medical tourism – malaysia - world health summit · pdf filemedical tourism - malaysia...

Medical Tourism – Malaysia

Tan Sri Dato‘ Dr Abu Bakar Suleiman

President

International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Medical Tourism - Malaysia

• Development of Medical Tourism – Malaysia

• Medical Tourism Revenue, Arrivals, Costs

• Study on Medical Tourism – Kuala Lumpur

• Quality

• Medical Tourism

– Impact on equity, quality, efficiency

1


Definition

•All activities related to travel and hosting a

tourist who stays at least one night at the

destination region, for the purpose of

maintaining, improving or restoring health

through medical intervention

(G Musa, U. Malaya)

Source:http://www.mpc.gov.my/mpc/images/file/Highlights/APIC_Paper%20Presentation/Goi

ng_Global_Medical_Tourism.pdf

2


•Have always been part of the healthcare

services provided, but was a very small part of

the workload

•Tended to be localised to towns with

traditional links with neighbouring countries eg

Penang, Malacca

3


•Started to be given prominence after

1997/1998 Asian Financial crisis, with

collection of relevant data

•Included in government planning agenda,

which included relevant interaction between

government agencies and industry members

involved

4


Government

•Extension of visa period for health patients

•Tax incentive to refurbish wards, rooms in

private hospitals

•Tax exemption to private hospital to expand,

modernise, refurbish

•Ministry of Health developed health tourism

website in 2010 – information on products,

prices, location of healthcare services

•Malaysia Healthcare Travel Council formed in

20095

Medical Tourism Receipts/Revenue in Malaysia, 2000-2011

Source: Malaysia Healthcare Travel Council; “Medical Tourism and the state in Malaysia

and Singapore, National University of Singapore“, Chee 2010

6

Medical Tourist Arrivals to Malaysia, 2011

Source: “Overview of the development of Malaysia Healthcare towards Medical Tourism“,

Dr Mary Wong Lai Lin, CEO of Malaysia Healthcare Tourism Council, 2012

7

Comparison of Healthcare Travelers from Top 20 Country of Origin

No Country of Origin

Healthcare Travellers Increase from previous year (%)

2010 2011

1 Indonesia 261,177 335,150 28.32

2 India 16,940 18,604 9.82

3 Japan 14,937 16,111 7.85

4 United

Kingdom

8,254 12,704 53.91

5 China and

Hong Kong

7,941 11,886 49.68

6 United States 7,557 10,584 40.05

7 Australia 7,157 9,678 35.22

8 Iran 3,374 8,836 161.88

9 Libyan Arab

Jamahiriya

6,008 7,225 20.25

10 Nepal 3,179 6,727 111.60 8

Comparison of Healthcare Travelers from Top 20 Country of Origin

No Country of Origin

Healthcare Travellers Increase from previous year (%)

2010 2011

11 Saudia Arabia 5,069 6,580 29.80

12 Myanmar 3,161 5.885 86.17

13 Singapore 4,307 5,879 36.49

14 Philippines 4,143 5,602 35.21

15 Virgin Islands,

British

1,151 5,479 376.02

16 Others 7,305 5,367 -26.52

17 Bangladesh 3,332 5,071 52.19

18 Germany 3,375 3,991 18.25

19 Korea, Republic

of

1,706 3,521 106.38

20 France 2,407 3,394 41.00 9

Total Number of Foreign Patients in Malaysia

Source: Malaysia Healthcare Travel Council; “Medical Tourism and the state in Malaysia

and Singapore, National University of Singapore“, Chee 2010

10

Price of Selected Medical Procedures in the US, Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia (In US$)

Source: Woodman (2007), as cited in Malaysia Healthcare Travel Council 2012

11


•Empirical study on Medical Tourism in Kuala

Lumpur – sample of 5 hospitals

(G Musa, U. Malaya, 2011)Source:

http://www.mpc.gov.my/mpc/images/file/Highlights/APIC_Paper%20Presentation/Going_Glo

bal_Medical_Tourism.pdf

•400 questionnaires, 138 completed (34.5%)

12

Health Tourist Profiles – Kuala Lumpur

Female 56.5% Male 42.8%

Cosmetic Surgery

20.3% Female 89.3%

Between 21-60 years old

79.7%

SE Asia 52.2% Australia 5.1%

European 18.1% New Zealand 5.1%

13

Pull factors

•“Value for money”

•‘Excellent medical services’ and supporting

services

•Cultural similarity – important to ASEAN

tourists, but not to others

14

Quality

•National Register of Specialists

•Ministry of Health & Academy of Medicine Malaysia

– Qualifications

– Training

– Experience

•Accreditation of Medical Schools

– Malaysian Medical Council, 1997 with support of ECFMG, USA

•Accreditation of Hospitals

– Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH), 1998, (based on Australian Standards)

15

MSQH

• ISQua Accreditation certification on MSQH

Surveyor Training Program December 2011-

November 2015

• ISQua Accreditation certification on

standards

June 2012-May 2016

• ISQua Accreditation certification for

organisation

June 2012-May 201616

Accreditation of Hospitals

• MSQH (February 2013)

• Joint Commission International

• MSQH, JCI – accredited by ISQua

–International standards

–JCI – hospitals that market internationally17

Government hospitals 60

Private hospitals 30

2011 9

2012 6

Malaysia – Comparative Advantages

• Lower labour costs

• Large skilled work force

• Facility with English language

• Availability of alternative therapies

• Attractive natural environment

• Health facility, technology18

Medical TourismImpact on equity, quality, efficiencyEquity

•Affected if gains largely benefit the well to do

•Poor can only benefit with better access to healthcare if resources were reallocated in public sector when well to do make greater use of private sector

•Brain drain to private sector – problem for public sector

•Two tier health system to be avoided

19

Medical TourismImpact on equity, quality, efficiencyQuality

• Improvements with superior management, better information systems, foreign investment and expertise

• Through better standards of service, superior health outcomes

• Not through influx of technology

• Need for proper regulatory environmental

Under regulated environment – detrimental to overall equity and efficiency of healthcare system 20

Medical TourismImpact on equity, quality, efficiencyEfficiency

•Avoid a two-tier health system

•Effective regulatory framework to ensure

overall equity and efficiency of health sector

•Need for clear national policies on healthcare

and health financing

21

Medical Tourism Malaysia

• Growing contribution to the economy

• Heightened concern on quality of healthcare

services by authorities beyond Healthcare

sector

• Potential issues of concern:

– Equity, efficiency of healthcare services

– Avoid two tier healthcare system

– Need for clear policies on healthcare

financing22

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