Metals Hand Tools

What Every Machinist Needs to Know about

Metals Processing 110

Machinist Vise

Solid Base Vise Swivel Base Vise

Vise Jaw Caps(Soft Jaws)

Used to prevent marking the work

Peen Hammers

Ball Peen Hammer(Machinist’s Hammer) Cross Peen Hammer Straight and Cross

Peen Hammers

Soft Face Hammers

With Interchangeable Faces

Metal Stamps

For placing Names,Serial Numbers, etc.

Hacksaws

Solid framehacksaw

Adjustable framehacksaw

Hacksaw Blades

Hacksaw teethShould point towardThe front end of the saw

Tooth Pitch(Teeth per Inch)

18 Teeth per InchBlades are made fromHigh carbon SteelHigh Speed Steel (molybdenum alloy

or Tungsten alloy)

Saw Tooth Pitch

SET: bending the teethof a saw left and right tomake the KERF wider thanthe saw blade

Blade

Kerf

Set

Saw Teeth Too Big???

Too Small???

Installing a Blade

Pins

Wing nut fortightening/looseningblade

1. Get correct blade (length, pitch, material, type)

2. Adjust Frame3. Place ends of blade on pins

with teeth pointing to frontand teeth down

4. Tighten wing nut finger tight

Sawing Sheet (Thin) Metal

Sandwich the metalbetween strips ofwood.

This will keep thethin metal fromvibrating and allows2 or more teeth tocontact the work

ChiselsFlat Cold Chisel

Cape Chisel

Diamond Point Chisel Round Nose Chisel

Cut SheetMetal

Cut Keyways

Cut V-Grooves Cut Oil Grooves

1. Tang2. Heel3. Edge4. Face5. Point6. Length

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Parts of a File

File Grades of Coarseness• Dead Smooth

• Smooth

• Second Cut

• Bastard

• Coarse

• Rough

Files come in different sizes and degrees of coarseness

There are 4 common gradesplus 2 which are not often used

Files are also sold in 7 different lengths in inches

46

810

1214

16

Draw Filing

Draw filing allows you toremove small amountsof metal, keep a surfaceflat and produces a nice,smooth surface finish

Use a mill fileHold the file crosswaysKeep fingers close to theSurface being filedPress downMove the file back and forthDo not roll over the edges

Hand Taps

Used to cut screw threads inside a hole

Flutes are grooves in the tap

Flutes provide cutting edges, provide chipclearance and allow cutting fluid in

So, What Does ½-UNC-13 Mean?

UNC means it is a Unified National Coarse seriesThread Inch threads are either Coarse or Fine (UNF)

The fraction “1/2”is the diameter ininches of the threadedpart of the bolt or screw

½ inch

The number afterthe series (UNC)is the Number ofthreads per inch

13 threadsThe pitch or sizeof one thread hereIs 1/13 of an inch

So, What Does M30-3.5 Mean?The letter “M” just means it’s a Metric thread

The number “30”is the diameter ofthe threaded partOf the bolt or screw

30 mm

Pitch (the size of one thread)or how far the thread travelswhen the screw makes one turn

3.5 mm

The number afterThe dash (3.5) is thePitch of the thread

A Set of TapsA set of taps includes a taper tap, plug tap and bottoming tap

Taper TapUsed to starta thread in a

hole

Plug TapUsed to start

a thread and goalmost to the bottom

of a blind hole

Bottoming TapUsed to thread to

the bottomof a blind hole

That’s All, Folks