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MDC® DOCTOR BLADES 0812015 Gravure and Flexo Printing Solutions 0 0 0 «ФлексоЛазер» 143930, МО, г. Балашиха, Носовихинское ш., вл. 253 Тел.: (495) 232-41-23, 543-66-65, 646-16-88, (985) 991-51-12 E-mail: infnjaflexolaser.ru www flexolaser.ru Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

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MDC® DOCTOR BLADES 0812015 Gravure and Flexo Printing Solutions

0 0 0 «ФлексоЛазер»

143930, МО, г. Балашиха, Носовихинское ш., вл. 253 Тел.: (495) 232-41-23, 543-66-65, 646-16-88, (985) 991-51-12 E-mail: infnjaflexolaser.ru www flexolaser.ru

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Better Doctor Blades for Higher Print Quality

Gravure and flexo printing are methods which demand high precision from prepress to postpress. Even micron-sized deviations produce a measurable influence on print quality. Constant

improvements, for instance filmless gravure in prepress and laser engraving, insure optimal results in production.

Disposable materials such as doctor blades, which insure even ink application during the entire work process, are often crucial for consistent print quality and long press runs. Some doctor

blades do not meet these demands and must therefore be constantly replaced, leading to expensive, wasteful downtime.

In 1973, Daetwyler developed a completely unique MDC Doctor Blade with a consistent blade tip. These revolutionary doctor blades set new worldwide standards in the field of printing

technology.

The MDC Doctor Blade product line has been steadily refined to meet the customers changing needs. Our broad product line offers doctor blades for every application. Throughout our

worldwide network of manufacturing and service facilities, technical specialists are ready to provide you with advice and service.

MDC Doctor Blades for Gravure Printing

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

For your peace of mind: the Daetwyler Logo as a symbol of excellence

Very few highly specialized steel manufacturers in the world are able to produce blade steel of the

highest purity. Our base material, a special high grade steel with 600 ± 15 HV, comes from these

suppliers. MDCs own metallurgists supervise its further refinement into precise strip-steel. The next

stage is an extensive examination of its mechanical properties and purity. This insures that the material reaching the final production stage is perfectly

straight, absolutely uniform and flawless.

Once its quality is assured, the steel is cut to the customer's specifications and the MDC Logo

is engraved onto the material as a symbol of excellence.

Finally, our specially designed packages guarantee 100 % protection of the doctor blades. Your MDC

Doctor Blade will reach you in perfect condition, regardless of how far it must travel.

Often copied, never duplicated. When you buy a MDC Doctor Blade, what are you

getting? Above and beyond a precise piece of finely machined steel, you get a product which

represents

Ш decades of experience in design and development

Ш meticulous quality control at every stage of production

' our worldwide network of sales and customer service

The MDC Doctor Blade Tip: As fine as a human hair To meet precise quality standards, MDC Doctor

Blades are manufactured with machines especially designed and built by Daetwyler. These machines

allow us to customize our blades to fit your specific needs.

Throughout every stage of production, from start to finish, every single MDC Doctor Blade is sub­

jected to exacting tests by our Quality Control Technicians, so that you receive a product of

consistent quality.

All of these qualities, including regular feedback from our customers, make Daetwyler the industry

leader of doctor blade production.

(Ш)МОС DOCTOR В I / <Z> D 1 с. 0 I

High quality steel is an MDC standard

.иаз&сШх

The Right Doctor Blade for Every Need

From the proof press to the production press, from gravure to flexo printing, from solvent to water-based inks, our wide range of doctor blade products are as diverse as the variety of tasks

in the printing industry.

MDC-LONGLIFE Blade The tip has a hardened coating to significantly lengthen

the life of the blade. It provides clean doctoring, resists corrosion and greatly reduces drag-outs. Great choice for

abrasive inks and coatings.

MDC-SOFT Blade The durable nickel-based coated tip protects this blade

against corrosion. Specifically for high pH inks, the Soft Blade significantly reduces score lines in flexo applications.

MDCSTANDARD Blade Our award-winning blade with a reduced consistent tip thickness, increases productivity, improves quality control,

and reduces waste. Designed for higher line screen aniloxes with thin cell walls. (Original Patent Number: 4,184,429)

MDC-FLEXOLIFE Blade Extend blade life while reducing anilox wear with the

economical FLEXO LIFE blade. Can be used with solvent or water-based inks.

MDC-STAINLESS Blade The Stainless Steel blade offers all the benefits of the

MDC Tip blade plus corrosion resistance, allowing them to work well for water-based applications.

MDC-MULTIBLADE Provided with a two degree flat bevel that results in a higher

stiffness. The initial tip thickness is 0.065mm. Suitable for publication, packaging and flexo printing.

MDC-BEVEL Blade This carbon or stainless rigid blade wipes sharply to reduce

hazing. The configuration of the blade edge adds to the stability of the blade tip with minimum wear-in time.

С *V_ v_

MDC-ONE STEP® Blade Providing additional blade thickness for strength, the one

piece construction eliminates the need for a backup blade and allows for straight mounting without deviation. Ideal for UV inks and coatings. (Patent Number: 5,638,751)

r

Technical Data Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Mechanical Properties:

MDCDoctor Blade Specifications Our unique machines enable us to constantly customize our

products to match our customer's changing requirements. Therefore, you choose the length, width, thickness of steel

and design of the tip. These options will enable you to choose the best doctor blade for your printing process.

MDC-Doctor Blade

Product: MDC Doctor Blade: Carbon Steel

Raw Material High quality, vacuum treated, Description: refined deoxidized, desulfurized,

cold rolled, hardened and tempered, martensitic carbon strip steel.

Chemical Carbon (C) 0.95-1.05 Composition: silicon (Si) 0.20 maximum

Manganese (Mn) 0.40 maximum Sulfur (S) 0.005maximum

Phosphorous (P) 0.015maximum

Tensile Strength: 2.000 +/- 50 N/mm2

Hardness 600 +/- 15 HV 0.3 (55+/-1 HRC)

0.6mm /3,000mm maximum, (.08"/10')

ОАО % maximum deviation of blade width.

Stock: b2+/-0.01mm Tip:b1+/- 10%

Customer specification +/- 0.1mm, (.004")

Customer specification +/- 1.6mm, (.063")

tain/ess Steel Specifications are available upon request.

Please contact one of our Doctor Blade Special/sis -we are always available to help

you with advice and service Вт

Ordering MDC Doctor Blades

How to order:

i (a1)Tip width

*\ (Ь2) Blade thickness (M) Tip thickness j j

(a2) Blade width

I

Please give the following information: Doctor Blade Tip (lamella) width and thickness, as well as length, width and thickness of the doctor blade.

Blades are available in precut sizes of any length or in coils of up to 200m.

(a 1) Tip (lamella) width

Tip widths of 1.1mm, 1.3mm and 1.7mm are available. Others by request.

(b2) Blade Thickness

The standard blade thicknesses available are: 0.15/0.20/0.25mm. Other thicknesses are available by request.

(a2) Blade Width

Widths are available between 8-80mm

(Ы) Tip Thickness/Bevel

The tip may vary in thickness: Range: 50 microns to 150 microns

One-Step available 75 to 95 microns Bevel specs by request

Materials Available

White Steel Non-Metallic Blue Steel Back-up Blade Steel

Stain/ess Steel Coated Blades

Need Assistance? Call Our DB-Customer Service Deptm. at: +41 62 919 37 37

•л-

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Consistent quality from the first to the last print with MDC Doctor Blades

MDC Doctor Blades are precisely ground to guarantee a trouble-free run. As the consistent MDC Doctor Blade tip wears during the printing

process, the contact area remains unchanged throughout the entire life of the blade. Thus,

no change in tonal value will occur.

Since the MDC Doctor Blade wears equally, there is little discrepancy between the proof

press and production press, especially in the highlights and m/dtones.

Daetwyler's wide range of products offer doctor blades customized to suit each company's

individual printing process needs.

The conti be contact area remains unchanged

during the entire blade life

MDC Doctor Blade Constant contact area

creates consistant quality

No tonal value changes

Advantages of MDC Doctor Blades: Remarkable durability is what establishes the MDC Doctor Blade as an industry standard. The durability

of our Doctor Blades also depends on the type of engraving, inks, and even the substrate you use. MDC Blades can be used in any conventional gravure or flexo press, as well as in specialty applications. When properly used, MDC Doctor Blades will last through several runs.

Further Advantages of the MDC Doctor Blades: m Quality

m Longevity I Efficiency

Versatility

я Packaging

Provide consistent control of ink film thickness.

Increases anilox roller and gravure cylinder life because less pressure is need.

Requires fewer blade changes resulting in less equipment downtime and less

material waste.

MDC Doctor Blades can be used for: mechanically or laser engraved chrome or ceramic anilox rollers; chemically etched, electronically or laser engraved

gravure cylinders; solvent or water-based inks and coatings.

A wide range of packaging options are available.

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Flexo Troubleshooting

Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions Streaks Foreign particle trapped

under blade Reduce blade pressure • Install system • Change doctor blade

ink filters in ink system • Install magnets in ink

Nick in doctor blade

Abrasive inks and/or solvents

Install ink filters in ink system • Install magnets in ink system • Change doctor blade • Check anilox for damage and/or excessive roughness. High or uneven areas from laser engraving • Send worn doctor blade in to Daetwyler for evaluation • Use Longlife doctor blade • Check new blade tip for damage (if small, polish with fine polishing paper)

Use Longlife doctor blade • Use Soft or Stainless Steel doctor blade • Check with ink supplier for alternative pigments • Check pH balance of ink (water-based)

Uneven Ink Wavy blades Metering

Alignment

Vibration

Anilox Over pressuring doctor Wear blade

Contact area too large

Clean doctor blade holder and reset blade • Check blade holder for damage and repair • Tighten bolts from center out alternating sides • Replace missing bolts • Provide even tensioning of bolts on holder by using a torque wrench • Make sure blade is not too long for holder • Check end seal placement

Make sure centerline of chamber is parallel to center line of anilox roller • Make sure both blades, top and bottom, contact the anilox roller at the same time • Check blade extension from holder (should be the same throughout the entire length)

Known as blade chatter; blade angle too steep • Gear vibration from press • Bounce from printing plate

Look for the reasons for the need of excessive pressure and correct • Install stops to limit adjustment to insure that chamber does not contact anilox roller • Metal filings from blade tip in the form of slivers (excessive pressure causes wiping to be done with back of blade instead of tip. Blade tip becomes thin and wears through releasing slivers into inking system. This can cause score

Reduce contact area • Use correct width doctor blade (check with holder manufacturer for correct size) • Use reduced thickness blade tip • Reduce blade thickness if using straight steel • Check blade angles (send worn blade samples to MDC for evaluation)

Incorrect blade material

• Excessive Contact area too large Ink Film for cell count Thickness

Have steel analyzed for purity • Check for excessive roughness on blade tip (use fine polishing paper to correct) • Try alternative blade materials (check with MDC to correctly match blade materials to application)

Use some form of pre-ground blade to reduce contact area • Incorrect blade angle • Blade material too thick (Applies to straight steel or plastic)

Cell volume or cell count of anilox not matched to line count of plate

• Leaking Alignment of chamber Chamber incorrect

Incorrect end seals or incorrect setting

Wavy blades

Guideline: cell count should be 4-6 times larger than screen count of plate

Check to make sure chamber is parallel to anilox roller and both top and bottom blades are contacting anilox roller at the same time (check empty chamber with a machinist level and a feeler gauge without end seals in place)

Check with holder manufacturer for correct material and dimensions • Check blade settings (make sure blade extension is correct to match cut on end seal)

Improper seating of blade in holder allows ink to escape holder condition • Missing or worn bolts

Bad holder

Re-doctoring of ink from containment blade

Reduce excessive blade pressure • Correct ink viscosity • Incorrect containment blade for press, holder or anilox (use a thinner alternative material such as mylar, polyester or plastic)

Gravure Troubleshooting Щ Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Problem Possible Causes Possible Solutions • Hazing Contact area too large Increase blade angle • Use thinner tip blade (i.e. 50 micron or 2 degree bevel)

• Reduce blade pressure • Use short blade and back-up extension • Use thicker doctor blade (less deflection)

Cylinder finish too rough

Decrease cylinder roughness • Introduce local air

Ink drying rate too slow

Add faster drying solvent and check viscosity • Increase blade to nip distance • Ink temperature too cold or not matched correctly with pressroom humidity • Check pH balance of ink (water-based)

Worn doctor blade from abrasive ink

Use Longlife Doctor Blade

Drag-outs Dried ink under or on top of doctor blade

Clean doctor blade • Use "slur stick" to remove • Keep ink pumps running during press stops • Lower ink viscosity

Burr formation on blade tip

Reduce blade pressure • Use Longlife doctor blade • Increase angle • Decrease cylinder roughness (chrome nodules)

• Streaks Nick in blade in contact zone

If small, lightly polish cylinder with fine polishing paper • Install ink filters and magnets • Change doctor blade • Use Longlife doctor blade

Foreign particle lodged under doctor blade

Remove with "slur stick" • Install ink filters and magnets • Increase contact angle • Check pigment size of ink • Stop press and clean doctor blade with solvent • Check or lower ink viscosity

Cylinder Too much blade pressure wear (Contact area too large)

Increase contact angle for sharper wipe • Use thinner blade • Reduce blade pressure

Abrasive wear Check with ink supplier for less abrasive ink or a solvent with more lubricity • Use doctor blade with a lower co-efficient of friction such as the Longlife doctor blade • Use a rougher cylinder finish to carry a heavier lubrication film • Chrome too soft (check chrome hardness) • Too little oscillation or no oscillation • Oscillation not smooth (check system for wear) • Doctor blade holder in poor condition • Foreign, abrasive particles in ink (install ink filters and magnets in ink system) • Check for contact with ink pan, splash guard or exposed ink roller (torn or missing cover)

Corrosive wear Check pH balance of ink • Use a doctor blade made for water-based ink (Soft nickel-coated or Stainless Steel blade)

Bleeding Viscosity too low

Excessive cell volume

Increase viscosity

Check with engraver for alternative

Doctor blade edge too sharp

• Ink Broken doctor blade-splashes cylinder radius

Ink trapped between back­up blade and wiping blade

Decrease contact angle • "Wear in" doctor blade • Hand polish doctor blade with fine polishing paper • Reduce blade pressure

Change doctor blade and look for excessive ink dried on cylinder ends or high cylinder radius areas

Clean blade holder and back-up blade • Check for waves in wiping blade • Check for damage in back-up blade • Check for damage in holder that would cause leaking

л * I I

•••;

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A precise adjusted doctor blade angle is crucial for an optimal contact zone.

/ /

\ /

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Recommended doctor blade angle is between

55° and 65° \ \

\ \

\

r Fine adjustments are required for

optimal printing results The gravure industry recommends a doctor

blade contact angle of approximately 55 -65 degrees. Flat angles create a greater

contact area, thereby increasing hazing and drag-outs. Angles too steep produce chat­

tering.

MDC Docter Blades easy to use in normal

doctor blade holders. Back-Up Doctor Blade MDC Doctor Blade

The correct installation of the doctor blade into the doctor blade holder

For best results, the blade holder and back­up blade (if used), must be cleaned carefully

and be in good condition. The MDC Doctor Blade must be mounted absolutely straight,

without waves. To prevent waves, tighten bolts in the blade holder beginning in the

center and working your way out, alternating sides.

Doctor blade pressure: Less is more We strongly recommend using minimal doc­

tor blade pressure. The thinner the tip, the less pressure required to achieve a clean

and brilliant printing result. A certain amount of flexibility is needed to compen­

sate for things such as deviation of the cyl­inder surface or changes in diameter.

High doctor blade pressure results in

Excessive doctor blade pressure Too much pressure will result in excessive

deflection of the doctor blade. Increased deflection creates a lower contact angle

and wider contact area, which leads to haz­ing and tonal value changes in the printed

product.

Precision and Quality

Working with MDC Doctor Blades Daetwyler

INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Customize MDC Doctor Blades to fit your cylinder

To prevent excessive pressure at the ends of the cylinder, which could crack a doctor blade,

we recommend that the back-up blade be cut at an angle at both ends. The cut should

end approximately 12.7mm inside each end of the cylinder to include allowance for oscil­

lation travel. Ideally the ends of your cylinders should be equally rounded.

Rounded cylinder ends prevent blade tip breakage.

Handling and Storage Ш MDC Doctor Blades should be stored in a

dry and clean environment.

Ш Multiple packaging options are designed to assist in safe and convenient blade dispens­

ing. Blades should remain packed until ready to use.

Ш Care should be taken to protect the blade tip. We recommend using the Doctor Blade

Safety Shield during set-up, storage, and handling. For more information about our

Safety Shield, contact our Customer Service Department.

Ш Pre-honed doctor blades do not require resharpening or honing.

Ш When examining your blade edge, ALWAYS KEEP IN MIND THAT THE EDGE

IS VERY SHARP. Ш Safety gloves should be used whenever

possible when handling doctor blades. Ш Clean doctor blade steel can be recycled. Contact your local recycler.

1270mm

Chamber Doctor Blade System

\

Doctor Blade systems insure consistent print quality and efficient production

In today's Flexographic process, MDC Doctor Blades are being used with engraved anilox

rollers for optimal control of ink film thickness.

There are two distinctly different blade systems; single Reverse-Angle Blade System and the more

commonly used Enclosed Doctor Blade System. While angles on an enclosed system are preset,

the industry recommends a doctor blade contact angle of approximately 30 to 35 degrees on a

single reverse-angle blade system. Flat angles create greater contact area, requiring more

doctor blade pressure to get a clean wipe. This increase in pressure creates excessive anilox and

blade wear.

Reverse Angle Doctor Blade MDC Doctor Blades: Excellent for printing whh

a reverse angle

To obtain best results, the blade holder must be cleaned carefully and be in good condition. The

MDC Doctor Blade must be mounted absolutely straight and without waves. To prevent waves, tighten bolts in blade holder from the center

out. As always, minimal pressure is the key to successful printing.

Correct Pressure

Contact \ Area ^

Incorrect Pressure

Contact Area

Minimum blade pressure insures consistent blade wear

We strongly recommend using minimal doctor blade pressure. The thinner the tip, the less

pressure required to achieve a clean and bril­liant printing result. Our recommendation is to use the same material on both sides of the

chamber to eliminate uneven pressure. In­creased pressure leads to a deflection of the

doctor blade. This results in a reduced doctor blade angle and an increased contact area,

so the actual wiping is done by the back of the blade and not the tip. As a result, excessive

anilox and blade wear may occur.

Excessive blade pressure creates free floating metal slivers which contaminate ink systems. When a

hard particle becomes trapped between the de­flected blade tip and the anilox, this particle rides

there effectively destroying rows of cells. These rows of cells appear as thin bands running the

circumference of an anilox and are commonly called score lines.

MDC Doctor Blades for Flexographic Printing

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

System Alignment With an enclosed chamber system, the cavity must be aligned so that both blades have equal amounts

of pressure. When adjustment is correct, the best metering of ink, print quality, and blade wear occurs. Incorrect alignment creates uneven blade pressure and/or ink leakage. A common error that results from

correcting alignment problems is excessive blade pressure. This excessive pressure will lead to a variety of previously discussed problems.

Proper blade chamber alignment (both horizontal and vertical alignment in relationship to the anilox) and maintenance of the blade chamber (cleaning, proper seal setting and blade setting) are the first and best steps toward the prevention of score lines.

n

MDC Doctor Blades for Special Applications

Max Daetwyler Corporation has Punched Blades for your press and can punch any size hole you need with precision accuracy.

» Made to customer's satisfaction from the finest steel. Choice of blade tip for any printing application: straight edge, lamella tip, bevel tip,

coated blades or double radius edge; for Label and Newspaper presses, Pad and Tape printing and Coating machines.

Angle Blades - NEW! For gravure presses these blades are designed to provide a spring load tension while maintaining a high contact angle - ensures smooth pressure on the blade and the correct blade angle.

• Doctors with less pressure, prolonging cylinder life. Reduces hydrostatic pressure. Wipes without chatter.

Minimizes streaking. Extrusion absorbs ripples telegraphed from the holder.

A precise adjusted doctor blade angle is critical for

optimal contact zone. The Angle Blade provides

additional versatility to meet even difficult to set conditions.

Non-Metallic Doctor Blades are available for your specific printing application. Choose from several types of material including UHMW, fiberglass-composite, and polyester. These blades come in a variety of thickness' and widths.

ULTRALIFE Beschichtete Rakel

NEUE TECHNOLOGIE

Mit Stolz verkundet die MDC Max Daetwyler AG die Neuent-wicklung der ULTRALIFE Rakel fur den Tiefdruck, wo Druckpro-bleme wie Tonen und Striche an der Tagesordnung sind. Mit dem speziellen Design und der eigens entwickelten Beschichtung ist die ULTRALIFE Rakel die beste Losung fur ein altes Problem.

Die im Jahre 1994 erfolgreich eingefuhrte LONGLIFE Rakel fuhrte zur Entwicklung der neu-en ULTRALIFE Rakel. Beim Ein-satz von flexiblen Bedruckstof-fen im Verpackungs-Tiefdruck hat sich die gesetzlich geschutz-te, gehartete Beschichtung die-ser Rakel als besonders erfolg­reich erwiesen. Dieser Rakeltyp wird ebenfalls fur die Bedruck-stoffe Papier und Karton fur Zigarettenverpackungen emp-fohlen.

У DOCTOR BLADES

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel besitzt vie-le der ausgezeichneten Eigen-schaften der LONGLIFE Rakel, wie z. B. Verminderung von Rotz-nasen und hohere Standzeiten. Zudem vermindert sie die lastige Streifenbildung wahrend der Ra-keleinlaufphase und des Fort-drucks. Das Tonen wird durch den Einsatz der ULTRALIFE Ra­kel reduziert, wenn nicht gar vol-lig ausgeschlossen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel hat sich bei kleinen und mittelhohen Auf-lagen als uberwiegend geeignet erwiesen und vermindert den Abrieb der Zylinderoberflache durch eine konstante Verschleiss-charakteristik. Sie konnen gerin-gere Maschinenausfallzeiten er-warten, weniger Rakelwechsel und verlieren weniger Zeit mit Reinigungsarbeiten.

Qualitat und Produktivitat wer-den durch die erstklassige MDC ULTRALIFE Rakel, die neueste Erweiterung der MDC Rakelpro-duktepalette, erhoht.

Wichtig: Die neue ULTRALIFE Rakel ist eine Erganzung zum be-reits umfassenden MDC Rakel-programm. Dieses Rakel wurde speziell fur den Einsatz im Verpackungs- und Defror-Tief-druck entwickelt.

Mehr Informationen uber MDC-Losungen finden Sie unter: http://www.daetwyler.com

Fragen Sie Ihren Rakel Vertreter nach Fact Sheet's mit Anwendungsbereich fur: • ILLUSTRATIONSTIEFDRUCK • VERPACKUNGSTIEFDRUCK • DEKORTIEFDRUCK FLEXODRUCK

© 2002 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MDC behalt sich das Recht vor, ohne Mitteilung an den Kaufer, Anderungen vorzunehmen.

Kontaktieren Sie Ihre nSchste MDC-Vertretung:

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com

i si 6

INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

ULTRALIFE Beschichtete Rakel

NEUE TECHNOLOGIE

Mit Stolz verkundet die MDC Max Daetwyler AG die Neuent-wicklung der ULTRALIFE Rakel fur den Tiefdruck, wo Druckpro-bleme wie Tonen und Striche an der Tagesordnung sind. Mit dem speziellen Design und der eigens entwickelten Beschichtung ist die ULTRALIFE Rakel die beste Losung fur ein altes Problem.

Die im Jahre 1994 erfolgreich eingefuhrte LONGLIFE Rakel fuhrte zur Entwicklung der neu-en ULTRALIFE Rakel. Beim Ein-satz von flexiblen Bedruckstof-fen im Verpackungs-Tiefdruck hat sich die gesetzlich geschutz-te, gehartete Beschichtung die-ser Rakel als besonders erfolg­reich erwiesen. Dieser Rakeltyp wird ebenfalls fur die Bedruck-stoffe Papier und Karton fur Zigarettenverpackungen emp-fohlen.

DOCTOR BLADES

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel besitzt vie-le der ausgezeichneten Eigen-schaften der LONGLIFE Rakel, wie z. B. Verminderung von Rotz-nasen und hohere Standzeiten. Zudem vermindert sie die lastige Streifenbildung wahrend der Ra-keleinlaufphase und des Fort-drucks. Das Tonen wird durch den Einsatz der ULTRALIFE Ra­kel reduziert, wenn nicht gar vol-lig ausgeschlossen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel hat sich bei kleinen und mittelhohen Auf-lagen als uberwiegend geeignet erwiesen und vermindert den Abrieb der Zylinderoberflache durch eine konstante Verschleiss-charakteristik. Sie konnen gerin-gere Maschinenausfallzeiten er-warten, weniger Rakelwechsel und verlieren weniger Zeit mit Reinigungsarbeiten.

Qualitat und Produktivitat wer-den durch die erstklassige MDC ULTRALIFE Rakel, die neueste Erweiterung der MDC Rakelpro-duktepalette, erhoht.

Wichtig: Die neue ULTRALIFE Rakel ist eine Erganzung zum be-reits umfassenden MDC Rakel-programm. Dieses Rakel wurde speziell fur den Einsatz im Verpackungs- und Defcor-Tief-druck entwickelt.

Mehr Informationen uber MDC-Losungen finden Sie unter: http://www.daetwyler.com

Fragen Sie Ihren Rakel Vertreter nach Fact Sheet's mit Anwendungsbereich fur:

• ILLUSTRATIONSTIEFDRUCK • VERPACKUNGSTIEFDRUCK • DEKORTIEFDRUCK • FLEXODRUCK

© 2002 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MDC behalt sich das Recht vor, ohne Mitteilung an den Kaufer, Anderungen vorzunehmen.

Kontaktieren Sie Ihre nachste MDC-Vertretung:

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

ULTRALIFE Beschichtete Rakel

f NEUE TECHNOLOGIE

Mit Stolz verkundet die MDC Max Daetwyler AG die Neuent-wicklung der ULTRALIFE Rakel fur den Tiefdruck, wo Druckpro-bleme wie Tonen und Striche an der Tagesordnung sind. Mit dem speziellen Design und der eigens entwickelten Beschichtung ist die ULTRALIFE Rakel die beste Losung fur ein altes Problem.

Die im Jahre 1994 erfolgreich eingefuhrte LONGLIFE Rakel fuhrte zur Entwicklung der neu-en ULTRALIFE Rakel. Beim Ein-satz von flexiblen Bedruckstof-fen im Verpackungs-Tiefdruck hat sich die gesetzlich geschutz-te, gehartete Beschichtung die-ser Rakel als besonders erfolg­reich erwiesen. Dieser Rakeltyp wird ebenfalls fur die Bedruck-stoffe Papier und Karton fur Zigarettenverpackungen emp-fohlen.

DOCTOR BLADES

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel besitzt vie-le der ausgezeichneten Eigen-schaften der LONGLIFE Rakel, wie z. B. Verminderung von Rotz-nasen und hohere Standzeiten. Zudem vermindert sie die lastige Streifenbildung wahrend der Ra-keleinlaufphase und des Fort-drucks. Das Tonen wird durch den Einsatz der ULTRALIFE Ra­kel reduziert, wenn nicht gar vol-lig ausgeschlossen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel hat sich bei kleinen und mittelhohen Auf-lagen als Qberwiegend geeignet erwiesen und vermindert den Abrieb der Zylinderoberflache durch eine konstante Verschleiss-charakteristik. Sie konnen gerin-gere Maschinenausfallzeiten er-warten, weniger Rakelwechsel und verlieren weniger Zeit mit Reinigungsarbeiten.

Qualitat und Produktivitat wer-den durch die erstklassige MDC ULTRALIFE Rakel, die neueste Erweiterung der MDC Rakelpro-duktepalette, erhoht.

Wichtig: Die neue ULTRALIFE Rakel ist eine Erganzung zum be-reits umfassenden MDC Rakel-programm. Dieses Rakel wurde speziell fur den Einsatz im Verpackungs- und Defcor-Tief-druck entwickelt.

Mehr Informationen Qber MDC-Losungen finden Sie unter: http://www.daetwyler.com

Fragen Sie Ihren Rakel Vertreter nach Fact Sheet's mit Anwendungsbereich fur: • ILLUSTRATIONSTIEFDRUCK • VERPACKUNGSTIEFDRUCK • DEKORTIEFDRUCK FLEXODRUCK

© 2002 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MDC behalt sich das Recht vor, ohne Mitteilung an den Kaufer, Anderungen vorzunehmen.

® Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com

Kontaktieren Sie Ihre nachste MDC-Vertretung: г i

INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

ULTRALIFE Beschichtete Rakel

NEUE TECHNOLOGIE S

DOCTOR BLADES

Mit Stolz verkundet die MDC Max Daetwyler AG die Neuent-wicklung der ULTRALIFE Rakel fur den Tiefdruck, wo Druckpro-bleme wie Tonen und Striche an der Tagesordnung sind. Mit dem speziellen Design und der eigens entwickelten Beschichtung ist die ULTRALIFE Rakel die beste Losung fur ein altes Problem.

Die im Jahre 1994 erfolgreich eingefuhrte LONGLIFE Rakel fuhrte zur Entwicklung der neu-en ULTRALIFE Rakel. Beim Ein-satz von flexiblen Bedruckstof-fen im Verpackungs-Tiefdruck hat sich die gesetzlich geschutz-te, gehartete Beschichtung die-ser Rakel als besonders erfolg­reich erwiesen. Dieser Rakeltyp wird ebenfalls fur die Bedruck-stoffe Papier und Karton fur Zigarettenverpackungen emp-fohlen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel besitzt vie-le der ausgezeichneten Eigen-schaften der LONGLIFE Rakel, wie z. B. Verminderung von Rotz-nasen und hohere Standzeiten. Zudem vermindert sie die lastige Streifenbildung wahrend der Ra-keleinlaufphase und des Fort-drucks. Das Tonen wird durch den Einsatz der ULTRALIFE Ra­kel reduziert, wenn nicht gar vol-lig ausgeschlossen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel hat sich bei kleinen und mittelhohen Auf-lagen als uberwiegend geeignet erwiesen und vermindert den Abrieb der Zylinderoberflache durch eine konstante Verschleiss-charakteristik. Sie konnen gerin-gere Maschinenausfallzeiten er-warten, weniger Rakelwechsel und verlieren weniger Zeit mit Reinigungsarbeiten.

Qualitat und Produktivitat wer-den durch die erstklassige MDC ULTRALIFE Rakel, die neueste Erweiterung der MDC Rakelpro-duktepalette, erhoht.

Wichtig: Die neue ULTRALIFE Rakel ist eine Erganzung zum be-reits umfassenden MDC Rakel-programm. Dieses Rakel wurde speziell fur den Einsatz im Verpackungs- und Defcor-Tief-druck entwickelt.

Mehr Informationen Qber MDC-Losungen finden Sie unter: http://www.daetwyler.com

Fragen Sie Ihren Rakel Vertreter nach Fact Sheet's mit Anwendungsbereich fur: • ILLUSTRATIONSTIEFDRUCK • VERPACKUNGSTIEFDRUCK • DEKORTIEFDRUCK • FLEXODRUCK

© 2002 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MDC behalt sich das Recht vor, ohne Mitteilung an den Kaufer, Anderungen vorzunehmen.

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 9193737 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com

Kontaktieren Sie Ihre nachste MDC-Vertretung: г -i

INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

ULTRALIFE Beschichtete Rakel

S NEUE TECHNOLOGIE

Mit Stolz verkundet die MDC Max Daetwyler AG die Neuent-wicklung der ULTRALIFE Rakel fur den Tiefdruck, wo Druckpro-bleme wie Tonen und Striche an der Tagesordnung sind. Mit dem speziellen Design und der eigens entwickelten Beschichtung ist die ULTRALIFE Rakel die beste Losung fur ein altes Problem.

Die im Jahre 1994 erfolgreich eingefuhrte LONGLIFE Rakel fuhrte zur Entwicklung der neu-en ULTRALIFE Rakel. Beim Ein-satz von flexiblen Bedruckstof-fen im Verpackungs-Tiefdruck hat sich die gesetzlich geschutz-te, gehartete Beschichtung die-ser Rakel als besonders erfolg­reich erwiesen. Dieser Rakeltyp wird ebenfalls fur die Bedruck-stoffe Papier und Karton fur Zigarettenverpackungen emp-fohlen.

DOCTOR BLADES

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel besitzt vie-le der ausgezeichneten Eigen-schaften der LONGLIFE Rakel, wie z. B. Verminderung von Rotz-nasen und hohere Standzeiten. Zudem vermindert sie die lastige Streifenbildung wahrend der Ra-keleinlaufphase und des Fort-drucks. Das Tonen wird durch den Einsatz der ULTRALIFE Ra­kel reduziert, wenn nicht gar vol-lig ausgeschlossen.

Die ULTRALIFE Rakel hat sich bei kleinen und mittelhohen Auf-lagen als iiberwiegend geeignet erwiesen und vermindert den Abrieb der Zylinderoberflache durch eine konstante Verschleiss-charakteristik. Sie konnen gerin-gere Maschinenausfallzeiten er-warten, weniger Rakelwechsel und verlieren weniger Zeit mit Reinigungsarbeiten.

Qualitat und Produktivitat wer-den durch die erstklassige MDC ULTRALIFE Rakel, die neueste Erweiterung der MDC Rakelpro-duktepalette, erhoht.

Wichtig: Die neue ULTRALIFE Rakel ist eine Erganzung zum be-reits umfassenden MDC Rakel-programm. Dieses Rakel wurde speziell fur den Einsatz im Verpackungs- und De/ror-Tief-druck entwickelt.

Mehr Informationen Qber MDC-L6sungen finden Sie unter: http://www.daetwyler.com

Fragen Sie Ihren Rakel Vertreter nach Fact Sheet's mit Anwendungsbereich fur: • ILLUSTRATIONSTIEFDRUCK • VERPACKUNGSTIEFDRUCK • DEKORTIEFDRUCK • FLEXODRUCK

© 2002 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MDC behSIt sich das Recht vor, ohne Mitteilung an den Kaufer, Anderungen vorzunehmen.

Kontaktieren Sie Ihre nachste MDC-Vertretung:

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com

I

INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

MDC® DOCTOR BLADES Packaging Printing

General There are a large variety of presses, substrates and applications in packaging gravure yielding different printing problems. The most common problems are toning, drag-outs, bleeding, streaking or chrome wear (banding). Because a number of factors can contribute to different printing problems, MDC manu­factures a wide variety of Doctor Blades to meet your specifications and applications.

Under good conditions, regular doctor blades can last between 1.5 Mio. to 2.5 Mio. revolutions, but are usually replaced with each cylinder change. It is common in the Gravure packaging industry to use a va­riety of very abrasive inks. This can lead to drag-outs and excess blade and cylinder wear. The durable MDC LONGLIFE blade (3 to 5 times longer blade life) is used successfully for such inks and can be used for multiple printing jobs, reducing expensive downtime. MDC SOFT blade is used successfully for coat­ing and laminating applications.

THE RIGHT MDC DOCTOR BLADE FOR PACKAGING PRINTING

MDC LONGLIFE

The lamella has a hardened coating to significantly lengthen the life of the blade. It is the best choice to fight printing defects, provides clean doctoring, resists corrosion and greatly reduces drag-outs, and waste levels are lowered significantly. Less blade changes are needed, resulting in reduced downtime and the need for re-chroming / re-engraving cylinders is also decreased. These blades are also used successfully when metering UV coatings.

MDC STANDARD

The award winning blade with a consistent tip thickness. The contact area remains unchanged through­out the entire life of the blade, therefore, no changes in tonal value or gradation occur due to wear. The unique polished contact zones guarantees a quick start-up without any streaks.

MDC MULTIBLADE

The latest blade developed has a 2° flat bevel that results in a higher degree of stiffness. The initial tip thickness is 50 microns (0.002") and slowly increases proportionally to the 2° angle, reducing start-up streaks and hazing.

MDC BEVEL

The configuration of the blade edge adds to the stability of the blade tip with minimum wear and the sharp blade edge allows for a clean wipe. Due to the stiffer tip, these blades are more resistant to tip breakage. Bevel blades with angles between 4° to 15° are used for short runs only and are commonly used when printing process colors.

MDC SOFT

This blade is made of carbon doctor blade steel and is coated with nickel-based material. The coating is resistant to corrosive inks and lacquers and protects the contact zone from oxidation. During operation, the coating flows into the contact zone and can cover small damages to the blade edge caused by con­tamination in the ink, therefore reducing toning and streaking. MDC SOFT blades are used successful­ly for coating applications.

MDC® DOCTOR BLADES Packaging Printing

MDC ANGLE BLADE

This new blade is used in Gravure presses where an optimal blade angle can not be achieved. The ANGLE BLADE provides a spring-load tension while maintaining a high contact angle. This unique design ensures smooth pressure and maintains the correct blade angle. Reduced pressure prolongs cylin­der life, eliminates chatter and minimizes streaking.

Standard Dimensions & Specs: • MDC Doctor Blades are available in widths of 8 mm (0.32") up to 80 mm (3.20"). • Standard blade thickness: 0.15 mm (0.006"), 0.20 mm (0.008"). • Blades are available in pre-cut sizes of any length or in coils of 50 m, 100 m and 200 m. • The recommended blade tip dimensions are:

Lamella Thickness 60-75 micron 80-90 micron 90-120 micron

Lamella Length 1.0-1.3 mm (0.04"-0.05") 1.3-1.7mm(0.05"-0.07") 1.7 mm (0.07")

Bevel Angle 2° (Multiblade) 4°-15° (Bevel Blade)

# Special blade sizes and requirements are considered upon request.

Laquers & Lamination All blades listed (above) can also be used in coating units for Laquers and Lamination. Coating units are equipped with fully engraved steel or chrome rollers. Either doctor blades or metering rollers are used to control the coating film thickness. In general, the blade dimensions and the blade set-ups are the same as in Packaging gravure printing.

Other MDC Doctor Blades available: • MDC STAINLESS BLADE • MDC ONE-STEP BLADE • MDC FLEXOLIFE BLADE • MDC NON-METALLIC BLADE

• MDC COMBI BLADE • MDC PUNCHED BLADE

Ask for Fact Sheets: • ILLUSTRATION Printing • DECOR Printing • FLEXO Printing

© 2001 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. All rights reserved. MDC Reserves the right to change any specification herein without prior notice.

Learn more about MDC's solutions by consulting your MDC representative for other configurations, or visit us at: http://www.daetwyler.com

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

MDC® DOCTOR BLADES Flexo Printing

General Modern flexo presses are equipped with an anilox roller/doctor blade combination as an inking system. Flexo printing presses are available in many different sizes from 200 mm (8") to over 4 meter (157"). While single reverse-angle blade systems are used for the smaller presses, the midsize and larger presses are normally equipped with enclosed doctor blade systems. Printing speed also varies from 50 m/min to 450 m/min (160ft/min to 1450ft/min). The wiping doctor blade is always applied in a reverse angle be­tween 30°-40°. Due to the abrasive surface of ceramic anilox rollers, minimal doctor blade pressure is al­ways recommended. Equally important for good doctor blade life is the relationship between cell con­figurations (shape/count) and blade tip thickness. MDC SOFT blades have been used very successfully in achieving longer blade life, in most cases 2-3 times higher than most doctor blades. For high viscous inks (UV inks) or abrasive inks (metallic inks) the use of the MDC LONGLIFE blade can increase the blade life up to 10 times.

The flexo industry uses mainly 0.20 mm (0.008") thick blades, in some cases 0.15 mm (0.006"). Enclosed blade systems do not require a back-up blade. Based on the application, lamella, bevel or straight blades with rounded edges, like the MDC FLEXOLIFE blade, are used to meter the ink. For high quality process printing, the label printing industry uses a lamella as thin as 75 microns. As a rule, a thinner blade edge allows for a cleaner wipe.

THE RIGHT MDC DOCTOR BLADE FOR FLEXO PRINTING

MDC SOFT

This blade is made of carbon doctor blade steel and is coated with nickel-based material. The coating is resistant to corrosive inks and lacquers and protects the contact zone from oxidation. Especially for high pH inks, this blade significantly reduces score lines in flexo applications.

MDC FLEXOLIFE

The blade with radius edges on both sides. This economical blade is specifically designed for flexo appli­cations. It provides extended blade life while reducing anilox wear. Can be used with solvent or water-based inks.

" • ^ MDC LONGLIFE

The lamella has a hardened coating to significantly lengthen the life of the blade. This is the best doctor blade choice used to fight printing defects since it provides clean doctoring, resists corrosion, reduces steel contamination of the ink and significantly lowers waste levels. Less blade changes are needed, re­sulting in reduced downtime.

MDC STANDARD

The award winning blade with a consistent tip thickness. The contact area remains unchanged through­out the entire life of the blade, therefore, no changes in tonal value or gradation occur due to the wear. The special polished contact zones of these doctor blades guarantee a quick start-up without problems.

MDC® DOCTOR BLADES Flexo Printing

MDC BEVEL

The configuration of the blade edge minimizes wear-in time and the sharp blade edge allows for a clean wipe. Due to the stiffer tip, these blades are somewhat more resistant to tip breakage. Bevel blades with angles between 4° to 15° are commonly used for process inks and short runs.

% MDC NON-METALLIC

Non-metallic blades are available for specific printing applications and as containment blades in enclosed doctor blade chamber systems. There are many materials to choose from, such as UHMW, Fiberglas com­posite and Polyester. These blades come in a variety of thickness and widths. MDC representatives are available to assist in evaluation and selection of the correct blades for all applications.

Standard Dimensions & Specs: • MDC Doctor Blades are available in widths of 8 mm (0.30") up to 80 mm (3.20"). • Standard blade thickness: 0.15 mm (0.006"), 0.20 mm (0.008"). • Blades are available in pre-cut sizes of any length or in coils of 50 m, 100 m and 200 m. • The recommended blade tip dimensions are:

Cell Count 80-240 L/cm (200-600 l/inch) 240-450 L/cm (600-1150 l/inch) above 450 L/cm (1150 l/inch)

Lamella Thickness 125 micron 100 micron 80 micron

Lamella Length 1.7 mm (0.07") 1.3 mm (0.05") 1.3 mm (0.05")

# Special blade sizes and requirements are considered upon request.

Other MDC Doctor Blades available: • MDC STAINLESS BLADE • MDC ANGLE BLADE

• MDC MULTIBLADE • MDC ONE-STEP BLADE

MDC COMBI BLADE MDC PUNCHED BLADE

Ask for Fact Sheets: • ILLUSTRATION Printing • PACKAGING Printing • DECOR Printing

©2001 MDC Max Daetwyler AG. All rights reserved. MDC Reserves the right to change any specification herein without prior notice.

Learn more about MDC's solutions by consulting your MDC representative for other configurations, or visit us at: http://www.riaetwyler.com

Daetwyler MDC Max Daetwyler AG Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. ch Internet: www.daetwyler.com INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

Other Quality Pressroom Products.

ф Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY

MDC Doctor Blade Box Holder

For better and safer handling of Doctor Blades use the MDC dispenser box for:

• Easy extract and retract of Doctor Blades • Prevent Doctor Blades from damages

• Safer handling of Doctor Blades with handle, loading device and easy release button

MDC Angle Measurement Device

The Daetwyler angle measurement device is easy to use and will optimise your Doctor Blade performance. With the correct angle setting you will achieve:

• The highest possible blade life • Printing without streaks Available for cylinder circumferences of

200 mm to 700 mm and 700 mm to 1 '400 mm

MDC Doctor Blade Cutting Table

Every cylinder size requires a different Doctor Blade length:

• High precision and simple handling • The size of the table can be adjusted to suit your needs Reduces danger of persona/ injury

-*\\^y

WHEN CERTAINTY MATTERS!

LONG LIFE SOFT BLADE STANDARD STAINLESS MULTIBLADE ONE STEP BEVEL ANGLE BLADE FLEXOLIFE PUNCHED BLADE NON METALLIC

Max Daetwyler Corporation, with over 30 years of manufacturing experience, has the Doctor Blade for your specific printing job. Our blades are used worldwide in the Flexo, Gravure and Specialty Printing Industries. Custom made blades demonstrate remarkable durability. MDC's own metallurgists inspect the steel used to make blades and perform an extensive examination of its mechanical properties and purity. This insures that the material reaching the final production stage is perfectly straight, absolutely uniform and flawless.

Throughout every stage of production, from start to finish, every single MDC Doctor Blade is subjected to exacting tests by our Quality Control Technicians, so that you receive a product of consistent quality.

Daetwyler also provides technical assistance for your Doctor Blade or printing problems. Our Technical Service Representatives receive constant training to recognize the source of these problems and offer solid, life-tested suggestions to correct them. Our reputation guarantees your satisfaction every time!

Daetwyler - the 'single source' for all your needs.

Daetwyler INNOVATIONS FOR THE PRINTING INDUSTRY MDC Max Daetwyler AG

Flugplatz CH-3368 Bleienbach Switzerland

Phone: +41 62 919 37 37 Fax: +41 62 919 34 00 Email: mdc@daetwyler-graphics. c/i Internet: www.daetwyler.com

ГУРосНИИИТиАП Ассоциация МВТК

Федеральный информационный фонд отечественных и иностранных каталогов на промышленную продукцию

Каталог был представлен на выставке «Этикетка - 2008»

Каталог включен в базу данных «Федерального информационного фонда

отечественных и иностранных каталогов на промышленную продукцию»

Россия, 105679, Москва, Измайловское шоссе, 44, Тел./факс (095)366-5200, 366-7008, 365-5445. e-mail:; [email protected],

www.flpk.ru

Электронная копия издания изготовлена с целью её включения в базы данных Федерального информационного фонда отечественных и иностранных каталогов на промышленную продукцию, которые

формируются в соответствии с Постановлением Правительства РФ от 24 июля 1997 г. № 950 и Постановлением Правительства РФ от 31 декабря 1999

г. № 2172-р и зарегистрированы Комитетом по политике информатизации при Президенте РФ под №№ 39-50.

2008 год