metabolisme-pp.ppt

7/24/2019 metabolisme-pp.ppt

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METABOLISM

Metabolismis the set of

chemical reactionsthat occur in living

organismsto maintain life.

These processes allow organisms to grow

and reproduce, maintain their structures,

and respond to their environments.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reactionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction


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Metabolism is usually divided into two categories.

Catabolismbreaks down organic matter, for example to harvest energy

in cellular respiration.

Anabolism, uses energy to construct components of cells such as proteinsand nucleic acids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respirationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respirationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolism


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Cellular respiration

Cellular respirationis a set of the metabolic

reactions and processes that take place in

organisms cellsto convert biochemical energy

from nutrientsinto energy !AT"#

The reactions involved in respiration are

catabolic reactionsthat involve the oxidationofone molecule and the reductionof another.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolism


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$utrients used in respiration %

& glucose,

& fatty acids,

& amino acids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acidshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose


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'lycolysis

Glycolysis!from glycose, an older term()*for

glucose + -lysisdegradation# is the

metabolic pathwaythat converts glucose, into

pyruvate.

The free energyreleased in this process is used

to form the high energy compounds, AT" !

adenosinetriphosphate# and $A- !reduced

nicotinamideadeninedinucleotide#.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_free_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NADHhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic_free_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glycolysis.svg


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Glycolysis.svg


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Krebs cycle

Krebs cycleThe citric acid cycle

tricarboxylic acid cycle!TCAcycle#

is a metabolic pathwaythat forms part of the break downof carbohydrates, fatsand proteinsinto carbon dioxideand waterin order to generate energy.

/t is the second of three metabolic pathways that are

involved in fuel moleculecatabolismandAT"production

TCA is importance in all living cellsthat utili0e oxygenaspart of cellular respiration.
http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Metabolic_pathwayhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Carbohydratehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Fathttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Proteinhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Carbon_dioxidehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Waterhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Fuel_moleculehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Catabolismhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/ATPhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Cell_%28biology%29http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Oxygenhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Cellular_respirationhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Cellular_respirationhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Oxygenhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Cell_%28biology%29http://www.wordiq.com/definition/ATPhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Catabolismhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Fuel_moleculehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Waterhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Carbon_dioxidehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Proteinhttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Fathttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Carbohydratehttp://www.wordiq.com/definition/Metabolic_pathway


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Oxidative phosporylation

Oxidative phosphorylationis a

metabolic pathwaythat uses energy released by theoxidationo nutrientsto produce adenosinetriphosphate!AT"#
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_pathway


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During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from

electron donorsto electron acceptorssuch as oxygen, in redox reactions.

These redox reactions release energy, hich is used to form AT!.

"n eu#aryotes, these redox reactions are carried out by a series of protein

complexes ithin mitochondria,

hereas, in pro#aryotes, these proteins are located in the cells$ inner

membranes. These lin#ed sets of en%ymes are called electron transport

chains.

"n eu#aryotes, five main protein complexes are involved, hereas in

pro#aryotes many different en%ymes are present, using a variety of

electron donors and acceptors
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_agenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidizing_agenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxidizing_agenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_agent


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&hat is the role of hormone in metabolism'

&hat does it mean by amphibolic pathay

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