EXHIBIT 1 – DISCLOSURE OF NON-RETAINED EXPERT MICHAEL BEAUDOIN

Michael Beaudoin, P.E. is the Director of Remedial Projects for Republic Services, Inc. Mr. Beaudoin has performed extensive work on two landfills with elevated temperatures, Bridgeton and Countywide, and has had substantial professional involvement with two others, Congress and Middle Point. The Bridgeton subsurface reaction has key similarities to Congress, but it dissimilar to the reactions at Countywide and Middle Point. At Congress, a distinguished panel of numerous technical experts in a number of disciplines conducted a very extensive collaborative study to ascertain the cause of the subsurface reaction, and to determine how best to manage it. They concluded that the reaction was not the result of biological processes; was not a fire, combustion or smoldering, and did not result from oxygen intrusion or gas extraction well overpull. They concluded that while the heat source has been delineated it was unlikely that additional investigation would definitively identify the source of the specific subsurface reaction or reactions involved could not be determined. And they concluded that the best way to manage the reaction was to control its effects by completing construction of the final cap, to remove and manage gas and leachate through engineered systems, to monitor settlement, and to continue a program of monitoring, operations and maintenance. That extensive study, the Area 3 Expanded Heat and Pressure Study completed on November 7, 2008 and produced with this disclosure, provided the state of industry, technical consulting expert and Bridgeton Landfill, LLC and its parent company Republic Services, Inc. knowledge at the time the Bridgeton subsurface reaction was discovered in December, 2010. Mr. Beaudoin in his current position has worked extensively with leading technical experts to study the causes of subsurface reactions such as the one at Bridgeton. As part of that work, Mr. Beaudoin consulted with, among others, Henry Kerfoot, Ph.D, who drafted the symposium abstract attached, together with his CV, as Appendix 1. Mr. Beaudoin has also consulted with Marco Castaldi, Ph.D, who drafted the technical memorandum attached, together with his CV, as Appendix 2. Mr. Beaudoin has a BSCE in Civil Engineering from the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and an MSCE in Geotechnical Engineering from Purdue University. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Michigan. His CV is attached as Appendix 3. Mr. Beaudoin has extensive knowledge of the Bridgeton Landfill based on his active participation at the landfill for the period July 2012 to present as well as his continued and ongoing oversight role as Director of Remedial Projects since December, 2014. Based on all of his knowledge, experience, research and consultation, Mr. Beaudoin holds the following opinions, among others, to a reasonable scientific and engineering certainty: 1. The subsurface reaction at Bridgeton Landfill is not a fire, smoldering or combustion. Among other problems with the Attorney General's experts' "smoldering" theory is that site technical data plainly show the reaction is occurring below the water table in the landfill.

2. There are several hypotheses about the cause of the reaction, but they are all just hypotheses, and none has yet been or can yet be proven with reasonable scientific certainty. 3. The subsurface reaction was neither foreseeable nor preventable. 4. Partly because the subsurface reaction could neither be foreseen nor predicted, it did not result from negligence. 5. The efforts Bridgeton Landfill, LLC have made, and the support of those efforts its parent company Republic Services, Inc. has provided, to control the subsurface reaction and its effects have been extraordinary and show a strong commitment to the community and the environment. The efforts both meet and exceed the industry standards for response to subsurface reactions. The engineers and other workers have exhibited a high degree of care in the response to the subsurface reaction. 6. The fact that the heart of the subsurface reaction is below the water table is apparent from, for example, comparing water levels in the gas interceptor wells to temperature graphs for the nearby temperature monitoring probes. 7. In addition to the specific reports reference above, Mr. Beaudoin has worked with all or virtually all of the contractors/consultants retained by Bridgeton Landfill, LLC to perform services at Bridgeton Landfill and can testify with respect to role of, and work performed by those contractors and consultants, including but not limited to:

Randy Bodnar, P.E., M.S. Civil and Environmental Consultants, Inc. Dan Brennan, P.E. SCS Engineers Peter Carey, P.E., M.S. P.J. Carey & Associates, P.C. Ivan Cooper, P.E., B.C.E.E. Civil and Environmental Consultants, Inc. Daniel Feezor, P.E., M.S. Feezor Engineering, Inc. Ed Galbraith, Barr Engineering Kevin Kamp, P.E. Civil and Environmental Consultants, Inc. Adam Larky, P.E., M.S.E Cornerstone Environmental Bruce Schmucker, P.E., M.S. Cornerstone Environmental James Walker, P.E. Cornerstone Environmental Michele Clark, Weaver Consultants Group Tom Bilgri, P.E. Cornerstone Environmental Aaron Karlas,P.E. Feezor Engineering, Inc.

I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct.

Executed on October 30, 2015.

__________________________

Michael Beaudoin, P.E., Director of Remedial Projects

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A Potential Heat Generation Process in MSW Landfills with Elevated Temperatures

Kerfoot, Henry; Beaudoin, Michael (2) Civil & Environmental Consultants, Inc., hkerfoot@cecinc.com, 602-644-2171; (2) Republic Services, Inc., mbeaudoin@republicservices.com, 480-718-6350 What causes wide-spread elevated temperatures in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills? Why and how do some elevated temperature events expand to involve significant adjacent waste? These questions are inherently difficult to answer due to the infinite combinations and permutations of waste type, waste location, landfill geometry, cover conditions, gas management, leachate management, climate, moisture conditions, etc. at different MSW landfills and even different zones within a given landfill. Large elevated-temperature events have occurred only at a very few landfills to date; however, by now, observations strongly suggest that something other than subsurface fires or smoldering combustion is occurring. The following observations have been made at several elevated-temperature sites: Observations at Elevated Temperature Landfills 1 - Convex Vertical Temperature Profiles – Temperature profiles are important because they can provide insight into both generation and transport of heat. In situ temperatures have been measured by embedding temperature sensors throughout the waste column. Typically, the temperature profile is a convex shape increasing to near the vertical center of the column and then and decreasing toward the bottom. In addition, the highest temperatures occur below the elevation of full or near-full saturation. This temperature profile is consistent with deep heat generation and relatively constant heat-transport properties with depth. In a landfill, “heat sinks” occur above and below the waste at the ground surface and at the bottom geologic stratum with maximum heat build-up observed in the center one-third of the waste profile. A spreadsheet model describing this has been developed and the figure below shows temperature data from an elevated temperature landfill and a fit of the model to it. Given the potential effects of heterogeneities and other site-specific factors, this one-dimensional model seems to agree with the trend shown by the site data.

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Figure 1. Spreadsheet Model Temperature Profile a Plot of Actual Site Data with Model Fit to the Data (Dashed Line.)

This vertical temperature profile is contrary to the hypothesis of combustion resulting from air intrusion through the cover as the heat source, since that would represent a localized source near the top of the waste where oxygen is most available. In addition, glowing and smoldering combustion fires occur in unsaturated material while the observed temperature profiles clearly show that maximum temperatures can occur in saturated conditions. It should be noted that waste can become saturated even though the landfill is compliant with maximum leachate head on liner requirements. This is because compressed material near the bottom of the waste column forms a retarding layer to vertical percolation, which can result in leachate head build-up in the landfill. 2 - Maximum Temperatures up to 350 deg F. In situ waste temperature measurements made directly in the elevated temperature zone have shown temperatures of 350° F or below; and, significantly, these appear to occur in saturated waste. Smoldering combustion of cellulose occurs at 480o F – 930o F and glowing combustion occurs at 930o F – 1470o F. Thus, the maximum observed temperatures of up to 350o F at the subject elevated temperature sites are not consistent with the temperature ranges associated with these combustion processes. In addition, the maximum waste temperatures are observed in water-saturated waste and smoldering and glowing combustion are limited to unsaturated materials. 3 - Presence of Thermally Decomposed Material in Cores. Drilling of gas extraction wells and coring for installation of instrumentation have resulted in visual observation of dark gray to black saturated material that appears to be highly decomposed MSW. This gray-black material resembles hydrochar, produced by aqueous thermal decomposition of biomass. Usually, this material occurs at depths of greater than 50 feet.

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Smoldering or glowing material is not observed above, in, or below this layer of material. If smoldering or glowing combustion were occurring, surely one of the hundreds of borings drilled into the elevated temperature zones would have retrieved dry, smoking, smoldering char. However, this has not been observed to our knowledge. 4 - Production of High Volumes of Leachate - Leachate volume typically increases dramatically in an elevated temperature landfill. At sites where groundwater infiltration is not a potential contributor to leachate volume, increases of several times pre-reaction leachate volumes have been observed. As an example, a Subtitle D site with an active and compliant leachate collection system generated approximately 100 gallons per acre per day (gpad)—a typical and expected quantity—before the elevated temperature event, and up to 1,000 gpad during the peak of the event. When air intrusion causes combustion, increased leachate volume is not a common symptom. 5 - Altered Leachate Composition - Altered leachate chemical composition, including increased biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), low pH (~5), elevated concentrations of phenols and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) not associated with combustion. On the other hand, combustion produces ash, which is alkaline and would tend to raise leachate pH, not lower it, and it destroys organic carbon, potentially decreasing the BOD. Because combustion reactions would be quenched by water, they do not occur in saturated waste and do not significantly affect leachate composition. Thus, when air intrusion causes combustion, changes in leachate chemical constituents are not common symptoms. 6 - Altered landfill gas composition - Concentrations of methane are greatly decreased and, instead, the gas is composed mainly of H2 and CO2 with elevated levels of CO. The reduced methane generation, along with increased CO2 concentrations tends to result in a rapidly inverted CH4 to CO2 ratio as the numerator decreases and the denominator increases. For combustion to produce CO2, oxygen must be present. But data suggests production of significant CO2 without any oxygen available at the depths at which the elevated temperatures occur. Potential Alternative Reactions Because the elevated temperatures occurs in saturated waste at lower temperatures than combustion and produces different byproducts than combustion, reactive metals/aluminum dross, or other reactions commonly hypothesized as potential heat sources, we have researched potential alternate reactions to find ones consistent with the symptoms above. The aqueous nature of the reaction conditions provides a starting point for consideration of alternative reactions. Aqueous reactions of cellulose and biomass have been studied for development of renewable fuels and sequestration of carbon. Such reactions are termed hydrothermal processes and they are generally classified as one of three types, based on the reaction temperature:

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a) Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been performed at 356o F to 480o F for periods of

hours and it produces mainly a saturated solid char, with dissolved organic compounds and minimal gas that is mainly CO2.

b) Hydrothermal liquefaction occurs near 750o F and produces primarily light hydrocarbons and heavy oils, with more gas and less solids than HTC.

c) Hydrothermal gasification involves supercritical water (> 700o F and 218 atmospheres) and produces mainly gas.

Smoldering combustion, hydrothermal liquefaction and hydrothermal gasification processes occur at much higher temperatures than the maximums observed in the subject elevated temperature landfills. However, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) appears to be possible at the upper end of observed temperatures. It is possible that other factors such as decreased pH, elevated pressure, and/or long residence times could facilitate the process at these sites. Potential Heat Generation Process – Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) Proponents of fire and smoldering combustion as the heat source often point to the typically endothermic nature of other hypothesized chemical reactions to support their position that combustion must be occurring because it is exothermic. However, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) can cause dehydration of cellulose, an exothermic reaction described by:

C6H12O6 C6H2O + 5 H2O where C6H2O represents a carbon-rich material, consistent with the observations of gray-black material mentioned above. Dehydration of cellulose is catalyzed by decreased pH. Thermochemical calculations predict a release of approximately over 5,000 kJ/kg (2,100 Btu/lb) of heat from the HTC cellulose dehydration reaction, approximately 1/3 the heat of cellulose combustion. Comparison of Observations Made at Elevated Temperature Landfills with HTC Products Consider the observed conditions in elevated temperature landfills in comparison to the products of HTC: Convex temperature profile – The presence of highest elevated temperature occurring deep in the landfill, in saturated conditions, clearly points away from combustion and toward a hydrothermal reaction. HTC of biomass, including cellulose dehydration, satisfies this condition and the prevalence of cellulose in municipal solid waste, at approximately 35% of municipal solid waste according to the US EPA, could result in the convex temperature profile commonly observed. Highest maximum temperature of 350° F – HTC has been observed in the laboratory as low as 356° F. However, the laboratory work was undertaken in an endeavor to find commercially-viable fuel conversion, and therefore was performed at the lowest possible residence times. Residence times in a landfill are very long which may allow the HTC process to occur at

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somewhat lower temperatures. In addition, decreased pH can catalyze the reaction, potentially allowing it to occur at lower temperatures. Presence of thermally decomposed material – HTC turns biomass into hydrochar, with decreased H/C and O/C ratios. Dehydration transforms cellulose into carbon (char) and water. This is consistent with observations from borings performed in reacting material, where saturated gray-black material and increased leachate volumes are common. This can be contrasted with combustion, at a temperature that produces water vapor. Production of high volume of leachate - The dehydration of cellulose produces char (C6H2O) + water (H2O.) Based on stoichiometric calculations, cellulose dehydration can produce up to 43 gallons of water per ton of waste (24 L/kg) for 35% cellulose. This volume is consistent with the 1,000 gpad observed at one facility with the assumption that the HTC affected a vertical 50-foot thick portion of waste and that water was produced and collected over a several year period. Although the temperatures in the waste at reaction sites can range up to 350° F, those temperatures are typically below the boiling point of water as adjusted for the increased pressure due to leachate head. In contrast, combustion produces water vapor at temperatures well above the boiling point, so that accumulation of liquid water in the waste is minimal. Altered leachate composition – Wirth and Mumme (2013) published data on the residual water from HTC, and cited a BOD range of 10,000 – 40,000 mg/L, showing similarity between HTC liquids and elevated temperature landfill leachate data. (Higher concentrations of BOD than they observed could occur in leachate due to dissolved and suspended char in the liquid matrix or other factors.) Lower leachate pH at elevated temperature landfills is likely attributable to increased concentrations of organic acids. Wirth and Mumme (2013) found that acetic acid represented 13% of the total organic carbon in the aqueous phase after HTC and “… is mainly responsible for the low pH value” of 3.8 that they observed, showing a similarity between HTC liquids and elevated temperature landfill leachate data. Phenols in leachate can be indicators of exothermic reactions at elevated-temperature sites, with concentrations of 2 to 20 mg/L common. In their study using HTC water, Wirth and Mumme (2013) noted a phenol concentration of 290 mg/L. Altered landfill gas composition – HTC does produce minor amounts of carbon dioxide CO2 but does not directly result in the elevated levels of hydrogen (H2), CO2, or carbon monoxide (CO). However, these may be explained as secondary effects of temperature increases from the heat produced by an HTC reaction. Hydrogen production is a component of the CO2-reduction pathway of methanogenesis, so if the CO2 reducing microbes that are usually involved in that process were inactivated by elevated temperatures, accumulation of H2 would be expected, as well as an increase in the CO2 fraction. Isotopic testing has confirmed this mechanism as the source of H2 at one elevated-temperature site, where the average -2H of H2 was -681 per mil compared to -57.97 per mil for methane,

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typical of ‘normal’ landfill methane. Since a more negative -2H value is an indicator of biochemical production, the highly depleted value for the H2 is consistent with biochemical production, rather than production by an abiotic reaction with a metal or with reactive special wastes. Decomposition of cellulose has been shown to produce formic acid (H2CO2), the strongest of the non-chlorinated organic acids. Formic acid is known to decompose to form CO and H2O, so that leachate formic acid concentrations could be a source of CO. Alternatively, similar to H2, there are other aqueous reactions that can produce CO as an indirect effect of HTC where heat generated by HTC interacts with organic matter to generate CO. Summary Based on the above information, cellulose dehydration as a component of HTC, along with secondary reactions, can explain the preponderance of symptoms commonly observed at elevated-temperature MSW landfills. While this is strictly a hypothesis, we believe that it merits additional attention and research as the solid waste industry continues to evaluate the potential causes, assess potential remedial strategies, and identify potential preventative measures.

Civil & Environmental Consultants, Inc.

HENRY B. KERFOOT PRINCIPAL Mr. Kerfoot has over 30 years experience in environmental science and landfills under State laws as well as litigation support under CERCLA and RCRA and State laws ranging from fires and explosions to subsurface fate and transport of contaminants and has worked internationally on environmental compliance. He has been a pioneer in work on landfills with elevated temperatures. He has worked on risk from ash from burning waste, assessment of heat transport and cooling, and calculations based on temperature and geochemical data.

PROJECT EXPERIENCE

At the direction of Sonoma County Counsel, Henry evaluated conditions at the Roblar Landfill, a burn dump, to assess the source of groundwater constituents nearby. He found that the sources of volatile organic compounds were bentonite pellets and a nearby commercial facility, with landfill impacts limited to localized landfill gas impacts that did not threaten water supplies.

In Azusa, California, he investigated a shredded tire monofill for evidence of ongoing smoldering combustion. He used gas sample data from multi-level gas probes to perform geochemical assessments and geothermometry and submit a report to the State of California that showed that there was no ongoing combustion. No further action was required after the report was submitted.

At Frank R Bowerman Landfill in Orange County California, he evaluated the cause of emissions of smoke and steam. He found that the heat was from oxidation of metal sulfides associated with naturally occurring marine shales. He provided advice on management of the reactive materials to avoid future recurrences.

For Orange County, California, he characterized the La Veta Former Refuse Disposal site, a former burn dump that had been redeveloped as a mobile home park, apartments, single family homes and a YMCA with a daycare facility. The evaluation included risks from dioxins/furans and metals in ash, vapor intrusion from volatile organic compounds, and methane from unburned waste.

For a major landfill firm, he developed a test of the performance and cost of two methods of cooling waste that had been affected by a self-sustaining exothermic reaction (SSER) to cool it to a temperature that would not allow propagation of the SSER.

At a municipal solid waste landfill in Hawaii, he evaluated data from a landfill with elevated temperatures to assess the source of elevated hydrogen (H2) in the landfill gas and the magnitudes of heat production from different sources in a heat balance.

At the OII CERCLA site in California with red-hot temperatures in the waste, he evaluated groundwater data and showed that volatile organic compounds in groundwater were from landfill gas and not leachate. He assessed groundwater nickel concentrations and showed that they originated from stainless steel well casings.

For Comal County, Texas, he provided expert testimony in opposition to protest of an expansion permit for a municipal solid waste landfill serving the county. He used geochemical and gas data to show that volatile organic

EDUCATION M.S., Chemistry, Florida State University B.A., Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University TRAINING 40-Hour HAZWOPER Training

Civil & Environmental Consultants, Inc.

compounds in groundwater were from landfill gas and not flow of leachate into groundwater.

At Simi Valley Landfill and Recycling Center, he evaluated gas probe sample data leachate chemistry and isotope data to evaluate the relative contributions of underlying natural gas deposit and the waste to methane concentrations in probe samples. He used gas constituent concentrations to show that natural attenuation was occurring and to support monitored natural attenuation as a corrective action.

For Stephenson’s Road Landfill in Victoria, Australia, a site where 28 residences were evacuated due to landfill gas migration, he prepared a Conceptual Site Model, Risk Assessment, Assessment of Cleanup Technologies and Cleanup Plan that were accepted by regulators. He was the first to consider methane destruction by natural microbes in evaluating the fate of the methane, the risk from it, and it was the basis for the approved natural attenuation corrective action.

For Orange County California he evaluated Forster Canton Landfill groundwater data and showed that monitored natural attenuation was an appropriate remedy for groundwater impacts.

At the Lowry Landfill CERCLA site near Denver, he was the Lead Gas for the Landfill Gas Operable Unit. He showed that groundwater impacts were from gas and not leachate. He negotiated the scope of for an Administrative Order on Consent with US EPA and provided expert litigation support to the City and County of Denver and Waste Management and in two successful cost recovery actions.

In Las Vegas, Nevada he provided expert support for Southwest in the fire and explosion at the PEPCON ammonium perchlorate plant in Henderson, Nevada. Based on his work a motion in limine to exclude data obtained at a cost of $1.6 million was unopposed.

He provided expert support in assessment of groundwater contamination by products and firefighting foam vs past releases at the Kalama Chemical CERCLA site in South Carolina in insurance-claim litigation working with Steven Hale of Perkins Coie on behalf of Kalama Chemical.

Dr. Marco J. Castaldi

Associate Professor Chemical Engineering Department

The City College (CCNY) of City University of New York (CUNY) Marco Castaldi was born in New York City and received his B.S. ChE (Magna cum Laude) from Manhattan College. His Ph.D. is in Chemical Engineering from UCLA and he has minors in Advanced Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics. Prior to joining CCNY he was Associate Professor at Columbia University’s Earth & Environmental Engineering Department. Professor Castaldi has approximately 60 peer-reviewed research articles, 40 peer-reviewed conference papers, 3 book chapters and 11 patents in the fields of catalysis, combustion and gasification. Some of his research findings have been covered by The New York Times, The Observer, CNN, and other trade publications. In addition, he is the Editor of the North American Waste to Energy Conference (NAWTEC) Series (ISBN: 978-0-7918-4393-2), Co-Editor of the Waste to Energy text published by Woodhead Publishing, Editorial Board Member of Waste and Biomass Valorization published through Springer (ISSN: 1877-2641) and Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). Prior to his academic career in Professor Castaldi worked first as Manager of Fuel Processor Component Development for Precision Combustion Inc. in New Haven, CT overseeing projects totaling $5 MM. Professor Castaldi is currently Chair of the Materials and Energy Recovery Division of ASME and Chair of the Research and New Technology Council of AIChE and recent Past-Chair of the North American Catalysis Society’s New York Metropolitan Section. He is a consultant to several companies including WasteManagement and AECOM. Recent professional activities and awards include:

2015 National Academies’ Intelligence Science and Technology Expert Group (ISTEG) 2014 National Research Council, Panel Member Appointment 2012 Chair, Research and New Technology Council (RANTC) for the American Institute

of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) 2007 – 2012 Sustainability Steward of the Research and New Technology Council (RANTC) 2010 – 2011 Chairman, North American Catalysis Society’s New York Metropolitan Section 2011 – present Executive Committee: American Mechanical Engineering Soc. (ASME) Material &

Energy Recovery Division 2012 National Academy of Engineering Fellow, Frontiers of Engineering Education 2010 American Chemical Soc. Environmental Division Best Paper Presentation 2010 Honorary Professor: ChongQing University of Science & Technology 2010 Columbia University Presidential List of 100 Prestigious Faculty 2009 National Science Foundation CAREER Award 2009 International Precious Metal Institute Student Advisor Award 2007 Chinese “111” Program of Overseas Academic Backbone University Introduction 2007 Nominated for Dreyfus Foundation; Teachers Scholar Award 2006 Columbia University, SEAS Distinguished Faculty Teaching Award 2005 ASME, Gas Turbine Award 2004 SAE, Nominated for the Max Bentele Award 2004 ASME, Best Applications Paper Award 2002 Manhattan College, Top 10 Engineering Professors

Dr. Castaldi is the Director of the Waste-to-Energy Research and Technology Council (WTERT) in the United States, an international organization that supports several students and post doctoral researchers; also, his group is recognized by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers as the foremost research group on chemical kinetics of converting wastes to energy. Dr. Castaldi’s research will lead to the development of advanced waste-to-energy processes and in particular the high-efficiency recovery of energy from biomass processes using catalysis. Understanding the fundamental reaction sequences and their associated kinetic parameters is the sure way to provide the requisite capability to explore and develop new technologies while improving existing ones for converting “waste” resources into renewable energy. Currently Dr. Castaldi has established the Earth Engineering Center at City College, City University of New York. The goal of EEC|CCNY is to bring to bear rigorous engineering solutions that enable responsible use of energy and materials for the advancement of society. Through industry collaborations and research sponsorship EEC|CCNY develops novel solutions to some of the world’s most pressing problems. EEC|CCNY routinely engages students with industry professionals enabling a holistic approach to creative realistic, forward-looking applications. The reach of EEC|CCNY is international in scope with many projects connecting international students and companies with a global presence.

Curriculum Vitae Marco J. Castaldi, Ph.D.

Personal Birth Date: March 19, 1970 Gender: Male Citizenship: United States of America Status: Married with three children

Education

Ph.D. Chemical Engineering, 1997, University of California, Los Angeles Advisor: Selim M. Senkan M.S. Chemical Engineering, 1994, University of California, Los Angeles Advisor: Selim M. Senkan B.S. Chemical Engineering, Magna Cum Laude, 1992, Manhattan College

Employment Experience 2012 – present Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering, City College of New York/CUNY 2012 – Associate Professor, Earth & Environmental Engineering, Columbia University 2004-2012 Assistant Professor, Earth & Environmental Engineering, Columbia University. 2001-2004 Manager, Fuel Processor Comp. Dev., Precision Combustion Inc., New Haven, CT.

Initiated the fuel cell fuel processor work in 1997. Principal investigator on NSF grants and commercial contracts with industrial fuel cell partners totaling $3 MM. Responsible for developing fuel processor components exceeding DOE’s PNGV 2004 targets for size, weight, response time, turndown, and durability. Focused on cost reduction of system and long-term durability. Interfaced with commercial customers for prudent and efficient design and testing

1997-2001 Research and Development Engineer, Precision Combustion Inc., New Haven, CT. Lead

researcher on catalyst development for gas turbine applications using natural gas, biomass and liquid fuels. Responsible for $2 MM development program. Conducted demonstration tests at industrial partners’ sites on catalytic combustion devices for gas turbine applications. Introduced and developed analytical techniques using GC to further understanding of current reactor systems under development (catalytic and non-catalytic). Initiated and completed model development of PCI’s SCT substrate reactor which encompasses kinetic and transport fundamentals. Designed and conducted experiments to determine kinetics of lean liquid fuel catalytic combustion, the results of which have been incorporated into a proprietary model. Initiated and implemented unattended testing capability for catalyst life testing. Achieved the first 1000 hour catalytic reactor demonstration.

1995 Internship at Sandia National Laboratory, Livermore California, Combustion Research

Facility. Collaborated with research group to develop a REMPI TOF mass spectrometry analysis of co-flow hydrocarbon diffusion flames.

1992-1997 Graduate Student Research Assistant, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCLA.

Initiated work on PAH detection and understanding for hydrocarbon and chlorinated fuel rich premixed and diffusion flames. Conducted limited interdepartmental research in Fullerene experimentation and aerosol agglomeration.

Awards/Recognition

2014 National Research Council, Panel Member Appointment 2012 Fellow, National Academy of Engineering Frontiers of Eng. Ed. 2010 ACS Environmental Division Best Paper Presentation 2010 Honorary Professor: ChongQing University of Science & Technology 2009 National Science Foundation CAREER Award 2009 International Precious Metal Institute Student Advisor Award 2007 Nominated for Dreyfus Foundation; Teachers Scholar Award 2006 Columbia University, SEAS Distinguished Faculty Teaching Award 2005 ASME, Gas Turbine Award 2004 SAE, Nominated for the Max Bentele Award 2004 ASME, Best Applications Paper Award 2002 Manhattan College, Top 10 Engineering Professors 1994-1997 USDOEd Fellowship, Pollution Prevention Committee 1992 UCLA Center for Clean Technology, Arco Fellowship 1991-1992 American Cyanamid Scholarship 1988-1992 Amalgamated Lithographers Scholarship

Research Funding (Total = $3,020,557)

Sustainable Engineering Graduate Scholars Program - Diversifying the Pipeline to the PhD National Science Foundation: $594,990; co-PI, 03/15/12 – 3/14/17

Environmentally Significant Reforming Reactions Studied Using a Novel Catalytic Shock Tube. National Science Foundation CAREER: $400,000; Sole PI, 7/1/2009 – 6/30/2014

Greenhouse Gas Reforming Waste Management Incorporated: $300,000; co-PI, 1/1/2008 – 12/31/2009

Investigation into Biomass Gasification Electric Power Research Institute: $110,000; Sole PI, 1/1/2008 – 9/1/2009 BASF Catalytic Reforming Program: $660,000; Sole PI, 7/1/07 – 8/31/10 Reforming Undergraduate Education in Environmental Engineering: Urban Studios as Knowledge

Delivery Systems and Vehicles for Service Learning National Science Foundation – $999,250; co-PI, 9/1/2004 – 8/31/2007 Investigation of the Use of Short Contact Time (SCT) Reactors for the Reforming of Scramjet Fuels Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFB, $115,000; Sole PI, 1/1/2007 – 6/1/2008 Investigation into Biomass Gasification Electric Power Research Institute, $8,000; Sole PI, 3/1/2007 – 9/1/2007 Development of an Integrated Fuel Processing System for Logistical Fuels AlliantTech Systems, $59,000; Sole PI 10/1/2006 – 6/30/2007 JP8 fuel processor reforming for fuel cell applications Office of Navel research, STTR $31,000; Sole PI, 8/31/2005 – 3/1/2006 Autothermal Reforming of Greenhouse gases - CH4 and CO2 National Science Fondation -$72,000; sole – PI 3/1/2006 – 2/1/2007 Chemical Synthesis Investigation using Short Contact Time (SCT) Reactors Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, $28,307; Sole PI 2/1/2006 – 9/30/2006 Understanding the Mechanisms to Waste to Energy Combustors Integrated Waste Services Association $70,000; Sole PI 1/1/2007 – 12/31/2007 Thermal conversion of waste tires Integrated Waste Services Association $59,000; Sole PI 1/1/2006 – 12/31/2006 Thermal conversion of waste tires Integrated Waste Services Association $59,000; Sole PI 1/1/2005 – 12/31/2005

Novel approaches to develop greenhouse gas reduction systems Energy Answers Corporation $50,000; co-PI, 3/1/2005 – 10/1/2005

Society Memberships

American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) 2010 Vice-Chair, Research and New Technology Council (RANTC) American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Sustainability Steward – 2007-present North American Catalysis Society; New York Metropolitan Section President (2010-2011) American Chemical Society (ACS) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Editor; Solid Waste Processing Division Proceedings – 2006-present Executive Committee: Treasurer (2010) American Society of Environmental Engineering Professionals (ASEEP) American Society of Engineering Education (ASEE) Officer Tau Beta Pi Engineering Honor Society, New York Xi Chapter Omega Chi Epsilon Chemical Engineering Honor Society Epsilon Sigma Pi College Honor Society

Services to profession

1. American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) proposal review board 2. President 2011, North American Catalysis Society, Metro New York Section 3. School of Engineering Dean’s Committee on Faculty Mentoring 4. Selected for The Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 program)

Zhejiang University: China – 5 year visiting scholar position 5. Editorial Board of journal Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344) 6. President 2010, North American Catalysis Society, Metro New York Section 7. President-elect 2009, North American Catalysis Society, Metro New York Section 8. Founded the Order of the Engineer Chapter at Columbia in April 2009 9. Proceedings Editor, North American Waste to Energy Conference, ASME International 10. American Institute of Chemical Engineers Sustainability Steward (2005 – present) 11. Editorial Board Member: Waste and Biomass Valorization Journal, Springer 12. Executive Committee Member – ASME Solid Waste Processing Division 13. Plenary Lecture: International Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3) Annual Conference (June

2007) 14. Keynote Lecture: Joint Conference American Chemical Society & American Institute of

Chemical Engineers Annual Conference (ACS/AIChE), (April 2008) 15. Invited Lecture: New York Academy of Sciences - Carbon Management: Reducing U.S.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Symposium (February 2008) 16. Invited Lecture: American Institute of Chemical Engineers & American Chemical Society

(AIChE/ACS), Second Annual Energy & Resources Conference (December 2007) 17. Invited Lecture: University of Florida, Gainesville, Departmental Symposium Series –

Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies, (November 2007) 18. Invited Lecture: Engineering Annual Fund Presentation, February 2008. 19. High School Mentoring Program: Outreach to high school students to interest them in science and

engineering – program attracts more than 50% women and more than 50% underrepresented groups (2005 – present)

20. Undergraduate curriculum development committee for Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering (2004 – present)

21. Chair, Graduate Program, Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering (2006 – present) 22. Chair, Earth & Environmental Engineering Seminar Series (2004 – 2006) 23. Director of Experimental Research, Waste to Energy Research Technology Council (WTERT)

(2006 – present) 24. Academic liaison to ASME Energy & Environmental Research Division (2006 – present) 25. Session Chair, 15th North American Waste-to-Energy Conference (NAWTEC), Tampa, Fl. 26. Consulted on high pressure methane extraction system project – World Energy Systems, LLC. 27. Reviewer for Industrial Chemical & Engineering Research, Environmental Science and

Technology, Combustion and Flame, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Energy and Fuels, Chemical Engineering Journal, Catalysis Today, Applied Catalysis, Chemical Engineering Education, Fuels.

Publications Peer-reviewed archived journals Publications as Faculty Member 1. Butterman, H. C.; Castaldi, M. J.; Gelix, F.; Borrut, D.; Nicol, F.; Lefebvre, B., Biomass and RDF

Gasification Using Ballistic Heating TGA Analysis. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2014, 5 (4), 607-623.

2. Prabowo, B.; Umeki, K.; Yan, M.; Nakamura, M. R.; Castaldi, M. J.; Yoshikawa, K., CO 2–steam mixture for direct and indirect gasification of rice straw in a downdraft gasifier: laboratory-scale experiments and performance prediction. Applied Energy 2014, 113, 670-679;

3. Lusardi, M. R.; Kohn, M.; Themelis, N. J.; Castaldi, M. J., Technical assessment of the CLEERGAS moving grate-based process for energy generation from municipal solid waste. Waste Management & Research 2014, 0734242X14543813;

4. Kohn, M. P.; Castaldi, M. J.; Farrauto, R. J., Biogas reforming for syngas production: The effect of methyl chloride. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 2014, 144, 353-361;

5. Klinghoffer, N. B.; Castaldi, M. J., Gasification and Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). ChemInform 2014, 45 (15);

6. Frank, A.; Castaldi, M. J., CFD analysis of municipal solid waste combustion using detailed chemical kinetic modelling. Waste Management & Research 2014, 32 (8), 745-754;

7. Fitzgerald, G. C.; Castaldi, M. J.; Schicks, J. M., Methane Hydrate Formation and Thermal Based Dissociation Behavior in Silica Glass Bead Porous Media. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2014, 53 (16), 6840-6854;

8. Ciuta, S.; Patuzzi, F.; Baratieri, M.; Castaldi, M. J., Biomass energy behavior study during pyrolysis process by intraparticle gas sampling. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2014, 108, 316-322;

9. Castaldi, M. J., Perspectives on Sustainable Waste Management. Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering 2014, 5, 547-562.

10. Duyar, M.S., Farrauto, R.J., Castaldi, M.J., Yegulalp, T.M., In-Situ CO2 Capture Using CaO/-Al2O3 Washcoated Monoliths for Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift Reaction Ind. & Eng. Chem. Res 2013,

11. Kwon, E.E., Jeon, E.C., Castaldi M.J., Effect of carbon dioxide on the thermal degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, Environ. Sci. Technol, 2013, 47 (18), 10541-10547

12. Fitzgerald, G.C., Castaldi, M.J., Thermal Stimulation Based Methane Production from Hydrate Bearing Quartz Sediment, Ind. & Eng. Chem. Res, 2013, 52 (19), 6571-6581

13. Mohammadi, P., Tabatabaei, M., Nikbakht,A.M., Farhadi, K., Castaldi M.J., Simultaneous Energy Recovery from Waste Polymers in Biodiesel and Improving Fuel Properties, Waste & Bio. Valor., 2013, 4 (1), 105-116

14. Kwon, E.E., Castaldi M.J., Urban energy mining from municipal solid waste (MSW) via the enhanced thermo–chemical process by carbon dioxide CO2 as a reaction medium, Biores. Tech., 2012, 125, 23-29

15. Kwon, E.E., Castaldi M.J., Mechanistic understanding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the thermal degradation of tires under various oxygen concentration atmospheres, Env. Sci. Tech., 2012, 46 (23), 12921-12926

16. Fitzgerald, G.C., Castaldi, M.J., Zhou, Y., Large scale reactor details and results for the formation and decomposition of methane hydrates via thermal stimulation dissociation J. Petr. Sci. Eng., 2012, 94, 19-27

17. Klinghoffer, N.B., Castaldi, M.J., Nzihou A., Catalyst properties and catalytic performance of char from biomass gasification, Ind. & Eng. Chem. Res., 2012, 51 (40), 13113-13122

18. Kwon, E.E., Yi, H., Castaldi M.J., Utilizing carbon dioxide as a reaction medium to mitigate production of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the thermal decomposition of styrene butadiene rubber, Env. Sci. Tech. 2012, 46 (19), 10752-10757

19. Butterman, H.C.; Castaldi, M.J., Experimental Investigation of Lignin Decomposition and Char Structure During CO2 and H2O/N2 Gasification; Waste Bio. Valor. 2011, 3 (1), 49-60

20. Leylegian, J., Chinitz, W., Benel,G., Castaldi, M.J., Investigation of Short Contact Time Reactors for Regeneratively Cooled Hypersonic Vehicles; J. Prop. Power, 2011, 28 (2), 412-422

21. Simson, A., Farrauto, R., Castaldi, M.J., Steam reforming of ethanol/gasoline mixtures: Deactivation, regeneration and stable performance; App. Catal. B: Environ, 2011 106 (3-4), pp. 295-303.

22. Walker, M.E., Abbasian, J., Chmielewski, D.J., Castaldi, M.J.; Dry gasification oxy-combustion power cycle; Energy and Fuels. 2011 25(5): 2258-2266

23. Klinghoffer, N.B., Barrai, F., Castaldi, M.J.; Autothermal reforming of JP8 on a Pt/Rh catalyst: Catalyst durability studies and effects of sulfur; J. Power Source. 2011, 196(15): 6374-6381

24. Gruene, P; Belova, A.G; Yegulalp, T.M; Farrauto, R.J; Castaldi, M.J, Dispersed Calcium Oxide as a Reversible and Efficient CO2-Sorbent at Intermediate Temperatures, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50(7): 4042-4049

25. Kohn, M; Lee, J; Basinger, M.L; Castaldi, M.J., Performance of an Internal Combustion Engine Operating on Landfill Gas and the Effect of Syngas Addition, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50 (6): 3570–3579

26. Butterman, H.C.; Castaldi, M.J., Biomass to Fuels: Impact of Reaction Medium and Heating Rate, Env. Eng. Sci., 2010, 27(7): 539-555

27. Barrai, F., Castaldi, M.J., “Experimental investigation of a JP8 Fuel Processor: ATR and CO-cleanup train.” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49 (4), 2010, 1577–1587

28. Castaldi, M.J., and Themelis, N.J., The Case for Increasing the Global Capacity for Waste to Energy (WTE)” Waste Biomass Valor, 1 (1), 2010, pp. 91-105.

29. Kohn, M., Castaldi M.J., and Farrauto, R.J., “Auto-thermal and Dry Reforming of landfill gas over a Rh/γAl2O3 monolith catalyst.” App. Catal. B: Environ, (94), 2010, 125-133.

30. Nakamura, M.R., Castaldi, M.J., Themelis, N.J., “Stochastic and physical modeling of motion of municipal solid waste (MSW) particles on a waste-to-energy (WTE) moving grate.” International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 49, (6), 2010, 984-992.

31. Butterman, H. C.; Castaldi, M.J, “CO2 as a Carbon Neutral Fuel Source via Enhanced Biomass Gasification.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 2009, 43 (23), pp 9030–9037.

32. Butterman, H. C.; Castaldi, M. J., “Syngas Production via CO2 Enhanced Gasification of Biomass Fuels”. Environmental Engineering Science 2009, 26, (4), 703-713

33. Zhou, Y.; Castaldi, M.J.; Yegulalp, T.M., “Experimental investigation of methane gas production from methane hydrate": Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2009, 48, 3142–3149

34. Xu, Cheng-Yuan; Griffin, Kevin L.; Blazier, John C.; Craig, Elizabeth C.; Gilbert, Dominique S.; Sritrairat, Sanpisa; Anderson, O. Roger; Castaldi, Marco J.; Beaumont, Larry. The growth

response of Alternanthera philoxeroides in a simulated post-combustion emission with ultrahigh [CO2] and acidic pollutants. Environmental Pollution, 2009, 157(7), 2118-2125.

35. Eichelbaum, M, Farrauto, R.J. Castaldi, M.J., “The Impact of Urea on the Performance of Fe-Exchanged Beta Zeolites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx I. Pyrolysis and Hydrolysis of Urea over Zeolite Catalysts” – Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2010, (97), 90-97

36. Eichelbaum, M, Siemerb, A.B., Farrauto, R.J. Castaldi, M.J., “The Impact of Urea on the Performance of Fe-Beta Zeolites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx II. Catalytic Studies’ – Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2010, (97), 98-107

37. Castaldi, M.J; Zhou, Y.; Yegulalp, T.M.; “Large scale reactor results for the formation and decomposition of methane hydrates”, 2008, in-review - J. Pet. Sci. Eng

38. Nakamura, M.; Castaldi, M.J.; Themelis, N.J.; “A 2-dimensional stochastic model for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) particle mixing within a waste-to-energy (WTE) combustion bed” 2008, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, in review

39. Kwon, Eilhann; Castaldi, Marco J.. Fundamental Understanding of the Thermal Degradation Mechanisms of Waste Tires and Their Air Pollutant Generation in a N2 Atmosphere. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43(15), 5996-6002.

40. Simson, A., Waterman, E., Farrauto, R.J., Castaldi, M.J. “Kinetic and process study for ethanol reforming using a Rh/Pt washcoated monolith catalyst.” Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 89, (1-2), 2009, 58-64

41. McLaughlin, N. M., and Castaldi, M.J, (2008) In-Situ Measurement Techniques in Catalysis for Mechanism Development, Chapter in Catalysis Series, Royal Society of Chemistry. RSC Publishing, Ed. Spivey, J.J.

42. Dorazio, L., Ruettinger, W., Castaldi, M.J, Farrauto, B.F., “Deactivation, Regeneration, and Stable Performance of a Platinum-Molybdenum-Rhenium Water Gas Shift Catalyst for on-Site Hydrogen Generation,” Topics in Catalysis, 2008, 51 (1-4), pp. 68-75.

43. Zeman, F.; Castaldi, M., An investigation of synthetic fuel production via chemical looping. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42, (8), 2723-2727.

44. Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M.J, “Investigation of Mechanisms of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Initiated from the Thermal Degradation of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) in N2 Atmosphere”, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2008, 42, (6), 2175-2180.

45. Kaufman, S.; Krishnan, N.; Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M.; Themelis, N.; Rechberger, H., Examination of the Fate of Carbon in Waste Management Systems through Statistical Entropy and Life Cycle Analysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42, (22), 8558-8563

46. Castaldi, M.J; Kwon, E.; Weiss, B., Beneficial Use of Waste Tires: An Integrated Gasification and Combustion Process Design via Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and Poly-Isoprene (IR). Environ. Eng. Sci. 2007, 24, (8), 1160-1178. (Invited Paper)

47. Castaldi, M.J, (2007), "Removal of Trace Contaminants from Fuel Processing Reformate: Preferential Oxidation (Prox)." Chapter for Hydrogen and Syngas, John Wiley. Eds. Subramani,V., Song, C., Liu, K.

48. Barrai, F.; Jackson, T.; Whitmore, N.; Castaldi, M.J, “The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas.” Catalysis Today 2007, 129, (3-4), 391-396.

49. Butterman, H. C.; Castaldi, M.J, “Influence of CO2 Injection on Biomass Gasification.” Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 2007, 46, (26), 8875-8886.

50. Castaldi, M.J; Barrai, F., “An investigation into water and thermal balance for a liquid fueled fuel processor.” Catalysis Today 2007, 129, (3-4), 397-406.

51. Castaldi, M.J; Zhou, Y.; Yegulalp, T. M., Down-hole combustion method for gas production from methane hydrates. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 2007, 56, (1-3), 176-185, (Invited Paper).

52. Castaldi, M.J; Dooher, J. P., Investigation into a catalytically controlled reaction gasifier (CCRG) for coal to hydrogen. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2007, 32, (17), 4170-4179.

53. Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M.J, “An Investigation into the Mechanisms for Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer (SBR) Conversion in Combustion and Gasification Environments.” International Journal of Green Energy 2007, 4, 45-63.

54. Dorazio, L. D. and Castaldi, M.J, “Autothermal reforming of tetradecane (C14H30): A mechanistic approach” Catalysis Today, 2008, 136 (3-4), 273-280.

55. Lee, S.-H.; Themelis, N. J.; Castaldi, M. J., High-temperature corrosion in waste-to-energy boilers. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 2007, 16, (1), 104-110.

56. Mohan, M. A.; May, N.; Assaf-Anid, N. M.; Castaldi, M.J, “Biomass as a sustainable energy source: an illustration of ChE thermodynamic concepts.” Chemical Engineering Education 2006, 40, (4), 259-267.

57. Schiff, D. M.; Castaldi, M.J, “An affordable diesel exhaust particulate matter removal unit for developing countries.” Chemical Engineering Education 2006, in revision.

58. Weiss, B.; Castaldi, M. J., “A tire gasification senior design project that integrates laboratory experiments and computer simulation.” Chemical Engineering Education 2006, 40, (3), 203-210.

59. Smith, L. L.; Karim, H.; Castaldi, M.J; Etemad, S.; Pfefferle, W. C., “Rich-Catalytic Lean-burn combustion for fuel-flexible operation with ultra low emissions.” Catalysis Today 2006, 117, (4), 438-446.

60. Smith, L. L.; Karim, H.; Castaldi, M. J.; Etemad, S.; Pfefferle, W. C.; Khanna, V.; Smith, K. O., Rich-Catalytic Lean-Burn Combustion for Low-Single-Digit NOx Gas Turbines. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 2005, 127, (1), 27-35. (Best Applications Paper Award)

61. Roychoudhury, S.; Castaldi, M.; Lyubovsky, M.; LaPierre, R.; Ahmed, S., “Microlith catalytic reactors for reforming iso-octane-based fuels into hydrogen.” Journal of Power Sources 2005, 152, 75-86.

62. Castaldi, M.J; LaPierre, R.; Lyubovski, M.; Pfefferle, W.; Roychoudhury, S., “Effect of water on performance and sizing of fuel-processing reactors.” Catalysis Today 2005, 99, (3-4), 339-346.

63. Castaldi, M.J; Dorazio, L.; Assaf-Anid, N., “Relating abstract chemical thermodynamic concepts to real-world problems.” Chemical Engineering Education 2004, 38, (4), 268-271.

64. Castaldi, M. J., Senkan, S.M., “Combustion.” In Ullman's Encyclopedia, 6th Ed, Ullman's, Ed. Ullmans: 2004.

Publications as Industrial Author 1. Smith, L. L., Karim, Hasan, Castaldi, Marco J., Etemad, S., Pfefferle, W. C., Khanna, V. K., Smith,

K.O., “Rich-Catalytic Lean-Burn Combustion for Low-Single-Digit NOx Gas Turbines.” ASME Turbo Expo: Power for Land, Sea & Air; 2003.

2. Lyubovsky, M.; Smith, L. L.; Castaldi, M.; Karim, H.; Nentwick, B.; Etemad, S.; LaPierre, R.; Pfefferle, W. C., “Catalytic combustion over platinum group catalysts: fuel-lean versus fuel-rich operation.” Catalysis Today 2003, 83, (1-4), 71-84.

3. Castaldi, M. J., Roychoudhury, S., Boorse, R.S., Karim, H., LaPierre, R., Pfefferle, W.C. “Compact, Lightweight Preferential CO Oxidation (PROX) Reactor Development and Design for PEM Automotive Fuel Cell Applications.”, Fuel Processing Session I, Proceedings from the 2003 Spring National Meeting and Process Industries Exposition, New Orleans, LA, March 30 - April 3, 2003; AIChE, Ed.

4. Castaldi, M. J., Lyubovsky. M., LaPierre, R., Pfefferle, W.C., and Roychoudhury, S., “Performance of Microlith Based Catalytic Reactors for an Isooctane Reforming System.” SAE Technical Paper 2003, (2003-01-1366).

5. Pfefferle, W. C.; Castaldi, M.; Etemad, S.; Karim, H.; Lyubovsky, M.; Roychoudhury, S.; Smith, L., “Catalysts for improved process efficiency.” 223rd ACS National Meeting, Orlando, FL, United States, April 7-11, 2002 2002, CATL-018.

6. Castaldi, M. J., Boorse, Samuel, R., Roychoudhury, S., Menacherry, P., Pfefferle, W.C. “Lightweight, Compact, Ultra-fast Short Contact Time Preferential Oxidation Reactor for

Automotive PEM Fuel Cell Applications.”, NSF National Meeting, San Juan, Puerto Rico, January, 2002.

Publications as Doctoral Student 1. Marinov, N. M.; Pitz, W. J.; Westbrook, C. K.; Vincitore, A. M.; Castaldi, M. J.; Senkan, S. M.;

Melius, C. F., “Aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in a laminar premixed n-butane flame.” Combustion and Flame 1998, 114, (1/2), 192-213.

2. Marinov, N. M.; Castaldi, M. J.; Melius, C. F.; Tsang, W., “Aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in a premixed propane flame.” Combustion Science and Technology 1998, 131, (1-6), 295-342.

3. Castaldi, M. J.; Senkan, S. M., “Real-time, ultrasensitive monitoring of air toxics by laser photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 1998, 48, (1), 77-81.

4. Gittins, C. M.; Castaldi, M. J.; Senkan, S. M.; Rohlfing, E. A., “Real-Time Quantitative Analysis of Combustion-Generated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.” Analytical Chemistry 1997, 69, (3), 286-293.

5. Marinov, N. M.; Pitz, W. J.; Westbrook, C. K.; Castaldi, M. J.; Senkan, S. M., “Modeling of aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in premixed methane and ethane flames.” Combustion Science and Technology 1996, 116-117, (1-6), 211-287.

6. Castaldi, M. J.; Senkan, S. M., “PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) formation in the premixed flame of ethane.” Combustion Science and Technology 1996, 116-117, (1-6), 167-181.

7. Castaldi, M. J.; Marinov, N. M.; Melius, C. F.; Huang, J.; Senkan, S. M.; Pitz, W. J.; Westbrook, C. K., “Experimental and modeling investigation of aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in a premixed ethylene flame.” Symposium (International) on Combustion, [Proceedings] 1996, 26th, (Vol. 1), 693-702.

8. Castaldi, M. J., Senkan, S.M., “Formation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Hydrocarbon Combustion: Comparative New Results from Premixed Flames.” Combustion and Flame, 1996, 107, 141-150.

9. Castaldi, M. J., Vincitore, A.M., Senkan, S.M., “Micro-Structures of Premixed Hydrocarbon Flames: Methane.” Combust. Sci. and Tech 1995, 107, 1-19.

Peer-reviewed Technical Conference Proceedings – entire paper reviewed. Columbia University Faculty 1. Castaldi, M.J., “Solid Carbon Feedstock Gasification using CO2: Simulation and Experiment”

Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering-09 (ICOPE-09) November 16-20, Kobe, Japan, 2009

2. Castaldi, M.J., Butterman, H.C., Kwon, E.Y., and Westby, K.J. "Solid Carbon Conversion (Biomass, MSW and Coal) via CO2." Preprints – 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Paper # 32 Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Aug 23-27, 2009

3. Westby, K., and Castaldi, M.J., “A Comparison of landfill gas to energy technologies” Paper # 120. Conference Proceedings; International Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3) 28th, Air & Waste Management Association, Cincinnati, OH, May 2009.

4. Kwon, E., Westby, K., and Castaldi, M.J. " An Investigation into the syngas production from municipal solid wastes (MSW) gasification under various pressures and CO2 concentration atmospheres." Paper #46. Conference Proceedings; International Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3) 28th, Air & Waste Management Association, Cincinnati, OH, May 2009.

5. Castaldi, M.J. and Butterman, H.C., “Biomass to fuels: The impact of reaction medium and heating rate.” Paper # 57. Conference Proceedings; International Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3) 28th, Air & Waste Management Association, Cincinnati, OH, May 2009

6. Nakamura, M., Castaldi, M.J., and Themelis, N.J., “Quantitative analysis of the flow, mixing and size segregation phenomena of municipal solid waste particles on traveling grate of waste-to-energy (WTE) combustion chamber” NAWTEC17, Proceedings of the Annual North American Waste to Energy Conference, 17th, Chantilly, VA, United States, May 18-20, 2009.

7. Kwon, E., and Castaldi, M.J. (2008). " An Investigation into the syngas production from municipal solid wastes (MSW) gasification under various pressures and CO2 concentration atmospheres. NAWTEC17, Proceedings of the Annual North American Waste to Energy Conference, 17th, Chantilly, VA, United States, May 18-20, 2009.

8. Lee S-H., Castaldi, M.J., and Themelis, N.J., The Effects of Varied Hydrogen Chloride Gas Concentrations on Corrosion Rates of Commercial Tube Alloys Under Simulated Environment of WTE Facilities NAWTEC16, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 16th Philadelphia, PA, United States, May 19-21, 2008, paper#16-1916

9. Kwon E., and Castaldi, M.J., An Investigation of the Thermal Degradation Mechanisms of Waste Tire Through Chemical Analysis Including Light Hydrocarbons, Benzene Derivatives, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) at High Temperature NAWTEC16, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 16th Philadelphia, PA, United States, May 19-21, 2008, paper# 16-1914, p. 14-20

10. Butterman, H.C., and Castaldi, M.J., CO2 Enhanced Steam Gasification of Biomass Fuels NAWTEC16, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 16th Philadelphia, PA, United States, May 19-21, 2008 paper# 16-1949, p. 32-36

11. Kaufman S., Krishnan N., Themelis N. J., Castaldi M. J., Kwon E., Use of Statistical Entropy and Life Cycle Analysis to Evaluate Global Warming Potential of Waste Management Systems NAWTEC16, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 16th Philadelphia, PA, United States, May 19-21, 2008, paper# 16-1915, p. 85-90

12. Zanes, M., Barlaz, M., Themelis, N.J. and Castaldi, M.J.,The Center for Sustainable Use of Resources: Quantifying Climate Change Impacts of Managing Wastes NAWTEC17, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 17th Chantilly, VA, United States, May 18-20, 2009 paper# 17-2356, p. 1-7

13. Kwon, E, Westby, K.J. and Castaldi, M.J., An Investigation Into the Syngas Production From Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Gasification Under Various Pressures and CO2 Concentration Atmospheres NAWTEC17, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 17th Chantilly, VA, United States, May 18-20, 2009 paper# 17-2351, p. 30-35

14. Nakamura, M., Castaldi, M.J., and Themelis, N,J, Quantitative Analysis of the Flow, Mixing, and Size Segregation Phenomena of Municipal Solid Waste Particles on Traveling Grate of Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Combustion Chamber NAWTEC17, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 17th Chantilly, VA, United States, May 18-20, 2009 paper# 17-2367

15. Castaldi, Marco J.; Hydrogen production from carbon-based resources: an experimental and modeling mechanistic investigation. Preprints - American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry (2008), 53(1), 43-46

16. Butterman, Heidi C.; Castaldi, Marco J. Executive summary: CO2 enhanced steam gasification of biomass fuels. Proceedings of the International Technical Conference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems (2008), 33rd (1), 615-616

17. Castaldi, Marco J.; Dooher, John P.; Butterman, Heide. Co-gasification of coal and biomass in slurry fed entrained flow reactors. Proceedings of the International Technical Conference on Coal Utilization & Fuel Systems (2008), 33rd (1), 459-470.

18. Castaldi, Marco J.; Zhou, Yue; Yegulalp, Tuncel. Gas production from methane hydrates. Abstracts of Papers, 237th ACS National Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, March 22-26, 2009

19. Schiff, D. M.; Castaldi, M. J.. “Development of an Affordable, Simple, Robust Diesel Exhaust Particulate Removal Unit for Trucks and Buses,” Air and Waste Management's 100th Conference and Exhibition, Pittsburgh, PA, June 26-29, 2007; Association, A&WMA, Ed.

20. Weiss, B.; Castaldi, M. J., “Novel Integrated Process for Beneficial Use of Waste Tires: Generation of synthesis gas and electricity.” International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3), Savannah, GA 2006, (in press).

21. Dorazio, L.; Castaldi, M. J., “ATR reforming of tetradecene (C14H30): a mechanistic approach.” American Chemical Society, Div. Fuel Chem. 2007, 52, (2), 470-471

22. Nakamura, N, Castaldi, M. J., Themelis, N.J., “Numerical analysis of size reduction of municipal solid waste particles on the traveling grate of a waste-to-energy combustion chamber.” NAWTEC14, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 14th, Tampa, Fl. ASME International Tampa, FL, United States, May 23-25, 2006, paper #14-3193, p.125-130.

23. Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M. J., “Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) of combustion and gasification of major constituents of waste tires: Comparison between Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and Poly-isoprene.” International Conference on Incineration and Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3); Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA): Savannah, GA, 2006.

24. Castaldi, M. J.; Zhou, Y.; Yegulalp, T. M. “Down-hole combustion method for gas production from methane hydrate.” AIChE Spring National Meeting, Orlando, FL, United States, Apr. 23-27, 2006; AIChE, Ed.; pp 1-12.

25. Castaldi, M. J.; Kwon, E., Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) of combustion and gasification of styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR). NAWTEC13, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 13th ASME International, Orlando, FL, United States, May 23-25, 2005, paper# 13-3149, p.19-27

26. Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M. J., “Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in thermal degradation of styrene butadiene copolymer (SBR).” NAWTEC14, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 14th ASME International, Tampa, FL, United States, May 1-3, 2006, paper# 14-3188, p. 79-89

27. Castaldi, M. J.; Jackson, T. “The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas.”, 231st ACS National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, United States, March 26-30, 2006; ACS, Ed.

28. Kwon, E.; Castaldi, M. J., “Investigation of Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) on waste tires and chemical analysis including light hydrocarbons, substituted aromatics, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH).” NAWTEC15, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 15th Miami, FL, United States, May 21-23, 2007, paper# 15-3218, p.183-190

29. Lee, S.-H.; Castaldi, M. J., High temperature corrosion resistance of different commercial alloys under various corrosive environments. NAWTEC15, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 15th Miami, FL, United States, May 21-23, 2007, paper# 15-3221, p.199-206.

30. Lee, S.-H.; Themelis, N. J.; Castaldi, M. J., “Combating corrosion in WTE facilities - theory and experience.” NAWTEC14, Proc. Annu. North Am. Waste Energy Conf., 14th Tampa, FL, United States, May 1-3, 2006, paper# 14-3198, p.175-185.

31. Stokes, M. O.; Castaldi, M. J.; Smith, L. L.; Karim, H.; Etemad, S.; Pfefferle, W. C., “Catalytic combustion as a pollution prevention technology to achieve ultra-low emissions in power generating ground-based gas turbine engines.” Hazard. Ind. Wastes 2001, 33rd, 222-232.

32. Castaldi, M. J., Hydrogen production from carbon-based resources: an experimental and modeling mechanistic investigation. American Chemical Society, Div. Pet. Chem. 2008, 53, (1), 43-46.

Technical Conference Proceedings – Abstract only reviewed 1. Castaldi, M.; Lapierre, R.; Lyubovsky, M.; Roychoudhury, S., “Effect of water on performance and

sizing of fuel-processing reactors.” Abstracts of Papers, 226th ACS National Meeting, New York, NY, September 7-11, 2003, FUEL-094.

2. Castaldi, M. J.; Kwon, E.; Weiss, B. “Waste tire conversion: Understanding the mechanism of decomposition,” 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, Sept. 10-14, 2006; ACS, Ed. pp PETR-126.

3. Castaldi, M. J., “An investigation into water and heat balance issues for liquid fueled portable fuel processors.” Abstracts of Papers, 231st ACS National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, United States, March 26-30, 2006, PETR-050.

4. Castaldi, M. J.; Dooher, J., “Biomass to hydrogen and electricity.” Abstracts of Papers, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, Sept. 10-14, 2006, PETR-123.

5. Castaldi, M. J.; Dorazio, L., “ATR Reforming of tetradecane (C14H30): A mechanistic explanation.” Abstracts of Papers, 234th ACS National Meeting, Boston, MA, August 19-23, 2007, FUEL-117.

6. Castaldi, M. J.; Kwon, E.; Weiss, B. M., “Waste tire conversion: Understanding the mechanism of decomposition”, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, Sept. 10-14, 2006, PETR-126

7. Castaldi, M. J.; Jackson, T., “The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas.” Abstracts of Papers, 231st ACS National Meeting, Atlanta, GA, March 26-30, 2006, PETR-037.

8. Castaldi, M. J.; Dooher, J., “Biomass to hydrogen and electricity.” 232nd ACS National Meeting San Francisco, CA, United States, Sept. 10-14, 2006; ACS, Ed

Patents 1. Smith, L. L.; Etemad, S.; Ulkarim, H.; Castaldi, M. J.; Pfefferle, W. C. “Method and apparatus for

a catalytic firebox reactor.” 6,174,159, 2001. 2. Pfefferle, W. C.; Smith, L. L.; Etemad, S.; Castaldi, M. J.; Ul Karim, M. H. “Method and apparatus

for a fuel-rich catalytic reactor.” 6,394,791, 2002. 3. Smith, L.; Etemad, S.; Castaldi, M.; Karim, H. M. U.; Pfefferle, W. C. “Conduit positioner for a

catalyst system for reacting fuel/oxidant mixtures.” Application #2002092212. 2003 4. Smith, L. L.; Etemad, S.; Karim, H. U.; Castaldi, M. “Baffle plate for single flow channel reactors.”

Application #2003053939, 2003. 5. Castaldi, M. J. “Method for Reduced Methanation.” 6,746,657, 2004. 6. Castaldi, M. J.; Lyubovsky, M.; Roychoudhury, S. “Method for Improved Selectivity.” 7,504,047,

2007. 7. Smith, L. L.; Etemad, S.; Castaldi, M. J.; Karim, M. H. U.; Pfefferle, W. C. “Method for dual-fuel

operation of a fuel-rich catalytic reactor.” 6,752,623, 2004. 8. Castaldi, M. J.; Chandran, K. Methods and systems for generating hydrogen from a biomass.

Applications #2007-US700332007, 2007. 9. Castaldi, Marco J.; Chandran, Kartik. Improved methane generation from biomass. PCT Int.

Appl. (2008). 10. Castaldi, M. J.; Dooher, J.; Lackner, K. S. Biomass and coal gasification process with combustion

stage to provide a primary heat source. Application #2007123776, 2007. 11. Zeman, Frank S.; Castaldi, Marco J.. Synthesis gas manufacturing by combined reforming and

gasification with metal oxides. #8,926,717, 2015 12. Castaldi, M.J., Farrauto, R.J., Yegulalp, T.M., “Methods and systems for generating hydrogen and

separating carbon dioxide” 8,926,942, 2015 Media Coverage

1. Columbia Researchers Explore New Process to Create Greener Fuels - According to a new study, peanut shells and other materials, such as tree bark and grass, can be turned from biomass—a

renewable energy derived from a recently living source—into fuel. Margaux Groux, Columbia Spectator, December 11, 2009

2. «Sauberer» Biosprit dank CO2 - Es wirkt wie das Perpetuum Mobile des Klimaschutzes: Die Herstellung von Biotreibstoff mit Hilfe von CO2. Neues Verfahren Greenswitzerland.ch, December 4, 2009

3. New Technology Cleans Up Coal with CO2 - The world has taken a step closer to "clean coal," thanks to new technology that actually uses CO2 to make power generation more efficient. Matt Ford, CNN, November 30, 2009

4. Study: Carbon Dioxide in Biomass Gasification Increases Efficiency - When carbon dioxide is used in biomass gasification, it increases the conversion efficiency and offers a solution for processing carbon dioxide on a global scale, according to a recent study by Columbia University researchers. Lisa Gibson, Biomass Magazine, November 18, 2009

5. Scientists Find Key to Creating Clean Fuel from Coal and Waste - 'Gasification' process enhanced to save millions of tonnes of carbon and provide energy. Alok Jha, The Observer, U.K. November 15, 2009

6. Researchers Discover Use for Carbon Dioxide in Conversion of Biomass Into Biofuel - Researchers at Columbia University have successfully discovered a beneficial use for carbon dioxide in the conversion of organic materials, such as grass and bark, into fuel. Columbia University November 11, 2009

7. Scientists Try Tapping 'Ice That Burns' - Researchers may have found a way to extract large amounts of natural gas from methane hydrates -- ice-like structures that might contain more energy than all the world's coal, oil and conventional natural gas combined. Katie Howell, The New York Times April 6, 2009

Technical Conference and Symposia Presentations North American Waste to Energy Conference (NAWTEC)

1. Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Combustion and Gasification of Sytrene-Butadiene Copolymer (SBR) paper# 13-3149

2. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Formation in thermal Degradation of Styrene Butadiene Copolymer, paper# 14-3188

3. Combating Corrosion in WTE Facilities: Theory and Experience, paper# 14-3198 4. Numerical analysis of size reduction of municipal solid waste particles on the traveling grate of a

waste-to-energy combustion chamber.” paper #14-3193 5. Investigation of Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis(TGA) on Waste tires and Chemical Analysis

Including Light Hydrocarbons, Substituted Aromatics and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) paper# 15-3218

6. High Temperature Corrosion Resistance of Different Commercial Alloys Under Various Corrosive Environments paper# 15-3221

7. The Effects of Varied Hydrogen Chloride Gas Concentrations on Corrosion Rates of Commercial Tube Alloys Under Simulated Environment of WTE Facilities paper#16-1916

8. An Investigation of the Thermal Degradation Mechanisms of Waste Tire Through Chemical Analysis Including Light Hydrocarbons, Benzene Derivatives, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) at High Temperature paper# 16-1914

9. CO2 Enhanced Steam Gasification of Biomass Fuels paper# 16-1949 10. Use of Statistical Entropy and Life Cycle Analysis to Evaluate Global Warming Potential of Waste

Management Systems paper# 16-1915 11. The Center for Sustainable Use of Resources: Quantifying Climate Change Impacts of Managing

Wastes paper# 17-2356 12. An Investigation Into the Syngas Production From Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Gasification

Under Various Pressures and CO2 Concentration Atmospheres paper# 17-2351

13. Quantitative Analysis of the Flow, Mixing, and Size Segregation Phenomena of Municipal Solid Waste Particles on Traveling Grate of Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Combustion Chamber paper# 17-2367

American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE)

14. Down-Hole Combustion Method for Gas Production from Methane Hydrate paper #63a 15. Hydrogen Production Via Gasification of Solid Carbon Fuels paper #94b 16. CO2 Enhanced Gasification Of Biomass Fuel paper #9b 17. ATR Reforming Of Tetradecane (C14H30): A Mechanistic Explanation For Hydrogen And Carbon

Formation paper #646g 18. Autothermal Reforming of Landfill gases paper #29d 19. Autothermal Reforming of JP8 using a 10 kWth finned Wall Reactor paper #75f 20. Effect of Urea and Urea Decomposition Byproducts on Zeolite Activity for Selective Catalytic

Reduction paper #83d 21. Catalytic Shock Tube #152e 22. Deactivation, Regeneration and Stable Performance of a Platinum-Molybdenum-Rhenium Water

Gas Shift Catalyst for on-Site Hydrogen Generation paper #138a 23. Kinetic and Process Study for Ethanol Reforming using a Pt/Rh Washcoated Monolith Catalyst

paper #209b 24. A Comparison of Monoliths and Short Contact Time Supports for Selective Catalytic Oxidation:

Performance and Steady-State Multiplicity paper #222d 25. Scrap Tires in Waste-to-Energy Plants: Treatment and Emissions Control paper #265d 26. Experimental Investigation of Methane Gas from Methane Hydrates paper #330g 27. An Investigation of High Temperature Corrosion Phenomena in Waste to Energy Boilers paper

#512f 28. Experimental Kinetic Analysis of Steam and CO2 Gasification of Biomass Fuels paper #563d 29. Biomass decomposition reaction sequence analysis using simultaneous gas sampling and

temperature measurements Simona Ciuta, Francesco Patuzzi, Marco J. Castaldi and Marco Baratieri 2014 Annual Meeting #30e

American Chemical Society (ACS)

30. The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas paper# PETR-37

31. An Investigation into Water and Heat Balance Issues for Liquid Fueled Portable Fuel Processors paper# PETR-50

32. Biomass to Hydrogen & Electricity, paper # FUEL-42 33. Waste Tire Conversion:Understanding the Mechanism of Decomposition, paper# FUEL-57 34. ATR Reforming of Tetradecane (C14H30): A Mechanistic Explanation, paper # FUEL-117 35. Gas production from methane hydrates, paper # FUEL-64

International Thermal Treatment Technologies (IT3)

36. Investigation into the properties of ash from biomass gasification (2011) Air and Waste Management Association - International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies and Hazardous Waste Combustors 2011, pp. 52-58.

37. Research and application of wastes fluidized bed incineration technology at Zhejiang University (2011) Air and Waste Management Association - International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies and Hazardous Waste Combustors 2011, pp. 13-23.

38. Particle-based bed modeling on mixing diffusion of municipal solid waste particles by the motion of a grate system (2011) Air and Waste Management Association - International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies and Hazardous Waste Combustors 2011, pp. 161-174.

39. Landfill gas reforming for synthesis gas generation (2011) Air and Waste Management Association - International Conference on Thermal Treatment Technologies and Hazardous Waste Combustors 2011, pp. 108-117.

40. Novel Integrated Process for Beneficial Use of Waste Tires: Generation of synthesis gas and electricity, paper # 2

41. Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Combustion and Gasification of Major Constituents of Waste Tire: Comparison between Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and Poly-Isoprene (IR), paper # 11

42. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Formation from Combustion and Gasification of Tires: Mechanistic understanding and reduction potential, paper #83

43. Hydrogen Production via Gasification of Biomass Fuels, paper #64 44. CO2 Impact on Biomass Gasification: ASPENTM Simulation Compared to Experimental Data,

paper #80 45. An Investigation of the Thermal Degradation Mechanism of Waste Tires Through Chemical

Analysis in High Temperature, paper #37 46. Extension of the Statistical Entropy and Substance Concentrating Efficiency Function to the

Analysis of Carbon Species in Waste Treatment Systems, paper #92 47. An Investigation into the Syngas Production Enhancement of Municipal solid Waste Gasification

under Various CO2 Concentration Atmosphere, paper # 46 48. Biomass to Fuels: The Impact of Reaction Medium and Heating Rate, paper # 57 49. A Comparison of Landfill Gas to Energy Technologies, paper # 120

North American Catalysis Society, bi-Annual Meeting

50. Greenhouse Gas Dry Reforming using monolithic catalysts for enhanced reactor design, June, 2007 51. Auto-thermal Reforming of Landfill Gas for Synthesis Gas Generation June, 2009 52. Catalytic reforming of ethanol/gasoline blends for fuel cell vehicles June, 2009 53. Urea-SCR for NOx Diesel Emission Control: The influence of urea and its decomposition products

on the SCR activity of zeolites June, 2009 Society of Mining Engineering

54. Thermogravimetric Study of Carbon dioxide Adsorption on Alumina-Supported Calcium Oxide, February 2007

55. Carbon Neutral, Energy efficient Method for Gas Production from Methane Hydrates, February 2007.

56. Pre-Combustion Capture of CO 2 from Coal Gasification Gases: case of CaO on Gamma Al2O3, February 2009.

57. Experimental Investigation of CH 4 Production from Methane Hydrate, February. 2009. Clearwater Coal Conference

58. Physio-Chemical Properties of Low Rank Coal/Liquid CO2 Slurries as Gasifier Feedstocks 59. CO2 Enhanced Steam Gasification of Biomass Fuels

Others

60. CO2 Enhanced Gasification of Biomass Fuel – 2nd International Conference on Engineering for Waste Valorization, June 2008, Patras Greece

61. Waste to Energy for Electric Power Plants – 11th Annual Electric Power Conference May 2009 Chicago, IL

62. CO2 Enhanced Gasification of Biomass Fuels - 2008 Advanced Energy and Technology Conference, November 2008, Long Island, NY

63. Waste to Energy: Worldwide Developments to a Novel Technology – 3rd Annual Alternative Energy NOW Conference January, 2009, Lake Buena Vista, FL

64. An Energy Efficient, Environmentally Sound Gas Production Process from Methane Hydrates, paper #WR38 - International Mining Conference (IMCET), June, 2005Izmir, Turkey

65. Solid carbon feedstock gasification using CO2: simulation and experiment paper # D201 - International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE-09) November 2009 Kobe, Japan

66. Methane Hydrates - Research for an Efficient Gas Production Process, 20th World Mining Congress and Expo, Tehran, Iran, November, 2005.

67. A System for Generating Hydrogen from Coal and Separating Carbon Dioxide , Proceedings, 21st World Mining Congress, Poland.

68. Pollution Prevention via Fundamental Understanding, March 25th 2005, Chemistry Lecture Series, Columbia University

69. Chemistry Impacts on the Environment, December 13th, 2004 Chemistry Lecture Series, Columbia University

70. Solid Carbon Conversion (Biomass, MSW and Coal) via CO2 – 8th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, August 2009, Montreal, Canada

71. Development of an Affordable, Simple, Robust Diesel Exhaust Particulate Removal Unit for Diesel Trucks and Buses – Air & Waste Management Association 100th Annual Conference & Exhibition, June 2007.

Other Invited Presentations

1. National Institute of Standards and Technology “State of Catalysis; Real vs Experimental” 2. Rutgers University Institute for Advanced Materials, Devices and Nanotechnology “Development of

Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies”. 3. Plenary Presentation, 26th Annual International Conference Incineration & Thermal Treatment

Technologies (IT3) “Current State of Development, Acceptance and Implementation of Controlled Combustion Technologies in the US and Worldwide”

4. Rowan University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Glasboro, NJ, “Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies”

5. National Energy Technology Laboratories (NETL) Morgantown, VA “Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies”

6. Adelphi University–Dept of Physics and Environmental Sciences – Garden City, NY “Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies”

7. Cytec Industries – Professional Seminar Lecture Series – Stamford, CT “Environmentally Benign Energy Technologies”

8. American Chemical Society (ACS) – Symposium on “Hydrogen from Renewable Sources and Refinery Applications” "The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas”

Synergistic Activities

1. High School Mentoring Program: Outreach to high school students to interest them in science and engineering – program attracts more than 50% women and more than 50% underrepresented groups

2. Undergraduate curriculum development committee for Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering

3. Director of Experimental Activities, Waste to Energy Research Technology (WTERT) Council 4. Session Chair for New York Academy of Sciences Seminar - Energy For A New Century - Beyond

Petroleum Alternative Energy Symposium 5. Advisor to Undergraduate Research Internship Program (URIP) 6. Academic liaison to ASME Solid Waste Processing Division 7. Member of AIChE Research and New Technology Committee (RANTC)

8. Session Chair, 14th North American Waste-to-Energy Conference (NAWTEC), Tampa, Fl. 9. Co-Chair of 33rd Mid-Atlantic Industrial Waste Conference, Riverdale, New York.

Research Group (9 current) PhD Students Graduated (10) Garrett Fitzgerald – PhD October 2013 “Multiscale analysis of CH4 gas hydrate formation and dissociation via point source thermal stimulation and CO2 exchange” Naomi Klinghoffer – PhD April 2013 “Utilization of char from biomass gasification in catalytic applications” Amanda Simson – PhD September 2012 “Steam reforming of ethanol/gasoline mixtures: Deactivation, regeneration and stable performance” McKenzie P. Kohn – PhD April 2012 “Catalytic Reforming of Biogas for Syngas Production” Masato Nakamura – PhD December 2007 (co-advisor with Themelis) “Mathematical and Physical Modeling of Mixing and Flow Phenomena of Municipal Solid Waste Particles on a Reverse Acting Grate” Scott Kaufman – PhD June 2008 (co-advisor with Themelis) “A New Metric to Measure the Sustainability of Municipal Solid Waste Management” Eilhann Kwon – PhD June 2008 “An Investigation into the Combustion and Pyrolysis of Waste Tires and an Analysis of Air Pollution Formation Mechanisms” Yue (Forrest) Zhou – PhD December 2008 “An investigation into gas production from methane hydrate via down-hole combustion” Shang-Hsiu Lee - PhD Spring 2009 (co-advisor with Themelis) “High-Temperature Corrosion Phenomena in Waste-to-Energy Boilers” Lucas Dorazio – DES Fall 2009 “Stability and Deactivation Regimes of a Trimetallic Platinum-Rhenium-Molybdenum Water Gas Shift Catalyst for On-Site Hydrogen Generation” Federico Barrai – PhD Spring 2010 “The Interaction between Transport Processes and Chemical Kinetics in Selective Catalytic Reactors” MS Students Graduated (10) Alex Whitworth – MS June 2005 Kimberly Llewellyn – MS June 2006 Tracy Jackson – MS June 2006 Noah Whitworth – MS June 2007 Federico Barrai – MS June 2007, PhD 2010 Amanda Simson – MS June 2008 Nora McLaughlin – MS June 2009 McKenzie Primerano – MS October 2009 Jechan Lee – MS February 2010 Naomi Klinghoffer – MS October 2010 Post-Doctoral Researchers Bjorn Brandt – November 2010 - present Philipp Gruene – (November 2009 – August 2010) Eilhann Kwon (June 2008 – August 2010) Maik Eichelbaum (June 2008 – June 2010) Heidi Butterman – Research Staff (August 2006 – June 2010) Nancy Landau – Research Associate (June 2005 – August 2007) Visiting Scholars Professor Jin Yuqi – Zhejiang University (July 2010 – January 2011)

Professor Junhu Zhou – Zhejiang University (February 2007 – May 2007) Professor Zhixiao Zhang – Hangzhou University (September 2008 – June 2009) Professor John Dooher – Adelphi University (September 2008 – December 2008) Current MS/PhD Amanda Simson McKenzie Primerano Naomi Klinghoffer Garrett Fitzgerald Heather Lanman Current MS Alex Frank Joe Alifano Natali Pelcman Yani Dong Current and Past Undergraduates David Yang Nora McLaughlin Kimberly Peterson Kelly Westby Laura Bendernagel Amy Knorpp Alexander McCurdy Robert Lachance Isabel Liberis

MICHAEL R. BEAUDOIN, P.E. DIRECTOR – REMEDIAL PROJECTS, REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC. Mr. Beaudoin has over 30 years of experience in the solid waste management and recycling field, Mr. Beaudoin has a thorough understanding of the technical and operational challenges unique to solid waste management. His experience includes siting, planning, design, compliance management, construction inspection, construction management, closure, remediation, financial analysis, due-diligence, presentation at public hearings, and expert testimony. Project locations range from California to New Jersey to Florida to British Columbia and Asia. Mr. Beaudoin has developed a national reputation for managing large remedial projects and negotiating difficult projects through the regulatory approval process. PROJECT EXPERIENCE

Republic Services, Countywide RDF General Engineering, East Sparta, Ohio. Mr. Beaudoin provided oversight, management, and coordination of a $60,000,000 remediation effort. The work was performed in cooperation with the Ohio EPA and the US EPA, and involved frequent negotiation and meetings. The remedial work was necessitated due to odors which resulted from a reaction occurring within a portion of the landfill. The reaction was initiated by hydrolysis of aluminum-containing waste which resulted in pyrolysis and thermal degradation of adjacent ordinary municipal solid waste. Remedial components included: extensive chemical and physical characterization of the reaction, 70 acres of temporary capping, significant enlargement of gas extraction and leachate collection capabilities, excavation of 400,000 cubic yards of waste material (to create a break to prevent the reaction from spreading into an expansion area), and sophisticated and automated ambient air testing. In October 2009, at a major project milestone, Mr. Beaudoin was presented a certificate of appreciation for "exemplary leadership and outstanding efforts to protect human health and the environment" from the US EPA and Ohio EPA.

Chambers Development Co., Harrison County Landfill, Cadiz, Ohio. Project

Manager and certifying engineer for the siting, investigation, design, hydrogeologic characterization, and permitting (Permit to Install application) for a greenfield municipal solid waste landfill. The site is in an area of extensive surface and subsurface coal mining and presented many design challenges including highly-variable depths of mine spoil as the landfill base in many areas. Mr. Beaudoin designed and implemented unique large-scale field tests to assess the suitability of the mine spoil including: cross-hole seismic tests, horizontal inclinometer tests to measure loading response, in situ wedge shear tests, and large-scale density testing. Based on these successful demonstrations, the site was granted a permit-to-install a Subtitle D landfill.

Waste Management, Inc, Tullytown Landfill, Tullytown, Pennsylvania. Mr.

Beaudoin was the Project Manager and certifying engineer for the siting, investigation, design and permitting for this large municipal waste landfill. This Greenfield site was partially underlain by a significant deposit of partially-desiccated dredge spoil. Extensive laboratory testing and field testing was used to determine that the dredge spoil could remain in place under the double-lined landfill.

Westmoreland County Landfill, Westmoreland Co, Pennsylvania. Project

Manager and certifying engineer for the siting, investigation, design,

EDUCATION MSCE, Geotechnical Engineering, Purdue University, 1983 BSCE, Civil Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 1978 REGISTRATIONS Professional Engineer – MI 6201040479

hydrogeologic characterization, and permitting for a greenfield municipal solid waste landfill. The site is in an area of extensive surface and subsurface coal mining and presented many design challenges including the presence of underlying room-and-pillar mines, surface mine highwalls, and auger mining voids. Mr. Beaudoin utilized strain prediction models to assess the effect of mine subsidence on landfill liner strains and determined that the resulting strains would be within acceptable limits. Based on these successful demonstrations, the site was granted a permit to construct.

City Management Corporation, City Sand and Gravel Landfill, Monroe,

Michigan. Responsible for the installation of a perimeter slurry wall at the City Sand and Gravel landfill near Monroe, Michigan. The soil-bentonite slurry wall penetrated a 25-30-foot thick sand layer to eliminate groundwater migration from the pre-liner era landfill.

Waste Management, Inc., Jay County Landfill Design Plan and Gas

Engineering, Portland, Indiana. Project Manager for landfill gas management system design and permitting.

City Management Corporation, A&A Landfill, Shelby Township, Michigan.

Supervised the design and installation of a 51,000 square foot cement-bentonite slurry wall installed with the "vibrating beam" method. This thin barrier wall effectively cut off lateral gas migration which had been plaguing adjacent residents.

Waste Management Inc., Vickery, Ohio. Designed remediation for the former

Vickery Deep Well Injection open lagoons. Due to high levels of PCBs and dioxins, the lagoons had been regulated under TSCA. Remediation included solidification of sludge, removal to a staging area, lining of the former lagoon footprint, replacing the stabilized sludge and capping of the replaced material. The project eliminated a major odor nuisance to travelers of I-80 east of Toledo.

Waste Management, Inc., Earthmovers Landfill, Elkhart, Indiana. Project

Manager for general engineering and landfill gas management system. Designed effective system for capturing and full remediation of a significant off-site gas migration problem.

Pfizer. Holland, Michigan. Certifying engineer for construction of a 4,000-

foot long, 75-foot deep slurry wall around a decommissioned industrial facility.

A partial list of other solid waste facilities for which Mr. Beaudoin has served

major roles is provided below. Several of these projects involved "greenfield" siting, design, hydrogeologic characterization, closure, remediation, geotechnical challenges, and permitting; while others required major expansions, modifications, or upgrades. Chemical Waste Management, Emelle Hazardous Waste Landfill, Emelle, Alabama Waste Management, Inc., Modern Landfill, York, Pennsylvania Waste Management, Inc. Elizabethtown Landfill, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania Waste Management, Inc., Pottstown Landfill, Pottstown, Pennsylvania Waste Management, Inc., Countywide Landfill, Canton, Ohio Waste Management, Inc., Statewide Landfill, Canton, Ohio Waste Management, Inc. Lake County Landfill, Lake County, Ohio United Waste, Sycamore Landfill, Hurricane, West Virginia United Waste, H.A.M. Landfill, Bekley, West Virginia Chambers Development Co., Arden Landfill, Washington, Pennsylvania Chambers Development Co., Southern Alleghenies Landfill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Chambers Development Co., Valley Landfill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Mostoller Landfill, Inc., Mostoller Landfill, Uniontown, Pennsylvania Westmoreland County

Landfill, Westmoreland Co., Pennsylvania Kelly Run Landfill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Kent County, Kent County Landfill, Grand Rapids, Michigan Province of British Columbia, Cache Creek Landfill, Kamloops, BC Private Consortium, Landfill Siting, Israel City Management Corp., Carleton Farms Landfill, Monroe, Michigan City Management Corp., Brent Run landfill, Flint, Michigan City Management Corp., Pine Tree Acres Landfill, Lenox, Michigan City Management Corp., Peoples Disposal, Flint, Michigan City Management Corp., Dothan Landfill, Dothan, Alabama City Management Corp., Panama City Landfill, Panama City, Florida City Management Corp., Arecibo Landfill, Arecibo, Puerto Rico City Management Corp., Saginaw Valley Landfill, Saginaw, Michigan City Management Corp., Waters Landfill, Grayling, Michigan

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS Solid Waste Association of North America PRESENTATIONS Landfill Closure—An Owner's Perspective, Waste Tech, Phoenix, 1995 Siting a Lined Municipal Waste Landfill on Mine Spoil, Waste Tech, Los Angeles, 1993. The Use of Bentonite Matting in Waste Containment Applications, Waste Tech, New Orleans, 1990.