meena social development
TRANSCRIPT
ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH
Social development
Family
influence
Family influence
• The single most influential factor in the development of
adolescents is the family.
• In terms of social development, there is a constant
friction of adolescent with their parents, siblings and
relatives.
• Among family members parents, of course, play the
most critical role.
Parent –adolescent relationships
Parent –adolescent
relationships• In terms of communication negotiations centering
around three main dialectical forces at work in the
parent-adolescent relationship. These forces are
autonomy versus connection, privacy versus open
boundaries, and an inter-individual versus intergroup
dimension
It is suggested that conceptualizing parent-adolescent
communications dynamic and procession across the
short and long term may be more useful than focusing on
the parent-as-agent or issuing recipes for successful
communication with adolescents.
Parents, in turn gain satisfaction by knowing that their
children need them and depend upon them. Adolescents
need to break the emotional dependence of childhood
and re-establish more reciprocal adult ties with parents.
Puberty demands drastic emotional readjustment. Up until puberty, children in emotionally healthy families have formed close, dependent, emotional attachments with their parents. Children have depended primarily on their parents to meet the needs for love, affection, approval, and support.
However sometimes disagreements may occur with parents in terms of the following:
•Values – Parents and adolescents are
facing a conflict of values. Usually there is a large amount of congruence between parents and adolescents on such values as educational goals, career issues, religious beliefs, political beliefs and values; there are conflicts that exist within the individual.
ROLE OF PARENTS IN
GUIDING ADOLESCENTS
Adolescence is an important period of growth in
which, ideally, a healthy transition from dependence
on family occurs, young people are increasingly
less likely to need family involvement and support in
their lives.
adolescent relationships with parents move tointer-dependence, resulting in reciprocally
supportive and connected networks not just with
family members, but also friends, partners,
colleagues and others
The role of parents in an adolescent's
life, protective factors - such as
providing a being secure base,
caring, providing a feeling of
connectedness and being valued,
providing support and giving a sense
of belonging - are linked to positive
outcomes in adolescence and beyond .
For example, one longitudinal study in the US showed
that adolescents who felt highly valued and were able to
confide in family members at age 15 had substantially
reduced risks for mental illness at age 30.The benefits of
parental monitoring and limit-setting are also
emphasized within the literature.
with poor parental monitoring clearly linked to negative
outcomes in adolescence, such as antisocial behavior,
substance use and sexual risk-taking The limits set by
parental monitoring, however, may provoke tension as
the adolescent negotiates the struggle between
developing their autonomy while continuing to have
close bonds with their parents .
peer relationships or
friendships
peer relationships or
friendships
Friendship is a factor in the socialization of
adolescents. It plays an important role in the quest for
self-knowledge and self-definition.
Friends are sources of companionship and recreation, share advice and valued possessions, serve as trusted confidants and critics, act as loyal allies and provide stability in times of stress or transition.
•The adolescent desires emotional independence and part of emotional fulfillment from friends that was earlier provided by the family.
•Through interaction with peers, adolescents learn how to resolve differences in ways other than direct aggression. Observing how peers deal with conflicts could be helpful in learning assertive behavior,
•Also through conversation and debate with peers, adolescents learn to improve socials skills, develop reasoning abilities and learn to express feelings in more mature ways.
• Sexual attitudes and sex-role behaviors are shaped primarily through peer interaction.
• Peer groups also help adolescents evaluate the values of his or her peers and decide what is right, thus helping them to strengthen their moral judgment and values.
Autonomy in adolescence - individual movement toward adult
status, making one's own decisions and living with the
consequences, emotional detachment, financial semi-
independence, disengagement from parents, school affiliations,
and so on.
Autonomy
Adolescent cliques are cliques that develop
amongst adolescents. "clique" is used to
describe a group of 2 to 12 (averaging 5 or 6)
"persons who interact with each other more
regularly and intensely than others in the same
setting Cliques are distinguished from "crowds" in
that their members interact with one another .with
cliques is part of normative social development
regardless of gender, ethnicity, or popularity.
1) Crowds and the way they are categorized help adolescents
learn about the alternative social identities that are available to
them.
2) The crowd adolescents belong to strongly influence whom
they are likely to meet and spend time with.
3) Crowds shape their members interpersonal relations.
Thank youPresented by
Meenakski B