metodo directo e indirectoFIND OUT THE EFFICIENCY OF THE BOILER BY DIRECT METHOD WITH THE DATA GIVEN BELOWFIND OUT THE BOILER EFFICIENCY BY INDIRECT METHODFIND OUT THE BOILER EFFICIENCY BY INDIRECT METHODTYPO OF BOILERCOAL BOILERTYPO OF BOILERCOAL BOILERTYPO OF BOILERCOAL BOILERPARAMETERSSYMBOLUNITSVALUEPARAMETERSSYMBOLUNITSMAGNITUDEPARAMETERSSYMBOLUNITSMAGNITUDEQuantity of steam (dry) generatedQTPH8Fuel firing ratekg/h5599.17CarbonC%84%Kg/h8000Steam generation ratekg/h21937.5HydrogenH2%12%Steam pressure (guage)/tempSteam pressurekg/cm^2 (g)43NitrogenN2%0.5%Quantity of coal consumedqTPH1.8Steam temperatureC377OxygenO2%1.5%Kg/h1800Feed water temperatureC96SulphurS%1.5%Feed water temperatureTC85CO2 in flue gas%14%MoistureM%0.5%GCV of coalGCVkcal/kg3200CO in flue gas%0.55%GCV of fuelGCVkcal/kg10000Enthalpy of steam at 10 kg/cm^2 pressurehgkcal/kg (saturated)665Average flue gas temperatureTfC190Fuel firing ratekg/h2648.125Enthalpy of feed waterhfkcal/kg85Ambient temperaureTaC31Surface temperature of boilerTsC80Boiler efficiency%80.56K304Surface area of boilerm^290Evaporation ratio4.44Humidity in ambient airkg/kg dry air0.0204Humiditykg/kg of dry air0.025TYPO OF BOILERCOAL BOILERSurface temperature of boilerTsC70Wind speddm/s3.8PARAMETERSSYMBOLUNITSVALUEK343Flue gas temepraureTfC190Quantity of steam (dry) generatedQTPH8Wind velocity around the boilerm/s3.5Ambient temperatureTaC30Steam pressure (guage)/tempKg/h8000Total surface area of boilerm^290CO2 in flue gas by volume%0.108Quantity of coal consumedGCV of bottom ashkcal/kg800O2 in flue gas by volume%7.4Feed water temperatureqTPH1.6GCV of fly ashkcal/kg452.5FIND OUT THE BOILER EFFICIENCY BY INDIRECT METHODGCV of coalKg/h1600Ratio of bottom ash to fly ash90:10:00Step 1: Find theoretical air requirementkg/kg of coal13.8548Enthalpy of steam at 10 kg/cm^2 pressureTC85Fuel analysis %Step 2: Find theoretical CO2 %%54.4118Enthalpy of feed waterGCVkcal/kg4000Ash content in fuel%8.63%Step 3: Find excess air supplied21.3934Boiler efficiencyhgkcal/kg (saturated)665Moisture in coalM%31.6%Mass of dry flue gas%16.8297Evaporation ratiohfkcal/kg85Carbon contentC%41.65%Step 6: Find all lossesBoiler efficiency%72.50Hydrogen contentH2%2%L1%6.1933Evaporation ratio5.00Nitrogen contentN2%1.6%L2%7.0848Oxygen contentO2%14%L3%0.0328GCV of coalGCVkcal/kg3501L4%0.3029FIND OUT THE BOILER EFFICIENCY BY INDIRECT METHODL6%0.3813INTEGRANTESStep 1: Find theoretical air requirementkg/kg of coal4.9119Boiler efficiency kg/kg of coal86.0049GIOVANNY ALTAMAR RODRIGUEZStep 2: Find theoretical CO2 %0.1358Total mass of flue gas%22.3934CARLOS FONTALVO SUAREZ moles of C0.0347Dry flue gas loss%5.8138CAMILO HEREDIA SARMIENTO(CO2)t%20.67%CARLOS LOPEZ PAREJAStep 3: Find excess air suppliedExcess air supplied%47.452Step 4: Find actual mass of air suppliedkg/kg of coal7.2427Step 5: Find actual mass of dry flue gaskg/kg of coal7.6561Step 6: Find all lossesL1%7.9973L2%3.4400L3%5.9170L4%0.3020L5%17.0062L6%0.3702L7%0.11154L8%1.7748Boiler efficiency %63.0810

efficiencia de calderasEFICIENCIA DE CALDERAS - CLEAVER BROOKS * You are evaluating three quotations, each proposing a 400 BHP, 150 lb. design steam boiler to burn No. 2 oil or natural gas and operate at 125 PSIG. The quoted cost, including freight,etc. is $100,000 for Cleaver-Brooks, $91,000 for Alternate #1, and $86,000 for Alternate #2.PARAMETERUNITSC-B BOILER ALTERNATIVE N 1ALTERNATIVE N 2COMMENTSVALUEVALUE VALUEBoiler Design ouputBHP400400400design steam boiler Btu/hr1339000013390000133900001BHP = 33475 Btu/hr Boiler design pressurepsi150150150design steam boiler Boiler operation pressurepsig125125125Fuel Oil N 2 heat valueBtu/gal140000140000140000table 6; pag 19Fuel Oil N 2 heat price$/gal2.082.082.08Fuel To steam efficiency FTSE%82%82%The literature for both Alternates guarantees 82% efficiency firing No. 2 oil.

Fuel To steam efficiency FTSE%85.5%The Cleaver-Brooks FTSE guarantee is 85.5% at 100% load (per table 6).

Fuel ImputBtu/hr16329268.29316329268.293Boiler output / FTSE-Btu/hr/%-Btu/hr /85.5%gal/hr116.638116.638Btu/hr / Btu/ gal conformed by table.6Btu/hr15660818.713Boiler output / FTSE-Btu/hr/%-Btu/hr /85.5%gal/hr111.863Btu/hr / Btu/ gal conformed by table.6Operation Periodhr/yr400040004000Assumend at 100% load at full load

hr/yr300030003000hr/yr200020002000Annual Fuel cost$/yr970425.087970425.087$/gal * gal/ hr * hr/yr @82% if 4000 hr/yr operation$/yr930700.084$/gal * gal/ hr * hr/yr @85,5% if 4000 hr/yr operationSaving with cleaver brooks$/yr39725.004Boiler quoted cost$1000009100086000Entra cost for C-N.E equipement$900014000Paybackyearsmonths

clearver brooks

CLEAVER BROOKSFIRETURE BOILER FUEL - TO - STEAM EFFICIENCY BASED ON KNOWS TEMPERATURE PG 11Assume the following dataParameterUnitsValueCommentsModel CB boiler, capacityBHP100Assumed range 100-350 figure 3CB operating pressurepsig15Assumed see figure 3Fired on fuelComb natural gasBoiler firing rate%100% of loadStick temperatureF320make sure the stackRoom temperatureF80ambient air temperature in boiler roomStack and romm temperature differenceF240to determine the net temperature and co2 - stack - roomCO2%10measured with co, if excers as o2 im avaliable, co2 can be converted to co2 using figure 3Stack loss%15.2From Hays chart, at 240 and 10% CO2, going up the stack. See table 2Radiation and convection losses add%0.4stack loss plus 0,4% for a CB boiler, see table 1Total loss%15.6stack loss + radiation and convection Fuel- to - steam efficiency%84.4100 - total loss