mek4450 dnv 03 drilling and well head.ppt - uio.no · pdf filednv-os-f201 dnv-rp-f206 control...
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August 2012
MEK4450
03 Drilling and Wellhead Systems
© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Subsea Drilling and Wellhead Systems
This module will cover:
Applicable codes and standards
Reservoir Engineering
Subsea Wells
Subsea Well Program
Wellhead Equipment
Deepwater drilling
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Goals
Understand the premises and interfaces to the drilling activity
To understand the main building blocks in a well
To be able to participate in debates regarding drilling activity and well architecture
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Standards Overview
Wellhead/XT:API 6aAPI 17dISO 10423ISO 13628-4
BOPISO 13628-7NORSOK D-001NORSOK D-010API Spec 6AAPI Spec 16AAPI RP 16EAPI RP 53API 16dAPI Spec 16C
Casing Tubing, DownholeISO 11960API 5ct(2)(3)API 14a(b)(h)(j)ISO 10426-1 (cement)
Drilling Equip.API 7KAPI RP 64API 4FAPI 8CDNV-OS-E101
GeneralISO 13628-1NORSOK D-001NORSOK D-010NORSOK U-001OLF Guideline 070PSA NorwayDNV-OS-C101
Riser/UmbilicalsISO 13628-2ISO 13628-3ISO 13628-5ISO 13628-7API RP 16QAPI Spec 16R DNV-OSS-302DNV-OS-F201DNV-RP-F206
Control SystemsISO 13628-6API Spec 16D
Well FoundationAPI RP 2A
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Applicable codes and standards
Main codes for wellhead and drilling:
API 6A/ISO 10423 Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment
API 17D/ISO 13628-4 Subsea wellhead and tree equipment
API 16A / ISO 13533 Specification for Drill-through Equipment
+ ASME, ISO, BS +++
NORSOK D-010
NORSOK U-001
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Reservoir Engineering
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Ormen Lange Reservoir, 350 km2 2000 meter below seabed:
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Subsea WellsThe main development well types:
Exploration wells
Production wells (oil, gas)
Injection wells (water, gas)
Well design through the reservoir:
Vertical
Deviated
Horizontal
Multi branch (side-track)
Enhanced Recovery:
Water injection
Gas injection
WAG; water alternating gas injection
Artificial lift
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Subsea Well Program
Typical Subsea Well Program:
Drill 36” hole to ~80m
Run and cement 30” Conductor
Drill 26” hole to ~800m
Run and cement 20” casing with 18 3/4” (link) WH
Run Blow-out-preventer (BOP)
Drill 17 ½” hole to ~1300m
Run and cement 13 3/8” Casing
Drill 12 1/4” hole to ~1700m
Run and cement 9 5/8” Casing
Drill 8 ½” hole to ~2000m
Clean up well
Abandon well (run plug or close valve)
Proceed to completion operations
This program can be a 100 days plan
BOP
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
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Xmas Tree Systems
Typical Tree Installation Sequence:
Install Xmas Tree on Wellhead using drill string and Tree Running Tool (TRT)
Recover TRT
Run BOP and marine riser
Remove down hole plugs
Run completion / production tubing
Perforate tubing at reservoir depth
Inhibit well and prepare to abandon
Install internal tree cap
Retrieve marine riser and BOP
Drill rig moves to next well
Flowlines and flying leads installed by Rig or installation vessel
XTXT
BOP
© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
UNSTABLEROGALANDSHALES
RESERVOIR
18-3/4" wellhead
36"/30" conductor at 940 mTVD
13-3/8 x 13-5/8" intermediate casing set in17 1/2" hole at 2100 - 2200m TVD.
7 " lower completion.
20" surface casing at 1600mTVD
36" conductor housing
18 3/4" X 7" X 2" tubing hanger
2 x 7" TRSSSV’s
18 3/4" X 13 3/8" casing hanger
9 5/8" liner in 12 1/4" hole to top reservoir at2705m TVD over sail section, to prevent shale
9-5/8 x 7" production packer.9-5/8 x 13-3/8" liner hanger.
9-5/8" production tubing, with production packer setbelow 9 5/8" liner lap.7" tail pipe available for deep set plugs anddownhole gauge positioning.
9-5/8" x 7" lower completion packer
9-5/8 x 7" full bore isolation valve
7" formation isolation valve
Well Completion - sample
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
TVD vs. MD
TVD – True Measured Depth
MD – Measured Depth
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Wellhead Equipment
18 ¾” Wellhead Housing
30” Conductor Housing
9 5/8” Casing Hanger
18 ¾” Packoff
(Annulus seal assembly)
13 3/8” Casing Hanger
Drilling Guide Base
The wellhead system suspends the casing and serve as a barrier for well fluids against the environment.
There are 5 main suppliers of subsea Wellhead systems:
- GE Oil & Gas (ex. Vetco Gray)
- FMC
- Aker Solutions
- Drill-Quip
- Cameron
The wellheads are usually designed according to API 17D (ISO13628-4) and API 6A (ISO10423).
The 18 3/4 ” Wellhead Housing often has a H4 Vetco external profile for subsea wells.
The internal seal and locking profiles are supplier specific.
Main Components:
Casing Diagram
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Wellhead Equipment
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Deepwater Drilling
An increasing number of the subsea wells worldwide are located in deepwater. Deepwater is usually defined as water depths from 300 – 1500 m, with greater than 1500 m water depth classified as ultra deepwater. These depths impose significant challenges with respect to subsea drilling.
Existing drilling rigs allow for drilling in water depths in the order of 2400 m. New generation drill rigs and drill ships are being designed for water depths beyond 3000 m.
In deep water, drilling requires very heavy equipment, drilling operations and well control procedures are more difficult and well costs can rise dramatically.
The following new techniques are considered to have a significant impact on the subsea well construction costs:
• Under balanced drilling (The first contract in north sea awarded by Statoil)
• Riser less drilling or dual gradient drilling system
• Expandable casing strings
• Casing while drilling
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Mono Bore Drilling
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Buzz group
What are the main principles in order to get the oil and gas?
Please give details…- How do you get to the reservoir?
- How do you get the oil/gas out?
- Where does the oil/gas go from there?
- Think of some safety features in Drilling operations…
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Safeguarding life, property and the environment
www.dnv.com
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
30” Conductor Housing
BACKBACK
Wellhead Locking Profile
Running Profile
Flow by Port
Guidebase Landing Shoulder
Conductor Extension
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
18 3/4” Wellhead Housing
BACK
Lockdown ring
Vetco H4 Profile
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
13 3/8” Casing Hanger
BACK
13 3/8” Casing Pup Joint
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
9 5/8” Casing Hanger
BACK
Landing Shoulder
Fluted Centraliser
9 5/8” Casing Pup Joint
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
18 3/4” Pack-off
BACKLocking Mandrel
Metal Seal
Wellhead Lock Ring
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Drilling Guide Base
BACK
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Casing Diagram
BACK
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© Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.August 2012
Subsea BOP
BACK
Blowout.wmv
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