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Question 1: Describe the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) thatsuits the above specifications. Also, evaluate the systemsrequirement.

Ans:1SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFECYCLE (SDLC):

From the inception of an idea for software system, until it is implemented anddelivered to the customer and even after that the system undergoes theseveral changes. The software is said to have a lifecycle known as SoftwareLifecycle composed of several phases. Each of these phases results in thedevelopment of either a part of the system or something associated with thesystem, such as a test plan or user manual.

In the traditional and most common lifecycle model called WATERFALLMODEL, each phase has well defined starting and ending points with clearlyidentifiable inputs to the very next phase attached to it. In practice basically

very simple and meaningful to visualize and understand clearly as depicted inthe figure: = = = = = =

1


REQUIREMENT

ANALYSIS &

SPECIFICATION

DESIGN &

SPECIFICATION

CODING & MODULE

TESTING

INTEGRATION &

SYSTEM TESTING

INTEGRATION &

SYSTEM TESTING

DELIVERY &

MAINTENANCE

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Fig: WATER FALL MODEL

A simple waterfall Lifecycle Model comprises the following phases:

Requirements Analysis & specification

Requirements Analysis is usually the very first phase of large-scalesoftware development project. It is undertaken after a feasibility study hasbeen performed to define the precised cost and benefits of the softwaresystem. The purpose of this particular phase is to identify and obtained theexact requirements of the system.

The customer, the developer, a marketing organization or anycombination of ever three may perform such study. In cases where therequirements are not clear e.g. for a system which has never been donebefore, much interaction is required between the user and the developer.

The requirements at this stage are hence in end user terms. Varioussoftware engineering methodologies advocate that this phase must alsoproduce user manuals and system test plans.

Design & SpecificationOnce the requirements for the system have been documented, software

engineers design a software system to meet them. This phase is sometimessplit into two sub-heads such as architectural or high level design and detaileddesign.The high level design deals with the overall module structure and origin rather

than the details of the module. tHe high level design is defined by designingeach module in detail known as detailed design. Separating the requirementsanalysis phase from the design phase is an instance of a fundamentalwhat/how dichotomy that we encounter quite often in computer science.

The general principle involves making a clear distinction between whatthe problem is and how to solve the problem. The purpose of the design phaseis to specify the particular system, which will meet the stated requirements.

Coding & Module TestingThis is the phase, which will be delivered to the customer as the running

system. Th other phase of the lifecycle may also develop code such as

prototypes, tests and test drivers but these are for the use of the developers.Individual modules develop in this particular phase are also being testedknown as module testing before being delivered to the next phase.

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Integration & System Testing

This is the next phase in the traditional Waterfall Model. IN this phase allthe modules that have been developed before and tested are basically linkedand put together that is been integrated as a whole in the capacity of acomplete software system and then the whole system is being tested knownas system testing.

Delivery & maintenance

Once the system posses all the test and its subsequent activities thenafter that only it is delivered to the outside world to its destination that is thecustomer known as delivery stage. After the successful completion fo the

delivery stage it enters into the maintenance field. As a result of thisany modifications made to the system after initial delivery is usuallyattributed to this particular phase. The above-mentioned figure gives thegraphical representation and view of the software development lifecycle,which provides a usual explanation of the term Waterfall being used todenote. Here each phase yields certain results that flow into the next phaseand the proceeds in an orderly and linear fashion.

Question 2)Perform and evaluate feasibility studies like cost-benefit analysis,technical feasibility, time feasibility and operational feasibility for theproject. Project Scheduling should be made using both GANTT andPERT charts.

Ans:2

Feasibility study is carried out t decide whether the proposed system isfeasible for the company. The feasibility study is to serve as a decisiondocument it must answer three key questions:

1. Is there a new and better way to do the job that will benefit the user?2. What are the cost and the savings of the alternative(s)?3. What is recommended?

Technical feasibility:

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Technical feasibility centers on the existing computer system i.e.Hardware, Software etc. Travel Agency requires SQL database managementthat are all easily available with extensive development support throughmanuals and blogs. So development of Travel Agency is technically feasible.

Economical feasibility:

Economical Feasibility is the most frequently used method for evaluatingthe effectiveness of a candidate system. More commonly know as Cost/Benefit analysis, the procedure is to determine the benefits and savings thatare expected from the candidate system and compare them with costs. If thbenefits outweigh costs, then the decision is made to design and implementthe system.

Operation feasibility:

With Travel Agency, administrator will get rid of editing configurationfiles to manage the same. This makes travel agency operationally feasible.

PERT CHART

Computing Platform Installation TestingImplementation Implementation Follow-up

10 12 9 15Begin

6

12 Prepare Site 35Follow up

Node

Activity

GANTT Chart:-

4


4 5 62

3

1

1

0

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Time in month

Question:3

Design and draw the data flow diagrams(DFDs) up to the required

levels, entity-relationship (ER) diagram and also produce a data dictionary.[20 marks]

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ER-diagram

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BOOKING OFFICER

Off_id NameAddress

Ph-no

Pswd

Salary

DO

ESDO

ESAmtPai

d

AmtToPa

y

Date-res

id

Travel

Passenger-

id

Travel_means

By By

CANCELLATION

Date-

cancl

Cancel-id

PASSENGERS

Passenger-id

Name

Addres

s

Age

Ph-no.

RESERVATION

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DFDS

Level-0

Level-1

Qustion-4:-)Create System flow chart and state transition diagrams.

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Travel

Management

System

Booking officer Passengers

Info

DATABASE

Reservatoin orders

tickets

Passengers

Reservatio

n

Cancellation

Give orders

Administration

Tickets

Staff members

Debit

report

SearchDATABASE

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Flow Chart

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Getting

difference ratings

Result is produced

Asking questions

Storing result in

Database

Product need

SomeModification

Result to be generated

Start

End

Change come

Features modify

Yes

No

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