memristors - rochester institute of technology
TRANSCRIPT
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MemristorsDan Shlyakhtin and Josh Kramer
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Fast
Non-volatile High Density
SRAM
Flash
Cache
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Current Memory
Flash 105-106 ns 105
SRAM 0.3 ns 1016
Access Time Write Endurance Non-Volatile
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Fast
Non-volatile High Density
SRAM
Flash
Cache
Memristors
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Current Memory
Flash 105-106 ns 105
SRAM 0.3 ns 1016
Memristor < 10 ns 1010
Access Time Write Endurance Non-Volatile
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Leon Chua, UC Berkley - 1971
History
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How are memristors different?
Current vs. Sinusoidal voltage.
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History
R. Stanley Williams, HP Labs• 1995 - Nanometer Crossbar Array• 2002 - Made aware of Chua's work• 2004 - Realized Chua's discovery matched theirs• 2006 - Built first reliable devices based on memristors• 2008 - Published Findings
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HP's Crossbar array.
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How does the switch work?Oxygen deficiencies in Tio2 act like positive "bubbles" that are repelled by the positive voltage and attracted by the negative.
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Realization
SRAM RRAMHigher Density
o Memristor smaller than transistoro 1 memristor replaces 10 or 15 transistors
Non-volatileSlower
Fewer reads/writes[8]
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Controversy
• Should a "basic device" be this complicated?
• Implementation doesn't use magnetic flux• Inductor thought experimentMemristor might not ever be discovered
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Other Uses
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Analog storageof digital values
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Other Uses
Material implication, a fundamental logical operation has been shown to be computable using memristors.
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Neural Computing
Memristors behave very similarly to the biological synapse and could allow for emulation of brain cell functionality without having to simulate every cell.
Other Uses
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Conclusion
• Discovered by Chua in 1971• Realized by Williams at HP in 2008• Many uses besides RAM
o High-density storageo New basic binary operationso Neural Network emulation
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Questions