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STIE Husnayain

Apa itu Analisis Laporan

Evaluation of a firm's financialstatements in order to assess thefirm's worth and its ability to meetits financial obligations

Laporan Keuangan? an assessment of the viability, stability

and profitability of a business, sub-business or project

Evaluate Prospects Evaluate Risks

Business AnalysisBusiness AnalysisBusiness AnalysisBusiness Analysis

Business Decision Makers

Equity investorsEquity investors

Creditors

Managers

Merger and Acquisition Analysts

External Auditors

Directors

Regulators

Employees & Unions

Lawyers

Industry Statistics

Financial Statements

Quantitative

Chairpersons Letter

Management discussion & Analysis

Qualitative

Information Sources

Trade reports

Regulatory filings

Economic Indicators

Web sites

Vision/Mission Statement

Financial press

Press Releases

Kapandigunakan?

1 Pemilik Dana

digunakan?2 Intermediaries

3 Pihak yang membutuhkan

Types of BusinessTypes of Business

Credit Analysis Equity Analysis

Management & Control

Director Oversight

Labor Negotiations

Types of Business

Credit Analysis Equity Analysis

Management & Control

Director Oversight

Labor Negotiations

BusinessAnalysisBusinessAnalysis

Mergers, Acquisitions& Divestitures

Director OversightRegulation

External AuditingFinancial Management

BusinessAnalysis

Mergers, Acquisitions& Divestitures

Director OversightRegulation

External AuditingFinancial Management

Credit AnalysisCredit AnalysisCredit AnalysisCredit Analysis

Trade Creditors

Non-trade CreditorsCreditors

Provide goods or services

Most short-term

Usually implicit interest

Bear risk of default

Creditors

Provide major

financing

Most long-term

Usually explicit interest

Bear risk of default

Credit AnalysisCredit AnalysisCredit AnalysisCredit Analysis

Liquidity Ability to meet short-

SolvencyAbility to meet long-

Credit worthiness: Ability to honor credit obligations(downside risk)

Ability to meet short-term obligations

Focus: Current cash flows Make up of current

assets and liabilities Liquidity of assets

Ability to meet long-term obligations

Focus: Long-term profitability Capital structure

Equity AnalysisEquity AnalysisEquity AnalysisEquity Analysis

Technical analysis / Charting

Fundamental AnalysisDetermine Intrinsic value

Assessment of downside risk and upside potential

ChartingPatterns in price or

volume history of a stock

Predict future price movements

Determine Intrinsic value without reference to price

Analyze and interpret key factors

Economy Industry Company

BusinessEnvironment &

Strategy Analysis

IndustryAnalysis

StrategyAnalysis

ProspectiveAnalysis

AccountingAnalysis

FinancialAnalysis

Analysisof cash

flowsProfitabilityAnalysis

RiskAnalysis

Cost of Capital Estimate Intrinsic Value

Accounting AnalysisAccounting AnalysisAccounting AnalysisAccounting Analysis

Process to evaluate and adjust financial statements to better reflect economic reality

Process to evaluate and adjust financial statements to better reflect economic reality

Comparability problems across firms and across time

Manager estimation error

Distortion problems Earnings management

Accounting Standards

Comparability problems across firms and across time

Manager estimation error

Distortion problems Earnings management

Accounting Standards

Comparability problems across firms and across time

Manager estimation error

Distortion problems Earnings management

Accounting Standards

AccountingRisk

AccountingRisk

Financial AnalysisFinancial AnalysisFinancial AnalysisFinancial Analysis

Profitability analysis Evaluate return Profitability analysis Evaluate return

Process to evaluate financial position and performance using financial statements

Process to evaluate financial position and performance using financial statements

Profitability analysis Evaluate return on investments

Risk analysis Evaluate riskiness & creditworthiness

Analysis of Evaluate source & cash flows deployment of funds

Profitability analysis Evaluate return on investments

Risk analysis Evaluate riskiness & creditworthiness

Analysis of Evaluate source & cash flows deployment of funds

Common toolsCommon tools

Ratioanalysis

Ratioanalysis

Cash flow

analysis

Cash flow

analysis

Prospective AnalysisProspective AnalysisProspective AnalysisProspective Analysis

Business Environment& Strategy Analysis

Process to forecast future payoffs

Intrinsic Value

Accounting Analysis

Financial Analysis

Dynamics of Business ActivitiesDynamics of Business ActivitiesDynamics of Business ActivitiesDynamics of Business Activities

Beginning of periodBeginning of periodBeginning of period

Business Activities Time

InvestingInvesting FinancingFinancingPlanningPlanningInvesting

FinancingPlanning

End of periodEnd of periodEnd of period

OperatingOperating

PlanningPlanning

PlanningPlanningFinancingFinancingInvestingInvesting

Operating

Planning

PlanningFinancingInvesting

Business ActivitiesBusiness ActivitiesBusiness ActivitiesBusiness Activities

Planning Planning

CompetitionCompetition PricingPricing

Market demandsMarket demands TacticsTacticsPlanning

Competition Pricing

Market demands TacticsPlanning Activities:

Goals& Objectives

Planning Activities:

Goals& Objectives

PromotionPromotion

Managerial performanceManagerial performance

OpportunitiesOpportunities

ProjectionsProjections

DistributionDistribution

ObstaclesObstacles

Planning Activities:

Goals& Objectives

Promotion

Managerial performance

Opportunities

Projections

Distribution

Obstacles

PlanningActivitiesPlanningActivitiesInvesting

ActivitiesInvestingActivities

FinancialActivitiesFinancialActivities

PlanningActivitiesInvesting

ActivitiesFinancialActivities

Business ActivitiesBusiness ActivitiesBusiness ActivitiesBusiness Activities

Operating ActivitiesRevenues and expenses from providing

goods and services

Financial Statements Reflect Business ActivitiesFinancial Statements Reflect Business ActivitiesFinancial Statements Reflect Business ActivitiesFinancial Statements Reflect Business Activities

PlanningPlanningInvesting

Current: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventories Marketable Securities

InvestingCurrent: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventories Marketable Securities

FinancingCurrent: Notes Payable Accounts Payable Salaries Payable Income Tax PayableNoncurrent:

FinancingCurrent: Notes Payable Accounts Payable Salaries Payable Income Tax PayableNoncurrent:

Operating Sales Cost of Goods Sold Selling Expense Administrative Expense

Operating Sales Cost of Goods Sold Selling Expense Administrative Expense

PlanningInvesting

Current: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventories Marketable Securities

FinancingCurrent: Notes Payable Accounts Payable Salaries Payable Income Tax PayableNoncurrent:

Operating Sales Cost of Goods Sold Selling Expense Administrative Expense Marketable Securities

Noncurrent: Land, Buildings, &

Equipment Patents Investments

Marketable SecuritiesNoncurrent: Land, Buildings, &

Equipment Patents Investments

AssetsAssets

Balance SheetBalance Sheet

Noncurrent: Bonds Payable Common Stock Retained Earnings

Noncurrent: Bonds Payable Common Stock Retained Earnings

Liabilities & EquityLiabilities & Equity

Balance SheetBalance Sheet

Statement of Shareholders Equity

Statement of Shareholders Equity

Administrative Expense Interest Expense Income Tax Expense

Administrative Expense Interest Expense Income Tax Expense

Net IncomeNet Income

Income statementIncome statementCash FlowCash Flow

Statement of Cash FlowsStatement of Cash Flows

Marketable SecuritiesNoncurrent: Land, Buildings, &

Equipment Patents Investments

Assets

Balance Sheet

Noncurrent: Bonds Payable Common Stock Retained Earnings

Liabilities & Equity

Balance Sheet

Statement of Shareholders Equity

Administrative Expense Interest Expense Income Tax Expense

Net Income

Income statementCash Flow

Statement of Cash Flows

Apa Bedanya dengan ALK Konvensional?Konvensional?

Tipe Rasio

Leverage Liquidity Operating Profitability

Neraca; Laporan Laba Rugi;

Laporan Arus Kas;

Laporan Perubahan Laporan Arus Kas; Perubahan Ekuitas;

Laporan Sumber dan Penggunaan Dana Zakat;

Laporan Sumber dan Penggunaan

Dana Kebajikan;