BY:

FETEJOHN SEÑO ABRENCILLO

BSMT- IBSEPTEMBER 06, 2012

Medical Engineering

Medical Engineering

- a field of study of biomedical engineering and technologic concepts applied to develop equipment and instruments required in health care delivery.

- is alternatively called Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering.

- is a multi-disciplinary subject integrating professional engineering activities with a basic medical knowledge of the human body and an understanding of how it functions when healthy, diseased or injured.

Medical Engineering

- seeks to close the gap between engineering and medicine

- combines the design and problem solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences to improve healthcare diagnosis, monitoring and therapy.

MEDICAL ENGINEERING

ORIGIN OF WORDSMedical- a latin word means “healing”Engineering- Latin word “ingeniare”, which

means to devise in the sense of construct, or craftsmanship technology.

So MEDICAL ENGINEERING means healing using constructed technology.

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Biomedical Electronics- medically detailed study of electronics

Biomechatronics- advance technologies that promise to accelerate the merging of body and machine, including device architectures that resemble the body's own musculoskeletal design,

Bioinstrumentation- the recording or transmission of physiological information, such as breathing rate or heart rate.

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Biomaterials- the study of any matter, surface, or construct that interacts with biological systems.

Biomechanics-the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells by means of the methods of mechanics

Bionics-s the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern Technology.[

Cellular, Tissue, and Genetic Engineering-use of a combination of cells, genes, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physio-chemical factors to improve or replace biological functions.

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Clinical Engineering-specialty within Biomedical engineering responsible primarily for applying and implementing medical technology to optimize healthcare delivery.

Medical Imaging-the technique and process used to create images of the human body (or parts and function thereof) for clinical purposes (medical procedures seeking to reveal, diagnose, or examine disease) or medical science (including the study of normal anatomy and physiology)

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Clinical Engineering-specialty within Biomedical engineering responsible primarily for applying and implementing medical technology to optimize healthcare delivery.

Medical Imaging-the technique and process used to create images of the human body (or parts and function thereof) for clinical purposes (medical procedures seeking to reveal, diagnose, or examine disease) or medical science (including the study of normal anatomy and physiology)

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Orthopaedic Bioengineering-focused on understanding the micro-nano level physical mechanisms involved in the control of bone and tissue growth.

Rehabilitation engineering-is the systematic application of engineering sciences to design, develop, adapt, test, evaluate, apply, and distribute technological solutions to problems confronted by individuals with disabilities.

Subdisciplines within biomedical engineering or the SUBFIELDS

Systems Physiology-a scientific discipline devoted to understanding the functions of the body

Bionanotechnology-the biological manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale.

Neural Engineering-uses engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, enhance, or otherwise exploit the properties of neural systems.

Sometimes, disciplines within BME are classified by their association(s) with other, more established engineering fields, which can include:

Chemical engineering - often associated with biochemical, cellular, molecular and tissue engineering, biomaterials.

Electrical engineering - often associated with bioelectrical and neural engineering, bioinstrumentation, biomedical imaging, and medical devices. This also tends to encompass Optics and Optical engineering - biomedical optics, imaging and related medical devices.

Mechanical engineering- often associated with biomechanics, biotransport, medical devices, and modeling of biological systems, like soft tissue mechanics.

Biomedical Engineers

- Licensed persons who perform tasks in Biomedical engineering.

Roles Of A Biomedical Engineer In A Hospital

Advise and assist in the application of instrumentation in clinical environments.

Provide leadership, guidance, support and supervision to the section staff and takes responsibility in the day to day operation of the clinics.

Evaluate the safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of biomedical equipment.

Ensure that all medical equipment is properly maintained and documented.

Provide engineering and technical expertise on all matters related to medical technology, especially in the process of planning,review,evaluation,specifications of medical equipment.

Install, adjust, maintain, and/or repair biomedical equipment. Evaluate, negotiate and manage service contracts.

Roles Of A Biomedical Engineer In A Hospital

Adapt or design computer hardware or software for medical science uses.

Develop and provide a comprehensive in-service education program on the safe and effective use of medical equipment both medical and nursing staff.

Advise hospital administrators on the planning, acquisition, and use of medical equipment.

Develop and implement short and long time strategies for the development and direction of the department to effectively manage medical equipment and technology in the clinics.

Minimize, investigate and rectify hazard risks associated with medical equipment use.

Perform other duties within the scope of the job and his technical capacity and expertise.

Branches of Medical Engineering

Chemical EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringBiotechnologyTissue EngineeringGenetic EngineeringNeural EngineeringPharmaceutical EngineeringClinical Engineering

Chemical Engineering

-associated with biochemical, cellular, molecular and tissue engineering, biomaterials,

Electrical Engineering

biomechanics, biotransport, medical devices, and modelling of biological systems, like soft tissue mechanics using the application of electricity.

Mechanical Engineering

-associated with bioelectrical and neural engineering, bioinstrumentation, biomedical imaging, and medical devices. This also tends to encompass Optics and Optical engineering - biomedical optics, imaging and related medical devices

Biotechnology

is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts.

Tissue Engineering

Use to create artificial organs (via biological material) for patients that need organ transplants

Genetic Engineering

-terms that apply to the direct manipulation of an organism's genes.

Neural Engineering

(also known as Neuro engineering) is a discipline within biomedical engineering that uses engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, enhance, or otherwise exploit the properties of neural systems

Pharmaceutical Engineering

is sometimes regarded as a branch of biomedical engineering, and sometimes a branch of chemical engineering; in practice, it is very much a hybrid sub-discipline.

Clinical Engineering

the branch of biomedical engineering dealing with the actual implementation of medical equipment and technologies in hospitals or other clinical settings.

MEDICAL DEVICES

is an instrument, apparatus, implant, which is intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or intended to affect the structure or any function of the body and which does not achieve any of its primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body.

Uses of Medical Devices

the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or

in the cure, treatment, or prevention of disease

Medical devices are regulated and classified as follows:

Class I- tongue depressor, elastic bands,

examination gloves

Class II- powered wheelchairs, infusion pumps,

and surgical drapes. Class III

- replacement heart valves, hip and knee joint implants, silicone gel-filled breast implants,

Class I Class II Class III

Medical devices: Medical Imaging

a major segment of medical devices. This area deals with enabling clinicians to directly or indirectly "view" things not visible in plain sight (such as due to their size, and/or location).

X-Ray MachineMRI

CT Scan

Medical Devices: Implants

- a kind of medical device made to replace and act as a missing biological structure (as compared with a transplant, which indicates transplanted biomedical tissue).

References:

Wikipedia, the free encyclopediawww.science-engineering.net

Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier.

Pegbrush.com is the official website of Medical Engineering

http://www.engin.umich.edu/ Encarta Encyclopedia 2008

THANK YOU!!!