Measurements & instrumentation

Aim:

To provide adequate knowledge in electrical instruments and measurements

techniques.

Objectives:

To make the student have a clear knowledge of the basic laws governing

the operation

of the instruments, relevant circuits and their working.

Introduction to general instrument system, error, calibration etc.

Emphasis is laid on analog and digital techniques used to measure voltage,

current, energy and power etc.

To have an adequate knowledge of comparison methods of measurement.

Elaborate discussion about storage & display devices.

Exposure to various transducers and data acquisition system.

UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS

Measurement systems Static and dynamic characteristics Units and standards of measurements Error analysis & problemsMoving coil, moving iron meters Multimeters – True RMS meters Bridge measurements

Maxwell BridgeHay BridgeSchering BridgeAnderson BridgeWien Bridge.

UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS

Electronic multimeters

constuction & workingCathode ray oscilloscopes

Block schematic – Applications Special oscilloscopes constuction & working

Q meters constuction & working

Vector meters constuction & working

RF voltage constuction & working

power measurements.

UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS

Function generators

RF signal generators

Sweep generators

Frequency synthesizer

Wave analyzer

Harmonic distortion analyzer Spectrum analyzer

UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS

Comparison of analog and digital techniques

Digital voltmeter

Multimeters

Frequency counters

Measurement of frequency

and time interval

Extension of frequency range

Measurement errors

UNIT V DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENTS

oElements of a digital data acquisition system

o Interfacing of transducers

o Multiplexing

o Computer controlled instrumentation

oIEEE 488 bus

o Fiber optic measurements for power and system loss oOptical time domains reflectometer.

ASSIGNMENT TOPICS

1. Moving coil, moving iron meters construction & working

2. Bridge measurements – Maxwell – Hay – Schering – Anderson and Wien Bridge.

3. Cathode ray oscilloscopes – Block schematic diagram

4. Frequency synthesizer – Wave analyzer – Harmonic distortion analyzer – Spectrum analyzer.

5. Multimeters –Frequency counters

6. Elements of a digital data acquisition system– IEEE 488 bus –Optical time domains reflectometer.

SEMINOR TOPICS

Multimeters construction

Moving coil meters construction

Moving iron meters construction

Frequency synthesizer construction & working

Harmonic distortion analyzer working

Multiplexing

Computer controlled instrumentation

IEEE 488 bus

Function generators construction & working

Sweep generators construction & working

TEXT BOOK

Albert D. Helfrick, and William D. Cooper, “Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques”, PHI, 2003.

REFERENCES

1. Joseph J. Carr, “Elements of Electronics Instrumentation and Measurement”, Pearson education, 2003.

2. Alan. S. Morris, “Principles of Measurements and nstrumentation”, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2003.

3. Ernest O. Doebelin, “Measurement Systems – Application and Design”, TMH, 2004.

4. A.K.Shawney, “Electrical & Electronics Measurements & Instrumentation”, Dhanpat Rai Publications