membrane assisted crystallization
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8/19/2019 MEMBRANE ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION
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MEMBRANE ASSISTEDCRYSTALLIZATION
Prepared by :
Upasana Wadhwani
Guided by :
Dr. Bina Sengupta
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INTRODUCTION
Crystallization is one of the oldest important separation andpurification process.
The crystallization process consists of two major events, nucleationand crystal growth.
Supersaturation is the driving force for crystallization.
As a result crystals of different shapes and sizes are obtained.
The control of crystal size and shape constitutes one of the majorchallenges in industries.
The interest in combining membrane operations and solutioncrystallization is motivated by the aim to develop more efficientcrystallization processes.
Membranes, with their intrinsic characteristics of efficiency andoperational simplicity leads to significant innovation in bothprocesses and products.
Herman Kramer-Influence of solubility characteristics on experimental application and energy saving potential from
http://www.academia.edu/13279506/Membrane-assisted-crystallization
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WHY MEMBRANES ?
Membranes are used due to their following properties
!perational simplicity
"igh selectivity
#ermeability for the transport of specific components
Compatibility between different membrane operations in integrated
systems $ow energetic re%uirement
&ood stability under operating conditions
'nvironmental compatibility
'asy control and scale(up
$arge operational fle)ibility
Enrico Drioli, Gianluca Di Profio, Efrem Curio. Membrane-Assisted Crstallization Technology-Vol 2;2013.
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WORKING OF MEMBRANE ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION
Based on the utilization of hydrophobic micro porous membranes.
The double nature of the membrane impedes the passage of the contacted solutionsthough the membrane in the liquid state allows the formation of a double
liquid/vapor interface on both the sides of the membrane.
A gradient of chemical potential between these two interfaces due to a temperature
and/or concentration differences is the driving force of the overall process.
Di Profio- Membrane crystallization technology: heterogeneous nucleation above the membrane surface fromhttp://www.itm.cnr.it/index.php/en/staff-2/2-non-categorizzato/95-highlights-di-profio-2
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MAIN FEATURES OF MEMBRANE ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION
!ell controlled nucleation and growth "inetics
#embrane surface promoting heterogeneous nucleation
$election of polymorphic forms
%educed energy consumption &ast crystallization rates and reduced induction time
Enrico Drioli, Gianluca Di Profio, Efrem Curio. Membrane-Assisted Crstallization Technology-Vol 2;2013.
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CONVENTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION VS MEMBRANE
ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION
CONVENTIONAL
CRYSTALLIZATION
MEMBRANE ASSISTED
CRYSTALLIZATION
There is no control over the shape and sizeof crystals formed.
#embranes help to form crystals of uniformshape and size.
There is a large variation in product quality
and infle'ibility of the process due to theentanglement of different phenomena suchas primary nucleation secondarynucleation and so on.
#embrane assisted crystallization improves
the product quality due to membranesintrinsic characteristics and also provides alarge operational fle'ibility.
The energy requirement is comparativelylarge.
(nergy requirement is comparatively low.
The product is not much stable under theoperating conditions.
)ood stability under the operating conditionsand environmental compatibility.
*rystallization rates are relatively low ascompared to membrane assistedcrystallization.
+rovides nucleation and crystal growth inseparate compartments and thus improvesthe crystallization rates.
Enrico Drioli, Gianluca Di Profio, Efrem Curio. Membrane-Assisted Crstallization Technology-Vol 2;2013.
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MEMBRANE ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES
*ialysis
+orward !smosis
Membrane distillation everse !smosis
Membrane Contactors
Membrane eactors
Solvent evaporation membrane crystallizer
Antisolvent membrane crystallizer
Support li%uid membranesMembrane Templates
MEMBRANE ASSISTED CRYSTALLIZATION CONFIGURATIONS
Enrico Drioli, Gianluca Di Profio, Efrem Curio. Membrane-Assisted Crstallization Technology-Vol 2;2013.
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MEMBRANE DISTILLATION
Membrane distillation is a thermally driven process.
he hydrophobic nature o! the membrane prevents the passage o!
li"uids through the pores# while allowing the passage o! volatilesolvent in vapor phase
he temperature gradient across the two sides causes solventvapor to di$use through the membrane and to condense on thecolder solution sur!ace.
he transport mechanism isbro%en down into threesteps:&. 'vaporation at the
membrane inter!ace atthe !eed side#
(. Migration o! thevapori)ed solventthrough the drymembrane pores# and
*. +ondensation on theopposite distillate side.
Lawson, K.W. and Lloyd, D.R. Membrane distillation, J. Membr. Sci., 1997; 124:1–25.
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ANTISOLVENT MEMBRANE CRYSTALLIZER
SCHEME 1
Solute and solvent are miscible.
,ntisolvent evaporated in solution !rom another side.
,ntisolvent mi-es with the solvent and reduced solute solubility in solvent.
his creates supersaturation at !eed side and results in solutecrystalli)ation.
Stabile C, Caridi A, Curcio E, Drioli E.-Antisolvent membrane crystallization of pharmaceutical compounds.-J Pharm Sci. 2009 Dec
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SCHEME 2
he antisolvent and the solvent are miscible.
, vapor pressure is generated between the two sides o! the membranes by atemperature di$erence
he solvent having higher vapor pressure# evaporates at a higher rate# thusproducing a certain degree o! solvent/antisolvent demi-ing.
,s the !raction o! antisolvent in the mi-ture increases !rom the initialcomposition# the lower solubility o! the solute generates supersaturation anda phase separation occurs.
Stabile C, Caridi A, Curcio E, Drioli E.-Antisolvent membrane crystallization of pharmaceutical compounds.-J Pharm Sci. 2009 Dec
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APPLICATIONS
,pplication in +hemical 0eld *arbon ,io'ide %ecovery
#embrane based evaporation crystallization
#embrane crystallization in water treatment
+reparation of tubular membranes by $team assisted crystallization
,pplication in Pharmaceutical and Biological 0eld#A* for recovery of pharmaceutical compound from waste streams
Trypsin crystallization by membrane based techniques
*rystallization of membrane proteins mediated by antibody fragments
[1] Ye, J. Lin, J. Shen, P. Luis, B. Van der Bruggen, "Membrane Crystallization of Sodium Carbonate for Carbon Dioxide Recovery
vol. 13, 2013;2362–2372
[2] Hajduk PJ and Greer J. A decade of fragment-based drug design: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007; 6:211-219 2005; 1171-1176.[3] Konig A and Weckesser D. Membrane based evaporation crystallization
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THANK YOU
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