (or weatherstrip) ©.E-1 Tape leaky windows shut (or weatherstrip) ©.

E-2 Where possible, install window insulation kit E-2 Where possible, install window insulation kit (including under skylights).(including under skylights).

E-3 Check and repair all door weatherstripping ©.E-3 Check and repair all door weatherstripping ©.

E-4 Close/seal vertical ventilation shafts and E-4 Close/seal vertical ventilation shafts and transoms.transoms.

E-5 Add foam board insulation or reflective cardboard E-5 Add foam board insulation or reflective cardboard behind radiators ©.behind radiators ©.

E-6 In high ceiling rooms, install dropped ceilings.E-6 In high ceiling rooms, install dropped ceilings.

Envelope OptionsEnvelope Options

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E-7 Cover window A/Cs (both E-7 Cover window A/Cs (both inside and outside).inside and outside).

E-8 Insulate attic floor with batt E-8 Insulate attic floor with batt insulation ©.insulation ©.

E-9 Be sure dampers on rooftop E-9 Be sure dampers on rooftop units close fully and are units close fully and are weatherstripped.weatherstripped.

E-10 Be sure doors and windows E-10 Be sure doors and windows at tops of shafts are well sealed at tops of shafts are well sealed (stop the stack effect!).(stop the stack effect!).

E-11 If possible, use only E-11 If possible, use only revolving entry doors.revolving entry doors.

More Envelope OptionsMore Envelope Options

Window AC Covers ©

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L-1 Where feasible, lower light fixtures and ceilings.L-1 Where feasible, lower light fixtures and ceilings.

L-2 Tighten control on field & parking lot lighting ©.L-2 Tighten control on field & parking lot lighting ©.

L-3 Convert security lighting to Pulse Start HID or L-3 Convert security lighting to Pulse Start HID or LEDLED

L-4 Replace incandescent lamps with CFL or LED L-4 Replace incandescent lamps with CFL or LED (incl. task lighting) ©(incl. task lighting) ©

L-5 Reduce hallway illumination levels.L-5 Reduce hallway illumination levels.

L-6 On top floor, add tubular skylights (L-6 On top floor, add tubular skylights (www.solatube.com) and photocell sensors ©) and photocell sensors ©

L-7 Where possible, zone lighting in 3L-7 Where possible, zone lighting in 3 rdrd’s with new ’s with new switches; use only 1/3 or 2/3 unless all needed. switches; use only 1/3 or 2/3 unless all needed.

L-8 Clean windows and light fixtures to add light ©. L-8 Clean windows and light fixtures to add light ©.

Lighting OptionsLighting Options

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L-9 Add motion sensors to storage/common area L-9 Add motion sensors to storage/common area lighting, gym lighting (if HID, shut off X% of fixtures lighting, gym lighting (if HID, shut off X% of fixtures or install Hi/Lo controls or replace with T-5 Hi or install Hi/Lo controls or replace with T-5 Hi Bays).Bays).

L-10 Where feasible, replace diffusers with lenses.L-10 Where feasible, replace diffusers with lenses.

L-11 Designate light switch captains and L-11 Designate light switch captains and

enforce (or add motion sensors in rooms).enforce (or add motion sensors in rooms).

More Lighting OptionsMore Lighting Options

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A-1 Calculate after-hours cost of events and A-1 Calculate after-hours cost of events and charge to sub-accounts.charge to sub-accounts.

A-2 Enforce garage door closing.A-2 Enforce garage door closing.

A-3 From outside, perform daily check for open A-3 From outside, perform daily check for open windows and lights left on after classes.windows and lights left on after classes.

A-5 Turn off compressors in drinking fountains.A-5 Turn off compressors in drinking fountains.

A-6 Consolidate classes closer together and shut A-6 Consolidate classes closer together and shut off unneeded wings.off unneeded wings.

A-7 Enforce thorough holiday/weekend shutdownA-7 Enforce thorough holiday/weekend shutdown

A-8 Reward car pooling for students, A-8 Reward car pooling for students, administrators and teachersadministrators and teachers

Administrative/Other OptionsAdministrative/Other Options

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A-9 In cafeterias, ensure night/weekend shutdown A-9 In cafeterias, ensure night/weekend shutdown of steam tables, burners, dishwashers, DHW of steam tables, burners, dishwashers, DHW heaters, etc. Eliminate parasitic or stand-by heaters, etc. Eliminate parasitic or stand-by losseslosses

A-10 E-Z-Save on all PCs (mandatory!) ©A-10 E-Z-Save on all PCs (mandatory!) ©

A-11 Minimize standby losses - unplug chargers ©A-11 Minimize standby losses - unplug chargers ©

A-12 Ban books or other materials blocking A-12 Ban books or other materials blocking radiators.radiators.

A-13 In chem labs, minimize off-hours hood usage.A-13 In chem labs, minimize off-hours hood usage.

A-14 Add motion sensors to vending machines A-14 Add motion sensors to vending machines (except for ice cream and sandwiches).(except for ice cream and sandwiches).

More Admin/Other OptionsMore Admin/Other Options

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Energy StarEnergy Star® ® E-Z-Save ProgramE-Z-Save ProgramEZ GPO software uses existing EZ GPO software uses existing Windows-based networks to shut off Windows-based networks to shut off monitors and/or power down CPUs monitors and/or power down CPUs (under network administrator’s (under network administrator’s control), based on time elapsed since control), based on time elapsed since last key stroke. Any key stroke or last key stroke. Any key stroke or mouse movement returns monitor and mouse movement returns monitor and CPU to normal with no work CPU to normal with no work interruption. Users may opt out. interruption. Users may opt out. Software tracks which monitors are Software tracks which monitors are being controlled. being controlled. http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=power_mgt.pr_power_managementc=power_mgt.pr_power_management

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Vendingmi$er ControlVendingmi$er Control

Vending machine power Vending machine power controller mtd. on plate, with controller mtd. on plate, with picture of IR sensor in inset; picture of IR sensor in inset; www.usatech.comwww.usatech.com

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Getting Your Energy Getting Your Energy Program StartedProgram Started

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Energy Program Do’s & Don’tsEnergy Program Do’s & Don’tsDO:DO:• Inform teachers & parents of what you’re up to.Inform teachers & parents of what you’re up to.• Keep records of what worked (and what didn’t).Keep records of what worked (and what didn’t).• Share successes & good ideas among Share successes & good ideas among

yourselves.yourselves.• Track monthly fuel and power usage in an Excel Track monthly fuel and power usage in an Excel

or other database.or other database.• Issue short monthly reminders to shut off lights, Issue short monthly reminders to shut off lights,

close windows, shut off PCs, etc.close windows, shut off PCs, etc.• Reward good ideas and efforts.Reward good ideas and efforts.

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Energy Program Do’s & Don’tsEnergy Program Do’s & Don’tsDON’T:DON’T:• Degrade comfort noticeably.Degrade comfort noticeably.• Create any safety or health hazards.Create any safety or health hazards.• Make draconian demands on behavior.Make draconian demands on behavior.• Exclude occupants from input and Exclude occupants from input and

participation.participation.• Denigrate any effort, however small, to save Denigrate any effort, however small, to save

energy.energy.• Assume that what was implemented last year Assume that what was implemented last year

still works as intended this yearstill works as intended this year

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Upgrade Purchasing SpecsUpgrade Purchasing Specs Whenever possible specify Energy StarWhenever possible specify Energy Star™ ™

copiers, copiers, appliances, monitors, PCs, etc.appliances, monitors, PCs, etc. If lighting upgraded, ensure that only new If lighting upgraded, ensure that only new

types of lamps are stocked to avoid types of lamps are stocked to avoid “snapback” (e.g., incan vs. CFL).“snapback” (e.g., incan vs. CFL).

If boilers are dual fuel, choose fuel based If boilers are dual fuel, choose fuel based on monthly cost, not just utility directions.on monthly cost, not just utility directions.

If available, consider BTU fuel contract for If available, consider BTU fuel contract for dual-fueled facilities.dual-fueled facilities.

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A More Orderly ApproachA More Orderly ApproachEnergy AuditingEnergy Auditing: a systematic process for : a systematic process for determining how much energy is used by determining how much energy is used by heating, cooling, lighting, etc. and developing heating, cooling, lighting, etc. and developing alternative ways to provide the same services alternative ways to provide the same services through lower-cost and/or more efficient ways.through lower-cost and/or more efficient ways.

Energy audits are performed by Energy audits are performed by professionals for a fee. New professionals for a fee. New Yorkers can get reimbursed if Yorkers can get reimbursed if they pursue some of the audit’s they pursue some of the audit’s recommendations.recommendations.

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Time To Get To WorkTime To Get To Work Start with the easiest (not the big) measures.Start with the easiest (not the big) measures.

Work within a realistic budget for upgrades.Work within a realistic budget for upgrades.

Avoid options that involve major changes in Avoid options that involve major changes in behavior (e.g., making rooms too cold).behavior (e.g., making rooms too cold).

Spread upgrades over time, rather Spread upgrades over time, rather than trying to do too much at once.than trying to do too much at once.

Any Any smallsmall action is better than action is better than just just talkingtalking about taking a big step. about taking a big step.

Remember that Remember that everythingeverything you do to you do to minimize energy use will save money!minimize energy use will save money!

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Thank you for your Thank you for your time and attention.time and attention.