mental and emotional health chapter 7. characteristics of a mentally healthy person feels...
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Mental and Emotional Health
Chapter 7
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Characteristics of a Mentally Healthy Person Feels comfortable
with himself or herself
Has good relationships with others
Meets the demands of life
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Types of EmotionsSection 7.1
Love Happiness Optimism Humor Fear Anger Guilt Depression Jealousy
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Love Love is the feeling of
strong affection or caring for another person.
We all have the need to love, and the need to be loved by others.
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Happiness Happiness is a feeling
of joy and well-being or contentment
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Optimism Feeling optimistic
means feeling that life experiences will be positive
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Humor Humor provides a
way of expressing negative emotions in a more positive way.
Laughter can increase the effectiveness of your immune system in fighting disease.
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Fear Fear is the feeling of
danger Fear is often learned
from experiences you had when you were young
Use environmental planning and self talk to manage fear.
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Anger Anger is a strong feeling
of irritation. Everyone feels angry at
some time, the important thing is how you deal with the anger.
Channel emotions appropriately or do something physical but positive to manage anger.
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Guilt Guilt is the feeling
that you have done something wrong or are responsible for something bad happening.
To manage guilt, find the source of your guilt and try to correct it.
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Depression Depression is a feeling of
anxiety, loneliness, and despair.
It can interfere with the ability to carry out daily activities.
To manage depression, try to identify why you feel that way and try to put it in perspective.
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Jealousy Jealousy is the feeling
of wanting something that someone else has or the fear of losing something that you have.
To manage jealousy, discuss the it with the other person involved.
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Loneliness Loneliness is a
feeling of isolation or alienation.
Engage in activities that will make you part of a group.
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Shyness Shyness is the feeling
of being timid or bashful.
Engage in activities that will make you part of a group an d don’t be afraid to try new things.
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Defense Mechanisms and Positive Strategies
Section 7.2
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Common Defense Mechanisms Compensation Daydreaming Denial Displacement Projection Rationalization
Reaction formation Regression Repression Sublimation Somatization
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Compensation Covering a weakness by overachieving in
another area Example: focusing all your attention on
sports because you think you are a better athlete than student
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Daydreaming Escaping from an unpleasant situation by
using your imagination Example: in the dentists chair you focus
on the fun you are going to have over the weekend
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Denial Failure to accept reality Example: refusing to accept the death of a
relative or a close friend, refusing to accept that a romantic relationship is over
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Displacement The transfer of negative feelings about
someone to someone else. Example: you are very angry with you
mother and you take it out on your sister or your best friend.
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Projection Putting (projecting) negative feelings on
someone else. Example: blaming your teacher for failing
a test you did not study for.
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Rationalization Justifying irrational behavior. Example: not doing your homework one
evening because you feel like you’ve spent too much time on your schoolwork
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Reaction Formation Expressing emotions that are the exact
opposite of what you feel. Example: acting like a clown in a group to
hide your feelings.
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Regression Using childlike ways of expressing
emotions like anger or disappointment Example: throwing a tantrum when you
don’t get to watch your favorite TV program.
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Repression Blocking out unpleasant memories. Example: forgetting when you were in the
hospital.
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Sublimation Redirecting bad or unacceptable behavior
into positive behavior. Example: channeling your aggression into
an athletic sport where aggressive behavior is acceptable.
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Somatization Converting emotions into bodily
symptoms. Example: getting stomach cramps every
time final exams are scheduled.
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Self-ideal is your mental image of what you would like to be.
Self-concept is the current mental image you have of yourself.
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Self-actualization-fulfilling your potential Self-esteem-respecting yourself and others Love and affection-your ability to give and
receive affection; Feeling of belonging Safety and security-your ability to protect
yourself from harm Physiological needs-fulfilling your needs for
food, water, shelter, sleep and sexual expression
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Types of Mental and Emotional Disorders
Section 7.3
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Organic Disorders Mental and emotional
disorders resulting form a physical cause.
For example, a brain tumor can affect mood, speech and comprehension.
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Eating Disorders Anorexia- excessive
dieting resulting in a state of self starvation
Bulimia- bingeing on food then purging to avoid weight gain
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Anxiety Disorder A condition in which
fear or anxiety prevents one from enjoying life and completing everyday tasks
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Types of Anxiety Disorders General anxiety disorder- constant feeling of
anxiety and fear with physical symptoms Obsessive-compulsive disorder- persistent
recurring thoughts accompanied with the need to repeatedly perform a certain action
Panic disorder- intense feelings of terror that occur suddenly without a cause
Phobia- persistent fear of something
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Dissociative Disorders A condition in which
someone’s personality changes to the point that the person believes that sometimes he or she is someone else
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Types of Dissociative Disorders Multiple personality disorder- having two
or more distinctive personalities which can show different physical conditions and are often the exact opposite of each other
Amnesia- loss of memory
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Mood Disorder A condition in which
one mood is experienced almost to the exclusion of other feelings
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Types of Mood Disorders Depression- experiencing feelings of
sadness, loneliness, and hopelessness for an extended period of time
Bipolar disorder (manic-depressive) - experiencing exaggerated feelings of euphoria, irritability, depression; Exaggerated mood swings; Reckless behavior
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Personality Disorder An emotional
condition in which a parson's patterns of behavior negatively affect the person’s ability to get a long with others
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Types of Personality Disorders Antisocial personality disorder- showing a
preference to remain distant from others’ Paranoia- consistent mistrust of others for
no reason Aggression- behavior that displays an inner
conflict between being dependent and being assertive which results in erratic moods
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Somatoform Disorder An emotional
condition in which there are physical symptoms but no identifiable disease or injury. The physical symptoms are caused by psychological factors.
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Types of Somatoform Disorders Hypochondriasis- believing and showing
signs of serious illness without any physical cause
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Schizophrenia Impaired perceptions,
thinking processes, emotional health, and physical activity
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Seeking Help
Section 7.4
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When to Seek Help A prolonged feeling of depression Feeling life is out of control Inability to concentrate or make decisions Difficulty getting along with family or
friends
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Intense fears Persistent difficulty sleeping Emotional problems dealing with physical
illness Inability to stop destructive behaviors like
drinking, overeating, and abusing drugs
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Who Can Help? Parent Teacher School counselor Doctor Clergy member Mental and emotional
health services
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Types of Therapy Psychoanalysis Behavioral Therapy Group Therapy Chemical Therapy
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Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is a
form of therapy used to examine unresolved conflicts from the past
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Behavioral Therapy Behavioral therapy
focuses on the patients behavior rather then on the underlying cause.
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Group Therapy In group therapy,
people with similar problems meet with a therapist to discuss their problems
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Chemical Therapy Chemical therapy is
the use of drugs to treat mental and emotional disorders