mentdp course. what is differentiation? a teacher’s response to learner needs the recognition of...
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LEARNER DIFFERENCESMENTDP Course
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What is Differentiation?A teacher’s response to learner needs
The recognition of students’ varying background knowledge, characteristics and preferences
Instruction that appeals to students’ differences
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Why Differentiate?All learners are different.One size does not fit all.
Differentiation provides all students with access to knowledge
Learner DifferencesAge:children, adolescents, and
adults.Learning styles: visual, auditory,
and kinesthesic.Levels: beginners, intermediate,
and advanced.Educational and cultural
brackground.Motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic.Responsibility for learning:
autonomy
Learner CharacteristicsCHILDREN TEENAGERS ADULTS
Need to move Still need to move Able to keep still
Concentrate on short periods
Concentrationdeveloping
can concentrate more easily
Learn throughexperience
Begin to learn in abstract ways
Learn more in abstract ways
Are not very able to control & plan their own behavior
Begin to control and plan their behavior
Usually able to control and plan their behavior
Are not afraid of making mistakes
May worry about what others think of them
Not so willing to make mistakes or take risks
Are not aware of themselves
Are sometimes aware of their actions
Aware of themselves and their actions
Pay attention to meaning and language
Pay attention to meaning and increasily to form
Pay attention to meaning and form in language
Have limited experience of life
Begin to increase their experience of life
Have experience of life
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Content Process Product
According to Students’
Readiness InterestLearningProfile
Teachers Can Differentiate
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Discussion Question
What are you already doing to differentiate learners and instruction in your classroom?
Things to Keep in Mind when Teaching Children
1. Involve children in hands-on activities.
2. Avoid talking for long periods of time.
3. Children learn by interacting with each other and with the teacher.
4. Review, Review, Review.
5. Encourage students to correct themselves and other students.
6. Use what is learned in different contexts.
7. Praise, Praise, Praise.
Things to Keep in Mind when Teaching Teenagers
Meet their interest in current topics (sport, entertainment and media, and English-speaking cultures ).
Create a collaborative classroom atmosphere.Allow the expression of different feelingsPromote learner autonomy and individual choice Promote cross-curricular work.Resort to varietyAddress different learning stylesManage the classroom effectively Avoid putting students on the spot.Develop project work
Teaching adultsLearning should be experienced based with goals
adults can relate to.
Adults enjoy actively participating in class.
Adults require feedback.
Adults learn at different speeds.
References
Harmer, J. (2007) How to Teach English. Pearson & Longman, England.
http://www.cambridge.org/elt/englishinmind/teacher_resources/teaching_teenagers.htm
Spratt, M. et al. (2005) The TKT Teaching Knowledge Test Course. Cambridge University Press, U.K.
Tomlinson (1999 ) The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners.
http://www.eslbase.com/articles/esl-children.asp
Thanks
Teaching for LearnerDifferences