MesopotamiaMesopotamia

Chapters 2 and 3Chapters 2 and 3

What does the name What does the name Mesopotamia mean?Mesopotamia mean?

Meso- MiddleMeso- Middle Potamos- RiverPotamos- River

““The land between the rivers”The land between the rivers”

What is a city-state?What is a city-state?

An independent state consisting of a city An independent state consisting of a city and it’s surrounding area.and it’s surrounding area.

Sumer (3500 BCE- 1900 Sumer (3500 BCE- 1900 BCE)BCE)

RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss

Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss

GilgameshGilgameshSargonSargonNaramsinNaramsin

CuneiformCuneiformPotters Potters wheelwheelMathematics Mathematics Lunar Lunar CalendarCalendar

Bronze AgeBronze AgeCanals and Canals and irrigation irrigation systemssystemsAgricultural Agricultural developments developments (seed drill, (seed drill, oxen)oxen)Wheeled carts Wheeled carts and chariotsand chariotsPulleysPulleysTradeTrade

Clip: Innovations of Clip: Innovations of SumeriansSumerians

Babylonia (1900 BCE-1300 Babylonia (1900 BCE-1300 BCE)BCE)

RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss

Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss

HammurabiHammurabi Hammurabi’Hammurabi’s Law Codes Law CodeCarvings Carvings

North-south North-south river traderiver tradeCurrencyCurrency

Assyria (1300 BCE- 609 Assyria (1300 BCE- 609 BCE)BCE)

RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss

Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss

AshurnasirpaAshurnasirpallSargon IISargon IISennacheribSennacheribEsarhaddonEsarhaddonAshurbanipalAshurbanipal

Carvings Carvings become more become more importantimportantLibraryLibrary

Make ironMake ironTrading centresTrading centresDrainage and Drainage and sewage systems sewage systems improvedimprovedRoads/ Postal Roads/ Postal serviceservice

Clip: Why was trade Clip: Why was trade important?important?

Chaldea ( 609 BCE- 530 Chaldea ( 609 BCE- 530 BCE)BCE)

RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss

Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss

NebuchadnezzarNebuchadnezzarBelshazzarBelshazzar

Hanging Hanging Gardens of Gardens of BabylonBabylonAstronomyAstronomyEfficient Efficient CalendarCalendarHanging Gardens of Babylon

Describe Hammurabi’s code Describe Hammurabi’s code of law. What were his of law. What were his laws about?laws about?What was the principle What was the principle behind the law?behind the law?

Describe the religious Describe the religious beliefs of the beliefs of the

MesopotamiansMesopotamians Mesopotamian gods Mesopotamian gods

controlled everything.controlled everything. They could bring good or They could bring good or

bad to a peoplebad to a people Brought a sense of order Brought a sense of order

and explained and explained mysteries.mysteries.

Terms:Terms: AnthropomorphicAnthropomorphic: attributing human : attributing human

qualities to gods, animals or non-human qualities to gods, animals or non-human formsforms

PolytheisticPolytheistic: belief or worship of more : belief or worship of more than one god.than one god.

MythologyMythology: myths or stories that relate : myths or stories that relate to a particular culture or person.to a particular culture or person.

ZigguratsZiggurats: temple in Babylonia or Assyria : temple in Babylonia or Assyria in the form of a pyramid of terraced towersin the form of a pyramid of terraced towers

OraclesOracles: divine or supernatural : divine or supernatural communication or place where these take communication or place where these take placeplace

Social PyramidSocial Pyramid

KINGKING

The Priests

The Scribes

The Merchants and Artisans

The Common People

The Slaves

KINGKING: The word of the king is law.: The word of the king is law. PRIESTSPRIESTS: Influential because of the : Influential because of the

importance of religion.importance of religion. SCRIBESSCRIBES: Educated, could read and : Educated, could read and

write. Worked for the temple, the write. Worked for the temple, the palace, the government or the army.palace, the government or the army.

MERCHANTS OR ARTISANSMERCHANTS OR ARTISANS: : Traders or craftspeople. Traders or craftspeople.

COMMON PEOPLECOMMON PEOPLE: Earned their : Earned their living from the land as farmers. living from the land as farmers.

SLAVESSLAVES: performed household labour : performed household labour and various chores. No rights. and various chores. No rights.

What was cuneiform?What was cuneiform?

The first known form of writing.The first known form of writing. Based on picture signs.Based on picture signs. Kept accurate records of trading.Kept accurate records of trading.

Epic: Long narrative Epic: Long narrative poems about heroes or poems about heroes or expressing the ideals of expressing the ideals of a nation.a nation.

Mosaic: A picture or Mosaic: A picture or design created using design created using chips of colored stone chips of colored stone inlaid together.inlaid together.

What were major What were major advancements in the advancements in the following areas for following areas for

Mesopotamia?Mesopotamia? The WheelThe Wheel

Wheeled wagons and chariots.Wheeled wagons and chariots. Farmers could pull 3 to 4 times more Farmers could pull 3 to 4 times more

weight.weight. Used in pulleys to lift water from wellsUsed in pulleys to lift water from wells

MetallurgyMetallurgy Tool makingTool making Strong metals for weaponsStrong metals for weapons

MathematicsMathematics Helped to build canalsHelped to build canals Kept accurate trading recordsKept accurate trading records Helped tabulate taxesHelped tabulate taxes

TimeTime Lunar CalendarLunar Calendar

Lunar CalendarLunar Calendar