• More newspapersnewspapers, more reportersreporters and columnistscolumnists, also more outrageous reportage and commentaryoutrageous reportage and commentary.

• Filipinos had serious doubts about the credibility and social credibility and social responsibility of the pressresponsibility of the press.

• There is intense competition in the newspaper publishing industry that editors and publishers attempt to sell their papers by peddling or selling gossip, rumor and speculation as fact.

• In order to sell, publishers and journalists feel that they must continually satisfy the hunger of people for crisis journalism.

• Businessmen have entered the publishing industry for the

power and influence.

• The concentration of media ownership is in the hands of a hands of a few families who have substantial holdings in few families who have substantial holdings in commerce, industry and banking.commerce, industry and banking.

The ChronicleThe Chronicle

Eugenio Lopez Eugenio Lopez - reacquired an electric monopoly, runs a bank and a slew of other companies and operates on television station and several radio stations.

The GlobeThe Globe

Ramos Family Ramos Family - mining and oil- drilling companies and bookstore chains.

Manila TimesManila Times

John Gokongwei John Gokongwei – food conglomerate and a chain of shopping malls.

Manila StandardManila Standard

ElizaldesElizaldes – at least a dozen companies manufacturing a whole range of goods.

The BulletinThe Bulletin

Emilio YapEmilio Yap- Banker and shipping magnate

• Regression toward pre- martial law Regression toward pre- martial law ownership patterns.ownership patterns.

• Culture of corruption in media.Culture of corruption in media.• Problems arose such as bankruptcy.Problems arose such as bankruptcy.• Many newspapers were struggling to Many newspapers were struggling to

survive because of huge losses. survive because of huge losses. • Fewer than 2 million out of 61 million Fewer than 2 million out of 61 million

Filipinos buy a newspaper.Filipinos buy a newspaper.• Proliferation of daily press opened the Proliferation of daily press opened the

profession to invasion of pseudo- profession to invasion of pseudo- journalists, resulting in widespread journalists, resulting in widespread malpractice.malpractice.

• The tabloids account for half (one million The tabloids account for half (one million copies) of the total circulation.copies) of the total circulation.