measures for improving the archaeological survey policy
TRANSCRIPT
MEASURES FOR IMPROVING THEARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
POLICY
Current Problems and ConstraintsCurrent Problems and Constraints22
Improvement Strategies for the Archaeological Survey SystemImprovement Strategies for the Archaeological Survey System33
ExpectationsExpectations44
Action PlanAction Plan55
IntroductionIntroduction11
Contents Contents
I. Introduction I. Introduction
Scope• Areas of development work covering a project area of no less than 30,000 ㎡ (Cultural Heritage Protection Act, Article 91 )
Aim• Identification of any cultural or archaeological heritage in the project area
Methods• Desk-based assessment & field evaluation through visual examination
Scope• Areas of development work covering a project area of no less than 30,000 ㎡ (Cultural Heritage Protection Act, Article 91 )
Aim• Identification of any cultural or archaeological heritage in the project area
Methods• Desk-based assessment & field evaluation through visual examination
Ground SurveyGround Survey ExcavationExcavation
Scope• Areas identified as possible cultural or archaeological heritage sites according to the ground survey
Aim • Protection of heritage prior to development or construction
Methods
• Trial excavation & in-depth excavation
Scope• Areas identified as possible cultural or archaeological heritage sites according to the ground survey
Aim • Protection of heritage prior to development or construction
Methods
• Trial excavation & in-depth excavation
1,529 ground surveys (644 ㎢ )
1,259 excavations (43 ㎢ )* 70% of surveys were conducted in land development and industrial complex construction areas
Annual cost: 230 billion Won (on developer-pays principle)
1,529 ground surveys (644 ㎢ )
1,259 excavations (43 ㎢ )* 70% of surveys were conducted in land development and industrial complex construction areas
Annual cost: 230 billion Won (on developer-pays principle)
Statistics of Archaeological Surveys in 2007
Classification of research institutions Classification of research institutions
Public institutions
29(20.6%)
Others 6
(4.2%)
Universities 65
(46.1%)Private
institutions 41
(29.1%)
141(1,881
researchers)
Number of archaeological surveys Number of archaeological surveys
Ground surveys
Excavations
II. Current Problems and Constraints II. Current Problems and Constraints
While needs for excavation works increase by 20% annually,
the number of researchers increase by 5% only per annum
While needs for excavation works increase by 20% annually,
the number of researchers increase by 5% only per annumIn 2007 out of 66 million ㎡ that needed excavation, 43 million ㎡ (64%)
were excavatedIn 2007 out of 66 million ㎡ that needed excavation, 43 million ㎡ (64%)
were excavated
Number of Development plans
Excavation area ( ㎢ )
´03 ´04 ´05 ´06 ´07
Researchers
1934
35 3543
1,573 1,604 1,649 1,884 1,881
Poor recognition as a 3D job Poor recognition as a 3D job (dirty, difficult & dangerous) (dirty, difficult & dangerous)
Stringent requirements for laboratory, excavation and preservation equipments and professional qualification for researchers
Only 8% of 250 archaeology graduates are hired as researchers annually
Strict criteria for institution Strict criteria for institution establishmentestablishment
An institution authorized by a local government
can work only within its jurisdiction
Areas of surveys and excavations Areas of surveys and excavations limit on local institutions limit on local institutions
Lack of professional researchers and research institutions
37,14049,756
51,698
63,63776,568
Excavation
Developer
Developer
Signing a contract with a research institute
(developer)
Permission
Excavation and submission of report
Administrative consultation & decision
Application for excavation
(76 days taken)
Ground Survey
Complicated & Long Administrative Procedures
(64 days taken)
Developer
Signing a contract with a research institute
(developer)
Ground survey
Administrative consultationand decision
Si/Gun/Gu gov
Cultural Heritage
Administration (CHA)
Si/Gun/Gu gov.
Si/Gun/Gu gov.
Cultural Heritage
Administration
Si/Gun/Gu gov.
Si/Gun/Gu gov.
Cultural Heritage
Administration
Si/Gun/Gu gov.
Low Predictability
Low Predictability
Insufficient standards for survey cost &
duration estimation
Insufficient standards for survey cost &
duration estimation
Vague regulations on commencement time of survey
Vague regulations on commencement time of survey
Unclear standards for defining the
excavation range & in situ
preservation criteria
Unclear standards for defining the
excavation range & in situ
preservation criteria
Heavy burden on developers due to poor standards
III. Improvement Strategies III. Improvement Strategies
Promoting Public Convenience
Promoting Public Convenience
Improving PredictabilityImproving
Predictability
Strategy 1Strategy 1
Reducing survey Reducing survey needsneeds
Strategy 1Strategy 1
Reducing survey Reducing survey needsneeds
Strategy 3 Strategy 3
Simplifying administrative Simplifying administrative proceduresprocedures
Strategy 3 Strategy 3
Simplifying administrative Simplifying administrative proceduresprocedures
Strategy 4 Strategy 4
Expanding a watching brief Expanding a watching brief systemsystem
Strategy 4 Strategy 4
Expanding a watching brief Expanding a watching brief systemsystem
Strategy 5 Strategy 5
Establishing official and Establishing official and objective survey objective survey standardsstandards
Strategy 5 Strategy 5
Establishing official and Establishing official and objective survey objective survey standardsstandards
Fast and Accurate Public Service
Strategy 2: Increasing Strategy 2: Increasing supplysupply
of skilled professionalsof skilled professionals
Strategy 2: Increasing Strategy 2: Increasing supplysupply
of skilled professionalsof skilled professionals
Early Establishment of the Archaeological Heritage GIS
Reducing Survey Needs Reducing Survey NeedsStrategy Strategy ①①
Reducing an average of 64 days per survey Relocation of ground survey researchers to excavation
sites
Reducing an average of 64 days per survey Relocation of ground survey researchers to excavation
sites
Establishing the Archaeological Heritage GIS Service Establishing the Archaeological Heritage GIS Service by 2008 by 2008 to replace ground surveysto replace ground surveys
Easing restrictions for establishing and operating research institutions
Increasing Supply of Skilled ProfessionalsIncreasing Supply of Skilled Professionals
EasingEasing requirements for requisite facilities, requirements for requisite facilities, equipments and academic and working equipments and academic and working careers of researcherscareers of researchers
Strategy Strategy ②②
From 11 researchers to 7 Easing the academic and work requirements
ResearchersResearchersFacilitiesFacilities
owned by each institution
shared between institutions
No regional restriction for research institutions No regional restriction for research institutions (local jurisdiction (Si/Do) nationwide) (local jurisdiction (Si/Do) nationwide)
복잡한 행정절차의 획기적인 단축Simplifying Administrative Procedures
Strategy ③ Simplifying Administrative Procedures
Strategy ③ Simplifying Administrative Procedures
Direct operation of CHA without passing Si/Gun/Gu Direct operation of CHA without passing Si/Gun/Gu
govtsgovts Shortening the time required for reviewing and Shortening the time required for reviewing and
processing processing
Developer Si/Gun/Gu
CHA
Si/Gun/GuDeveloper
Developer
CHA
Developer
140 Days 40 Days
Action④ :
12% (‘07)
over 24% (‘08)Improved
professors,
researchers of public
institutions
Current
a researcher of a private institution
Wider qualification of watching brief expertsWider qualification of
watching brief expertsWider application of
a watching brief systemWider application of
a watching brief system
현장 업무처리 현장 업무처리
Undertaking a watching brief within an area of low heritage site possibility
Authorized experts ‘watching’ the digging work of the construction site (no excavation work)
Undertaking a watching brief within an area of low heritage site possibility
Authorized experts ‘watching’ the digging work of the construction site (no excavation work)
Strategy ④ Expanding a watching brief system
Strategy ④ Expanding a watching brief system
Strategy ⑤ Establishing official and objective standards
Strategy ⑤ Establishing official and objective standards
Minimizing arbitrary legal interpretation and improving predictability
Standardization of criteria for estimation of cost, duration and manpower needed for a survey
Establishment of an objective and reasonable criteria for in situ preservation of an excavated site
Revision of over-generalized and arbitrarily interpretable legal provisions
Standardization of criteria for estimation of cost, duration and manpower needed for a survey
Establishment of an objective and reasonable criteria for in situ preservation of an excavated site
Revision of over-generalized and arbitrarily interpretable legal provisions
※Establishment of the criteria for altering current conditions around a heritage site
IV. ExpectationsIV. Expectations
Reduction of lands awaiting excavation
Now 2008
24 ㎢
0 ㎢
Now 2008
1,881 persons
2,800 persons
Increase of manpower supply
Now 2008
140 days
Shortened length of administrative procedures
Now 2009
230 bil won
172 bil won
Cut on survey costs
40days
V. Action PlanV. Action Plan
Operate the established GIS (from Jan 1, 2009)Operate the established GIS (from Jan 1, 2009)
Construct 2 collection storage and preservation Construct 2 collection storage and preservation facilities facilities
Operate the established GIS (from Jan 1, 2009)Operate the established GIS (from Jan 1, 2009)
Construct 2 collection storage and preservation Construct 2 collection storage and preservation facilities facilities
Within 3 months
Streamline relevant regulations and lawsStreamline relevant regulations and laws Streamline relevant regulations and lawsStreamline relevant regulations and laws Establish standards for cost estimation and length of survey Establish standards for cost estimation and length of survey
Shorten administrative proceduresShorten administrative procedures
Increase watching brief expertsIncrease watching brief experts
Ease preconditions for establishment of a research instituteEase preconditions for establishment of a research institute
Establish standards for cost estimation and length of survey Establish standards for cost estimation and length of survey
Shorten administrative proceduresShorten administrative procedures
Increase watching brief expertsIncrease watching brief experts
Ease preconditions for establishment of a research instituteEase preconditions for establishment of a research institute
Within 1 month
Convert regional institutions into nationwide Convert regional institutions into nationwide institutionsinstitutions
Operate a Call Center for Archaeological Survey Operate a Call Center for Archaeological Survey
Convert regional institutions into nationwide Convert regional institutions into nationwide institutionsinstitutions
Operate a Call Center for Archaeological Survey Operate a Call Center for Archaeological Survey
In 2009
The Cultural Heritage Administration endeavors to strengthen national competitiveness through advancing survey methods and administrative
measures regarding cultural heritage.