media monitoring on corruption by students

7/30/2019 Media Monitoring on Corruption by Students

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Media Monitoring on Corruption

Centre for Culture, Media and Governance,

Jamia Millia Islamia


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The Hindustan TimesHinduTimes of IndiaIndian Express


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Hindustan Times:CWG:1242G:166HinduCWG-310

2G-285Times of IndiaCWG:3252G:545Indian ExpressCWG: 292G:377

Time Frame : Oct 2010- July 2011


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CORRUPTION: It is an illegitimate, immoral practice

which raises questions on ethical standards. Corruption

often results from patronage and is associated with

bribery. In simple terms- An act of Bribery.

SCAM: Involves deliberate misrepresentation of facts

and/or significant information to obtain undue or illegal

financial advantage.


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Common Wealth Games 2010 (CWG Scam): CWG games held in the year 2010 Handing out contracts to firms for equipment

and services at exorbitant rates; reasonable bidsfrom other firms allegedly ignored

Allegations of conspiracy and cheatingPeople Involved Suresh Kalmadi, Chairman , Organizing

Committee (OC)

Lalit Bhanot, Secretary General of OC V. K. Verma, Director General Other Politicians like Sheila Dixit, CM, Delhi


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2G Spectrum Scam: 2G licenses issued to private telecom companies at throwaway prices in 2008

CAG: Spectrum scam cost the government Rs. 1.76 lakh crore

CAG: Rules and procedures flouted while issuing licenses

People Involved A Raja, Telecom Minister

Kanimozhi, Member of Parliament

Shahid Balwa, Promoter, Swan Telecom

Sanjay Chandra, Unitech Chief and Vinod Goenka, DB Realty founder

Gautam Doshi, Hari Nair and Surendra Pipara, senior executives of AnilAmbani controlled ADAG

Sidharth Behura, Former Telecom Secretary

RK Chandolia, A Raja's Personal Secretary


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Brings out instances of corruption in the

public domain by reporting them Builds public opinion on the issue

Can sustain momentum and keep the issuealive by regularly following up the story

This can help in bringing the guilty to book


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How was the issue of corruption framed bythe 4 leading English dailies while reportingon the CWG & 2G corruption stories?

Were there any significant differences in theway the 2 stories were approached in thesame newspaper?

Did different papers take similar or differing

approaches while reporting on these storiesand on the larger issue of corruption?


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12

8

4

5

4

3

1 1

3

1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2

1 1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

No. of articles

Names of personalities

Focus on Personalities

No. of articles


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Suresh Kalmadi54%

Sheila Dixshit

20%

Manmohan Singh4%

Sonia Gandhi7%

LalitBhannot

10%

Tajender Khanna5%

Political Personalities

Suresh Kalmadi

Sheila Dixshit

Manmohan

Singh

Sonia Gandhi

Lalit Bhannot


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60%22%

11%

4%3%

Focus on Personality

Suresh Kalmadi

Sheila Dikshit

BS Lalli

Sonia Gandhi

Manmohan Singh


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2

1 1 1

3

1 1

2

1 1 1

4

2 2

1 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

No. of articles

Names of the accused

Blame Attribution

No. of Articles


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CONGRESS VS KALMADI

CONGRESS

KALMADI

66%

33%


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55%

18%

9%

14%

4%

Blame Attribution

Suresh Kalmadi

Sheila Dikshit

MS Gill

Delhi Govt

PMO


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Social/Environmental costs were not

mentioned even once in the 124 news storiesin the Hindustan Times. This was despite thefact that construction of the various sites forCWG had a direct impact on the residents ofthe several slums as they were forcefullyevicted to make way for the stadium andother amenities


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19

50

2

13

27

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

negative positive both

Public money

Social & Enviromental cost


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0 50 100

PUBLIC MONEY

SOCIAL

ENVIRONMENTAL

COST

31.03448276

17.24137931

68.96551724

82.75862069

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE


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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Shahid

Balwa

SanjayChandra

KarimMorani

Sarath

Kumar

KRRaja

Kalanidhi

Maran

AsifBalwa

Gautam

Joshi

Surendra

Pipara

VinodGo

yenka

Ha

riNair

RajeevA

garwal

PrashantRuia

Govt.

RKCha

ndolia

GEVah

anvati

JegathJasperRaj

DayaluAmmal

CorporateH

ouses

SSivasankaran

AMS

adique

Batcha

No. of articles

Names of Accused

Corrupt Practises

No. of articles


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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

No. of articles

Political personalities accused

Political Personalities Accused

No. of Articles


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64%5%

11%

5%

15%

Corrupt Practices

A Raja

Sahid Balwa

Dayanidhi Maran

P C Thomas

Kanimozi


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0

20

40

60

Corrupt Practices Others

43.4

56.6

Focus on Corrupt Practices (%)

Series1


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Political

Personality

40%

Govt. official

37%

CBI3%

Anonymous

5%

Miscelleneous11%

Report4%


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Opposition Pressure67%Pressure from CBI

6%

Supreme Courtpressure

7%

social activistspressure

7%

UPA govt.pressure

13%


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DMK

CONGRESS

BJP

49%

38%

14%


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0%

26%

38%

7%

4%

25%

Source of

InformationCBI

Opposition

Judiciary

Home/LawMinistryOthers


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12

22

2

12

25

2

17

21

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

negative positive both

protection by gov to

culprit

Role of govt agency

Judicial verdict


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2G

POSITIVE

NEGATIV

E

NEUTRAL

57%

39%

4%

Projection of stories


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Framing Majority of the articles were around

Kanimozhi & A Raja. Very few articles focusedon the involvement of corporate bosses in the

2G scam. This shows that for the HindustanTimes it was the involvement of politicalpersonalities which was central to the storydespite the fact that the scam could not havebeen possible without the equal involvementof private telecom companies and theirexecutives


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Use of Metaphors In CWG, phrases such as scam ridden India, sea of

corruption, imbalance of power, ideological and politicalbankruptcy indicate that news stories emphasize

widespread corruption in the country and point towardsstructural imbalance in governance structures and lack ofhonest and credible political leadership for the same

In 2G, phrases like conspiracy of silence, damage controlmode indicate that government authorities were not seen as

serious in bringing the guilty to book. These news storiesfocus on the fact that the government was trying to cover upthe scam


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Keywords/Metaphors String of scams, big fish, tight lipped, smoke screen,

under his nose, mute spectator and tail spin. These keyterms in the Indian Express tell a story of multiple scams

taking place in the government in which people in highpositions are involved and point towards an attempt tocover-up things happening right under the noses of peopleat the very top and they being able to/or wanting to doprecious little. But the newspaper presents that despite this,

the events unfolded in such a way that people (in thegovernment) had little control over them


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Keywords In CWG, use of keywords and phrases like black money,

graft, mess, shoddy works, extravaganza, wrongdoings,serious irregularities, and sheer wastage of public moneyindicate that the papers focus was on uncovering corrupt

practices taking place under the garb of organising CWG.

In 2G spectrum, use of keywords and phrases like, abnormalprice, money laundering, elicit details,lawlessness andfeigning ignorancepoint towards the loot of public money and

the governments unwillingness to take action until thesituation turned inevitable.


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HT framed the issue of corruption around the politicalpersonalities and the subsequent backlashes and mud

slinging between political parties

Both the corruption stories (2G and CWG) have been

covered in a very similar manner as the stories in the

newspaper revolved around political personalities and

did not report on their larger implications or other

aspects around them. The coverage was also event

based with stories being around raids, charge sheets

and subsequent arrests


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News articles in the Hindu did not depict any signs ofpolitical affiliation towards any particular party. TheHindus coverage portrayed the stories as a larger malaiseof corruption in the country, particularly among politicians.The paper also brought out the effects of corruption in thesocio-economic context

In reporting the CWG story, the Hindu also makes theconnection of corrupt practices adversely impacting Indiasimage, as CWG was an international sporting event. In its

coverage of the 2G scam, the Hindu seemed particularlyconcerned over how to stop the menace of corruption whichwas hollowing the nation


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The Indian Express too has reported corrupt practicesin both the stories (2G & CWG) by giving them a

political angle

In the coverage of the CWG story, the paper is largely

targeting the Congress party and its involvement inmismanagement of games and financial improprietydirectly

Whereas, the 2G story has been reported in many

diverse ways by looking at the role of Central Bureauof Investigation, the judiciary and that of the differentpolitical parties


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While the Times of India highlighted corrupt practices inboth (2G&CWG) stories, it provided space not only to theopposing parties, but also to the ruling party as well as tothe accused

The CWG stories were spread out -from the time the scamunfolded to the games being held and follow-up action,with the Times of India carrying stories on corrupt practicespre, during and post the event.

The coverage of 2G scam was mostly post the irregularities

coming out in the open. They revolved around politicalpersonalities and subsequent actions like raids, CBI chargesheet, petitions in court and the politics that unfoldedaround them


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Representation of Corruption Hindustan Times: Mostly framed stories around politicians and their role

Hindu: Focused more on the larger issue of corruption with politicians

being seen as part of the problem. The paper also brought out the socio-

economic aspects and reflected on the image of the country due toincreasing incidence of corruption

Indian Express: Majority of the stories were politically framed. 2G

coverage focused mainly on investigation into corrupt practices

Times of India: Also had a largely political focus but space was given to

stories emerging from all sides. As in the case of the Indian Express, here

too, 2G stories focused on the investigative aspects


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media monitoring on corruption by students

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