meljun cortes visual symbols
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MELJUN CORTES Visual symbolsTRANSCRIPT
VISUAL SYMBOLS
MELJUN CORTESMELJUN CORTES
Visual Symbols Are representations of direct reality,
which comes in the form of signs and symbols.
Kinds of Visual Symbols: Drawings Sketches Cartoons Comics or strip drawing Diagrams Charts and graphs Maps and poster
Rules of Thumbs in Using Visuals
1. Visuals must be directly relevant to the audio content.
2. Redundancy between visuals and audio be avoided. It words are displayed, viewers must be given time to read it.
3. Visual displays should be big enough to be seen by the farthest pupil.
Rules of Thumbs in Using Visuals
4. Visual displays must be attractive.5. Visual displays must be aesthetically
presented to maintain good taste.
Kinds of Visual Symbols:
1] CARTOONS- tell stories metaphorically through pictures, which need no captions. Symbolism conveys messages, less words more symbolism the better. The cartoon presents a certain or concern which could be either for or against it.
Suggestions for the use of cartoons:
a. Appropriateness to experience level. The age and the experience or maturity of the target learners must be taken into consideration.
b. Simplicity – contains only essential features. The cartoon must not contain so many details.
c. Brevity of captions if ever but they may not be given any. Short and direct captions are used when necessary only.
Suggestions for the use of cartoons:
d. Use of clear symbols. Use symbols that are conventional, like; the dove to mean peace; the owl to mean wisdom or education; the coffin to mean death; the turtle to mean slow or sluggishness and others.
e. Adequateness of size. The cartoon should be big enough to be seen and appreciated.
Cartoons could be used for motivation, for follow-up activity and for evaluation purposes.
2] POSTERS- A combination of bold designs and color primarily intended to catch attention on a significant fact, idea or message.
Characteristics of a good postera. It must be bold and simple but
dramatizes featuresb. It must be appropriate to the grade
level and to the subject and purpose or purposes.
c. It must have only limited text, few words are generally used and key words are made to standout by means of type size or position.
d. It must be attractive, pleasing to the eyes.
e. Design and color must be given consideration.
f. It must have elements of dynamism and shock.
Posters are best used for motivation and for creative experience as depicting ideas, concepts and generalization to summarize a celebration or a unit.
3] DRAWINGS AND SKETCHES - These are crude and simple lines,
which are effective in showing what needs to be shown with sufficient clarity, to make the meaning vivid to learners or students.
4] DIAGRAMS- Are simplified drawings designed to show interrelationship primarily by means of lines and symbols. They are used to explain rather than to represent. It is a drawing that shows arrangement and relationship, as parts to a whole, relative values, origins and developments, chronological flow, fluctuations and distributions.
5] CHARTS - are graphic or pictorial
representations of a large mass of information or show progression thru time and space of people or events, ideas and objects.
Kinds of charts and examples.a. Data chart – contains items of
information of all sorts especially quantitative data
b. Pictorial chart – use relevant pictures to present data or information on quantifiable data over a specific period or condition.
c. Schematic chart – shows a principle or a law as applied like that of refrigeration
d. Diagrammatic chart – verb chart is a popular example
e. Multiple leaf chart – internal working parts of a machine
f. Phantom chart – shows hidden parts of a machine without obliterating the outer parts.
g. Development or progress chart – profile of a place or a person
h. Table chart – bus trips i. Time and tabular chart –
presidents and their term of officej. Stream or tree chart – family treek. Flow or organizational chart –
school personnel chart, life cycle of a frog or the water cycyle
6] GRAPHS- Graphs present quantitative data for easier analysis and interpretation. It shows comparative relationship of data involved size, trends and growth. Graphs are best used in developing and summarizing a unit.
Kinds of graphs: line, bar, circle or pie, area or solid, pictorial statistics or pictograph
Kinds of graphs:1. Line graph – is the most accurate of all
graphs used in plotting trends of relationships between two series of data.
2. Bar graph – simplest of all graphs to read. They are represented either by vertical or horizontal bars. The lengths of the bar rep. an amount or percentage of data.
3. Circle or pie graph – the sections of which are used to represent component parts of a whole. They always present total amounts, their parts or segments are calculated in percentage or fractional parts of a whole.
4. Area or Solid graphs – use for the simplest quantitative comparison thru the use of geometric shapes. It is used compare two or three related totals.
5. Pictorial Statistics or pictograph – it makes use of related pictures in showing quantitative data. Pictures give realism and interest so it is widely used specially in the elementary grades.
7] STRIP DRAWING OR COMICS STRIPStrip drawings are recommended for their story value in adaptation of the classics. They are effective in instruction not only because they are simple, clear and easy to read but bec. they deal with materials that has been made personal.
Comics is a form of cartooning in which the same cast of characters form a story in sequence of closely related drawings designed to entertain the readers. They are usually enjoyed by elementary pupils as well as secondary students bec. of their simplicity, attractiveness, color and relevant plot.
Reasons for using comics strip1. It is easy to read so it encourages
reading2. It builds vocabulary3. It satisfies the collectors’ interest in
acquiring copies4. It provides excitement5. It is inexpensive6. It satisfies the children’s idea of art
8] MAPS- are usually shown on flat surface and are used to represent the surface of the earth or some parts of it, showing the relative size and position according to scale or projection and position represented
Maps according to content: physical map and polical map
Maps according to content: 1. Physical map – also called relief
maps, they are the best bec. of their three dimensional representations; which includes geographical outline of land and water. Commercial or economic maps- also known as product or industrial map since they show land area in relation to the economy.
2. Political map – shows national boundaries down to the smallest division.
Maps according to forma. Chalkboard outline mapb. Student outline mapsc. Projected mapsd. Wall maps (decorative maps)e. Atlas-collection of mapsf. Sand table mapg. Pictorial maps
Standards in judging maps
1. Visibility – details are clearly seen and read2. Detail – less detailed maps are better3. Scale – marks are clear, dependable and
easily interpreted4. Symbols – not too many to be remembered5. Color – should be used as an aid to reading it6. Accuracy – in terms of its specific purposes7. Grade level relevance8. Print – is legible or readable9. Durability – can stand several use
Enrichment Activity
Produce, cut or download samples of the above discussed visual symbols and create a lesson in your concentration course where could be used. Show this to class.