Media LiteracyMedia LiteracyFrank W. BakerFrank W. Bakermedia ed consultantmedia ed consultant

fbaker1346@aol.com fbaker1346@aol.com Twitter @fbakerTwitter @fbaker

June 19, 2013

““Visual media are Visual media are redefining what it redefining what it means to develop means to develop the tools of the tools of literacy to literacy to understand a understand a changing world…”changing world…”

77% of educators believe developing students’ literacy is 77% of educators believe developing students’ literacy is

one of the most important parts of their jobone of the most important parts of their job

Source: Remodeling Literacy Learning: Making Room for What Works

““Today’s students are not being Today’s students are not being equipped with the critical equipped with the critical thinking and analysis skills they thinking and analysis skills they need to successfully navigate need to successfully navigate our media-saturated our media-saturated environment.”environment.”

Source: http://thebluereview.org/teaching-media-literacy/

TEXTTEXT

LITERACYLITERACY

TEXTTEXT

LITERACYLITERACY

more than words on a pagemore than words on a page

Rethinking What Reading MeansRethinking What Reading Means In the 21st Century In the 21st Century

It’s called TransliteracyIt’s called Transliteracy

TransliteracyTransliteracy

“ “ the ability to read, write and the ability to read, write and interact across a range of platforms, interact across a range of platforms, tools and media from signing and tools and media from signing and orality through handwriting, print, orality through handwriting, print, TV, radio and film, to digital social TV, radio and film, to digital social networks.”networks.”

www.transliteracy.com

Critical ChallengeCritical Challenge

“Faculty training still “Faculty training still does not acknowledge does not acknowledge the fact that the fact that digital digital media literacymedia literacy continues its rise in continues its rise in importance as a key importance as a key skill in every discipline skill in every discipline and profession.”and profession.”

http://www.nmc.org/news/2013-horizonk12-interim-results

www.p21.org

Who is responsible for Who is responsible for teaching media literacy?teaching media literacy?

What is “media What is “media literacy”?literacy”?

ANALYSIS + PRODUCTIONANALYSIS + PRODUCTION

Video

collaborationcollaboration communicationcommunication responsibilityresponsibility independenceindependence confidenceconfidence teamworkteamwork support youth voicessupport youth voices share w/ audiencesshare w/ audiences

critical thinking/ critical thinking/ problem solvingproblem solving creativity/innovationcreativity/innovation communicationcommunication collaborationcollaboration

Student Benefits of Media ArtsStudent Benefits of Media Arts

Source: http://www.p21.org

Source: http://digitalis.nwp.org/resource/2556

Source: Source: Media Literacy Resource Guide, Ministry of Education Ontario, 1997Media Literacy Resource Guide, Ministry of Education Ontario, 1997

“ “ Media literacy is concerned with helping Media literacy is concerned with helping students develop an informed and critical students develop an informed and critical understanding of the nature of mass media, understanding of the nature of mass media, the the techniquestechniques used by them, and the used by them, and the impact of these techniques. impact of these techniques.

More specifically, it is education that aims to More specifically, it is education that aims to increase the students' understanding and increase the students' understanding and enjoyment of enjoyment of how the media work, how how the media work, how they produce meaning, how they are they produce meaning, how they are organized, organized, andand how they construct how they construct realityreality. .

Media literacy also aims to provide students Media literacy also aims to provide students with the ability to with the ability to create media productscreate media products. ". "

http://www.slideshare.net/reneehobbs/digital-natives-or-digitally-naive-lessons-in-digital-and-media-literacy

Our World is MORE Our World is MORE VisualVisual

TelevisionTelevision(now available via more media/tech)(now available via more media/tech)

The MoviesThe Movies

Students Make, Take, Share Students Make, Take, Share Photos/VideosPhotos/Videos

83% of American teens take pictures with their cell phones (Pew)

Social Media-Increasingly VisualSocial Media-Increasingly Visual

Even Our Phones are VisualEven Our Phones are Visual

Challenges/OpportunitiesChallenges/Opportunities

#1 Students view media passively#1 Students view media passively

#2 If it’s on a screen, they tend to #2 If it’s on a screen, they tend to believe itbelieve it

#3 Most educators have not been #3 Most educators have not been trained in media literacy educationtrained in media literacy education

#4 Textbooks ignore media as texts; #4 Textbooks ignore media as texts; most libraries contain few resourcesmost libraries contain few resources

“ “ images … have images … have the potential the potential to to communicate communicate at least as at least as efficiently and efficiently and effectively as effectively as printed words printed words alone.”alone.”

“ “Most of us are bombarded by Most of us are bombarded by persuasive imagery while persuasive imagery while not exactly not exactly schooled in visual literacyschooled in visual literacy a lot of this a lot of this messaging skips right past the messaging skips right past the messaging filter and goes directly messaging filter and goes directly into our heads.”into our heads.”

Bag New NotesBag New Notesa blog about visual literacy & newsa blog about visual literacy & news

(ELA)

Social Social StudiesStudies

HealthHealth ArtArt

Mass mediaMass media

PropagandaPropaganda

Media/politicsMedia/politics

Primary Primary sourcessources(images)(images)

ATOD ATOD advertising & advertising & marketing marketing techniquestechniques

Visual literacyVisual literacy

What is “close reading”?What is “close reading”?

What is “close reading”?What is “close reading”?

Detective (asking questions)=

Emphasis: observation, evidence

What is “close reading”?What is “close reading”?

When close reading a media text, When close reading a media text, you deconstruct (take apart) the text you deconstruct (take apart) the text by by analyzinganalyzing the way different the way different elementselements are used to create are used to create meaning.meaning.

In order to “close read” a text, it is In order to “close read” a text, it is necessary to understand the necessary to understand the particular particular media languagemedia language used. used.

Media LanguageMedia Language

Media language encompasses all Media language encompasses all the ways the ways in which media text is constructedin which media text is constructed to tocommunicate with an audience, throughcommunicate with an audience, throughverbal, visual, aural language verbal, visual, aural language (e.g. lighting, layout, shots, typography,(e.g. lighting, layout, shots, typography,images, sound). images, sound).

Source: http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/nqfdocs/ncea-resource/achievements/2011/as90277.pdf

Frank Baker’s ApproachFrank Baker’s Approach

Visual Literacy Visual Literacy (reading images)(reading images)

Advertising Literacy Advertising Literacy (reading ads)(reading ads)

Moving Image Literacy Moving Image Literacy (reading video/film)(reading video/film)

Visual LiteracyVisual Literacy

Arts advocates have echoed this recommendation, emphasizing the idea that visual literacy is a component of overall literacy, and that responding thoughtfully and critically to a painting, film, or performance hones the same skills of analysis and interpretation that are strengthened by the close reading of a

text. (Zuckerman, 2012; Munson, 2012).

Source: The Arts & Common Core

entire chapter on entire chapter on

visual literacy available onlinevisual literacy available online

http://www.iste.org/images/excerpts/MEDLIT-excerpt.pdf

Visual LiteracyVisual Literacy

Grade 6 Grade 6 Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or Analyze in detail how a key individual, event, or idea is introduced, idea is introduced, illustratedillustrated, and elaborated in a , and elaborated in a texttext

Grade 9-10 Grade 9-10 Analyze the representation of a subject or a key Analyze the representation of a subject or a key scene in two different scene in two different artistic mediumsartistic mediums, including , including what is emphasized or absent in each treatmentwhat is emphasized or absent in each treatment

Visual LiteracyVisual Literacy

“ “Teachers must value, Teachers must value, draw attention to, and draw attention to, and explore illustrations explore illustrations and artistic devices and artistic devices illustrators utilize to illustrators utilize to facilitate visual facilitate visual literacy ….”literacy ….”

Source: Picture This: Visual Literacy as a Pathway to Character Understanding,Reading Teacher, November 2012

http://tinyurl.com/8542cyc

From: Critical Thinking, Reading, and Writing: A Brief Guide to Argument

http://www.quebecpress.com/pmcodes/fop.pdf

Jack & The Beanstalk

“Migrant Mother” by Dorothea Lange

“Picturing America” Teacher Guide

“Migrant Mother” by Dorothea Lange

“Mount Williamson (CA)” by Ansel Adams

Investigating ImagesInvestigating Images

“ “Polioptics: The Art and Science of How We Are Polioptics: The Art and Science of How We Are Influenced By Image and Imagemakers” Influenced By Image and Imagemakers” by Josh Kingby Josh King

http://www.polioptics.com/

ActivityActivity

1.1. Each group receives an imageEach group receives an image

2.2. Using the Using the Photo Analysis WorksheetPhoto Analysis Worksheet,,

complete it in the allotted time complete it in the allotted time

3. Be prepared to 3. Be prepared to share your observationsshare your observations

if/when Frank calls on youif/when Frank calls on you

link to images

Graphic NovelsGraphic Novels

Questions/BreakQuestions/Break

AdvertisingAdvertising

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sookW2_DTvQ

Photo tagging Photo tagging (in-image ads)(in-image ads)

How many products can youidentify based on ONE letter?

AdvertisingAdvertising College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading“Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.”

Speaking & Listening Standards (Grade 8)

“Analyze the purpose of information presented in diverse media and formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively, orally) and evaluate the motives (e.g., social, commercial, political) behind its presentation.”

Encouraging students toEncouraging students tothink like advertisersthink like advertisers

Who is my audience? (demographic)Who is my audience? (demographic) What media do they attend to?What media do they attend to? How do I get my product/service in How do I get my product/service in

front of their eyes?front of their eyes? What design technique will be What design technique will be

appealing, attractive and persuasive?appealing, attractive and persuasive? What high profile person or event can What high profile person or event can

I associate with? (Super Bowl)I associate with? (Super Bowl) What’s the best way to reach them?What’s the best way to reach them? How can I get them to commit (buy)?How can I get them to commit (buy)?

What ads promise…What ads promise…

HealthHealth WealthWealth LoveLove HappinessHappiness SecuritySecurity EscapeEscape RelaxationRelaxation CoolCool

FriendshipFriendship WarmthWarmth SafetySafety AdventureAdventure CompanionshipCompanionship EntertainmentEntertainment SavingsSavings ComfortComfort

How to “read” an adHow to “read” an ad

Source: Children’s Media Project

Source: Children’s Media Project

How to “read” an adHow to “read” an ad

Frank’s Recommended ApproachFrank’s Recommended Approach Read every word on the pageRead every word on the page Make note of any unknown words Make note of any unknown words

or phrasesor phrases Make a list of every imageMake a list of every image Consider: layout, design, colorConsider: layout, design, color

SloganSlogan NarrativeNarrative ColorColor POVPOV PowerPower Techniques ofTechniques ofpersuasionpersuasion LayoutLayout SubtextSubtext Eye Eye

MovementMovement

Who Who createdcreated the ad?the ad?

What is the What is the purposepurpose??

What What techniques techniques grab your grab your attention?attention?

What is What is omittedomitted??

Who is the Who is the audienceaudience??

WhereWhere was the was the ad published?ad published?

Ad Topics for InstructionAd Topics for Instruction AdvergamingAdvergaming AlcoholAlcohol CelebrityCelebrity CosmeticsCosmetics Credit CardsCredit Cards Dieting Dieting (weight loss)(weight loss)

Junk FoodJunk Food Movies Movies (Oscars)(Oscars)

ParodyParody

PoliticsPolitics Prescription DrugsPrescription Drugs Product PlacementProduct Placement PSAPSA Sexual MessagesSexual Messages Sports Sports (Super Bowl)(Super Bowl)

Tobacco productsTobacco products ToysToys

VoiceThreadVoiceThread

Source: Source: http://ed.voicethread.com/share/663006/

CommercialsCommercials

Cell Phone CommercialCell Phone Commercial

First, Close your eyes and listen.First, Close your eyes and listen.

After, write down everything you After, write down everything you heard.heard.

This is included in one of my on-line lesson plans.

Pre Viewing QuestionsPre Viewing Questions

1. What is the location?1. What is the location?2. What time of day?2. What time of day?3. What role does the 3. What role does the music play?music play?4. Notice expressions 4. Notice expressions of the customer/cashierof the customer/cashier5. What is omitted?5. What is omitted?6. What is implied?6. What is implied?

VISAVISACHECKCARDCHECKCARDADAD

BREAKBREAK

Moving ImagesMoving Images

PSA ProductionPSA Production

Film is related to..Film is related to..

TheatreTheatre PaintingPainting LiteratureLiterature

settingsetting

designdesignlightinglightingcostumecostumevoicevoicemusic/sfxmusic/sfx

lineline

compositioncomposition

shapeshape

texturetexturelightlightcolorcolor

rhythmrhythmscale/proportionscale/proportionillusion of illusion of space/depth/unityspace/depth/unity

narrativenarrative

charactercharactersettingsetting

symbolismsymbolism

metaphormetaphor

Source: Flicks Studying Film As Text

Film is related to Film is related to STEM….STEM….

Art of AnimationArt of Animation

The Language(s) of FilmThe Language(s) of Filmtools & techniques which imply meaningtools & techniques which imply meaning

The Language(s) of FilmThe Language(s) of Filmtools & techniques which imply meaningtools & techniques which imply meaning

CamerasCameras LightsLights AudioAudio Post-production (editing, sfx, etc)Post-production (editing, sfx, etc) Set designSet design Actors: expressions; body language;Actors: expressions; body language;

costume; makeupcostume; makeup

Language of FilmLanguage of Film Academy Awards CategoryAcademy Awards Category

Cameras; Lights Cameras; Lights Cinematography; Directing Cinematography; Directing

Audio Audio Music; Sound Editing; Sound Mixing Music; Sound Editing; Sound Mixing

Set Design Set Design Production Design Production Design

Post Production Post Production Film Editing; Visual Effects Film Editing; Visual Effects

Actors Actors Best Actor, Best ActressBest Actor, Best ActressSupporting Actor; Supporting ActressSupporting Actor; Supporting ActressCostume Design; Makeup & Costume Design; Makeup & Hairstyling Hairstyling

“Anna Karenina”Oscar for Costume Design

“Life of Pi”Oscars for Cinematography/

Visual Effects/Directing

“Les Misérables” Oscars: Makeup,Hairstyle/Sound Mixing

“Zero Dark Thirty”/”Skyfall”Oscars: Sound Editing

Your Favorite Film?Your Favorite Film?

Spend a few minutes writing a Spend a few minutes writing a paragraph about a memorable scene paragraph about a memorable scene from your favorite filmfrom your favorite film

Be prepared to shareBe prepared to share

“To Kill A Mockingbird,” (Universal, 1962)

Questions Students Should Questions Students Should ConsiderConsider

What is the What is the purposepurpose of the film and how is it of the film and how is it structured to suit this purpose? structured to suit this purpose?

What What devicesdevices are used to engage the audience? are used to engage the audience? What do you think the What do you think the central character(s)central character(s) is is

feeling at key points and how has the filmmaker feeling at key points and how has the filmmaker shown the audience their point of view? shown the audience their point of view?

What is the What is the settingsetting and why do you think the and why do you think the filmmaker chose it? filmmaker chose it?

What do you think is What do you think is the messagethe message of the film and of the film and how has it been communicated? how has it been communicated?

How does the How does the soundtrack affectsoundtrack affect your viewing of your viewing of certain sequences in the film?certain sequences in the film?

CC.7.R.L.7 Integration of Knowledge & IdeasCC.7.R.L.7 Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Compare and contrast a story, drama, or poem Compare and contrast a story, drama, or poem

to its audio, filmed, staged, or multimedia to its audio, filmed, staged, or multimedia version, version, analyzing the effects of analyzing the effects of techniquestechniques unique to each medium (e.g., unique to each medium (e.g., lighting, sound, color, or camera focus lighting, sound, color, or camera focus and anglesand angles in a film). in a film).

CC.8.R.L.7 Integration of Knowledge & IdeasCC.8.R.L.7 Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Analyze the extent to which a filmed or live Analyze the extent to which a filmed or live

production of a story or drama stays faithful to production of a story or drama stays faithful to or departs from the text or script, or departs from the text or script, evaluating evaluating the choice made by the directorthe choice made by the director or actorsor actors..

Lesson Plan: Creating A Floor Plan Lesson Plan: Creating A Floor Plan for "To Kill A Mockingbird" for "To Kill A Mockingbird"

Courtroom SceneCourtroom Scene

http://www.frankwbaker.com/tkam_lesson_plan_floor_plan

How to “read” a filmHow to “read” a film

Close reading involves Close reading involves “deconstructing” the text and in film “deconstructing” the text and in film that means understanding film that means understanding film terminology.terminology.

sound, camera angle, design, editing

the way language is used: both written and spoken

are like codes within the narrative

Beginning, middle and end

protagonist, antagonist, heroine, authoritative, helper, mentor

opposing forces (theory)

Roger Ebert, film criticadvocated

frame analysis

“Casablanca” (1942)

ActivityActivity

How Films CommunicateHow Films Communicate

How Films CommunicateHow Films Communicate

CostumesExpressions

LightingCamera Angles

Rule-of-thirds

Camera Focus Color Symbolism

Lighting

“To Kill A Mockingbird”

“Citizen Kane” “Pleasantville” “The Wizard of Oz”

Great Gatsby: CostumesGreat Gatsby: Costumes

May 17, 2013

In what ways does the director In what ways does the director make the scene appear authentic?make the scene appear authentic?

Movies As History?Movies As History?

Adaptations:Adaptations:From Page to ScreenFrom Page to Screen

Group 1Group 1Storyboard from POV of store managerStoryboard from POV of store manager

Group 2Group 2

Storyboard from POV of Opal (girl)Storyboard from POV of Opal (girl)

Group 3Group 3Storyboard from POV of the dogStoryboard from POV of the dog

Grocery Store SceneGrocery Store Scene

www.frankwbaker.com/dvd_project

From the DVD: Harry Potter & The Order of the Phoenix

BREAKBREAK

Recommended TextsRecommended Texts

Free Disney iBookFree Disney iBook

ResourcesResources

www.movieclips.comwww.movieclips.com Working Hollywood Working Hollywood

ResourcesResources

http://www.techlearning.com/Default.aspx?tabid=67&entryid=5715

ResourcesResourcesStreaming Video Clips for Teaching About Media

www.frankwbaker.com/streaming_mlwww.frankwbaker.com/streaming_mlApps For Teaching Media

www.frankwbaker.com/online_interactive_ml_resources.htmwww.frankwbaker.com/online_interactive_ml_resources.htm

Media LiteracyMedia Literacy

Frank W. BakerFrank W. Bakermedia ed consultantmedia ed consultant

fbaker1346@aol.com fbaker1346@aol.com Twitter @fbakerTwitter @fbaker

June 19, 2013