Method of Construction( Stage & Process )

Construction method need to be taken consideration in establishment of the building and it is based on design and build method . The construction method can be broken down to each stage as given below :

Stage 1 : Conceptual Planning

Stage 2 : Preliminary Design

Stage 3 : Final Design

Stage 4 : Cost Estimate & Permits

Stage 5 : Construction

Stage 1 Conceptual Planning

Conceptual Development Plans guide the development of the building site. The plan outlines site goals, development objectives, development research needs and project phasing while taking into consideration the significant natural and cultural resources of the building . The Conceptual Development Plan document consists of both a written and a graphically illustrated plan.On-Site MeetingAn initial meeting will be held on-site with Conceptual Development Plan (CDP) team members and the concessionaire, if appropriate. The purpose of this meeting is to familiarize the team with the site's mission, discuss current uses, identify problems and potential resolutions and discuss concepts for new activities and facilities.

Public Meeting A public meeting will be held to provide and receive pre-planning information. The building Conceptual Development Plan Preamble will be presented at the meeting. The public will be asked to identify issues related to development that they feel need to be addressed.

Plan Implementation Upon final approval of the Conceptual Development Plan, capital improvement projects needed to implement the plan will be identified. A phasing plan will be developed from the identified projects to provide an orderly execution of the projects. The phasing plan will be made a part of the CDP.All identified projects will be subjected to a rating system to determine their level of importance. The rating system is used in developing the capital improvement budget request in any given fiscal year. Projects will be carried out when funding becomes available.Stage 2 Preliminary design

Preliminary Design is the phase of the design process. A Project Manager is assigned to the project and will coordinate a series of meetings with users and the Design Team for information gathering. Users communicate specific requirements and the Design Team will do field investigation regarding the layout of the existing areas in question including building systems and their impact on the project.

The Design Team generates schemes based on information gathered from Users and their field investigation. Schemes will be reviewed by all stakeholders and refined accordingly. This phase of the project defines the design parameters and the overall layout.

During this phase, the high-level design concept is creates, which will implement the complex electronics requirements. This design concept may be expressed as functional block diagrams, design and architecture descriptions, and sketches.The objective of the design phases is to create a design that will correctly and completely implement the requirements. For the preliminary phase, the main goal is to map out how the building will perform the functions specified in the requirements, within the constraints of the device, the defined interfaces, and the environment the device will operate within.

The focus of the preliminarydesign is to determine the approximate dimensions, weight, force, load limits and other physical characteristics to the building . The main areas of concern are the wing area, and span . Routines are modeled based on the conceptual design; carefully consider the specific needs of competition.

Stage 3 Final Design

The purpose of this phase is to produce the building construction contract documents for use in soliciting bids from prospective contractors and moving the project to the Construction Phase. Final Design includes the following major element including continued advancement and completion of engineering design tasks initiated during the preliminary design phase .This also include project contract documents (Plans, Specifications, Construction Schedule and Construction Cost Estimate) to obtain bids from prospective contractors and environmental reevaluations, permits and clearance.During the final design stage the detailed architectural and engineering drawings (the blueprints) of all physical components of the project are produced. In some complex projects, it is necessary to prepare in addition a written final design report. This summarizes the facility as designed.

Virtually all design problems must have been resolved before the end of the final design stage. Sufficient detail must be provided by the drawings and the report to allow reasonably accurate estimates of construction and operating costs, as well as the construction scheduling.

All revisions to construction materials, machinery, and equipment specifications are made. The updated schedule, cost estimates and specifications are contained in the final design report.

Once again, it is necessary to verify at the end of the final design stage that the project remains economically viable. If, by some chance it is not, then a decision must be made to revise design solutions or the original concepts, or perhaps terminate the project.

Although it is an apparent and obvious assumption, it must be pointed out that any changes at this stage are most costly. Final design is the most expensive of the planning processes. It is therefore important that complete and detailed attention is given throughout final design.

If final design drawings have to be substantially changed or repeated, the costs are disproportionately high compared with the costs of the originals.

Stage 4 Cost Estimate

This process re-evaluates all the major cost centres in the project to determine if the most cost effective design solutions have been used. The most problematic cost centre is often the water delivery system to the site. A small team is assembled, representing the major engineering disciplines, architecture, and biology. It is important that these individuals are familiar with aquaculture projects, but were not participants in the design. They are supplied with all records of the project from concept through design. The objective is to verify that the project meets operational criteria, and optimizes cost efficiency both in construction and system operation.It can result in considerable cost savings to the project by discovering inconsistencies between operational requirements and design solutions.Recommendations made by the value engineering team should be incorporated into the final design as necessary. Cost estimate of the building include :

1.Quantity Take off : The foundation for a successful estimate relies upon reliable identification (takeoff) of the quantities of the various materials involved2.Material Prices: Material prices, especially in today's current market, fluctuate up and down. The estimator must both understand and anticipate the frequency and extent of the price variations and the timing of the buying cycle. 3.Equipment Costs: Equipment rates depend on the project conditions to determine the correct size or capacity of equipment required to perform the work. When interfacing with other equipment, cycle times and equipment capacity control the costs4.Subcontractor Quotes: A subcontractor quote, like the general estimate, contains labor, material, equipment, indirect costs, and profit. It is dependent upon having the quantities, labor hours, hourly rate, etc., prepared in a reliable manner just like any other part of an estimate.Stage 5 Construction

The construction phase is the period during which the Contractor or Principal Contractor (for notifiable project only) takes possession of the construction site to carry out the path construction and related feature works. When the works are complete, the site is handed back to the client.

The construction phase does not tend to involve the Client as much on a day to day basis, and the majority of actions and responsibilities, lie with other parties, namely, the Project Manager (Clients representative), Designer, Clerk of Works, CDM Co-ordinator, Principal Contractor or Contractor, and if required Sub-contractors.

Once the Contractor has been appointed, they will commence the mobilisation stage of construction phase, if required appointing Sub-contractors to complete elements of work, and commencing site set up (welfare facilities, etc).

At this point the Project Manager will arrange the pre-start meeting, and check that the Contractors insurances are in place. The CDM Co-ordinator will ensure that the Principal Contractors construction phase health and safety plan and welfare facilities are in place before site works commence.

During the Construction phase, the Contractor has the major responsibility in planning and execution the path construction and any related feature works, including managing, controlling and monitoring health and safety matters on site, based on their construction phase health and safety plan.