• Michael Russell

• Jen Higgins

• Tom Hoffmann

• Cara Laitusis

• Deb Matthews

• Trinell Bowman

Challenges and Solutions in Implementing

Accessible Next-Generation Assessments

Measured Progress ©2012

Accessibility and Assessment in the Digital Age: Where Are We

Michael Russell

• Key Concepts• Accessibility in the context of Assessment

• Universal Design

• Paper vs. Digital Item

• Default & Alternate Representations

• Consortia Implementation

• Universal Design and Item Development

• Embedded Supports

• Personal Needs Profile (PNP)

Overview

Accessibility & Assessment

Student Access to Content

TESTDirectionsPrompts/StimuliResponse Options

Accessibility & Assessment

Test Item Access to Construct

ITEM

PresentContent

Stimulate Construct

Interact w/Content

ApplyConstruct

ProduceResponse

VisibleProduct ofConstruct

Jimmy is the star on his football team. This season he scored ten touchdowns, kicked twenty extra points, and had eight field goals.

What is the total number of points Jimmy has scored this season?

Jimmy is the star on his football team. This season he scored ten touchdowns, kicked twenty extra points, and had eight field goals.

What is the total number of points Jimmy has scored this season?

Native EnglishNo Identified Needs

English Language LearnerNo Identified Needs

Native EnglishIdentified Dyslexia

104

What is a field goal?

What is this question

asking me?

Universal Design for Learning (UDL)

“Universal Design does not imply ‘one size fits all’ but rather acknowledges the need for alternatives to suit many different people’s needs.”

“… the essence of UDL is flexibility and the inclusion of alternatives to adapt to the myriad variations in learner needs, styles, and preferences.” – Rose and Meyer

• Imagine a test item

Paper-Based vs. Digital Items

Uni-Faceted,Fixed Default Form, Static

• Digital Version of Item

Digital Item

Multi-Faceted, Variety of Representational Forms, Tailorable

System’s Approach

Personal Needs Preferences

Digital Item File

ASL tags

Braille Tags

Text-Based Default Form

Spoken (Read Aloud)Tags

Glossed Words & Phrases

Translation

Where Are Smarter Balanced and PARCC• Item Development

• Universal Design training and guidelines

• Audio support guidelines

• Glosses and braille text

• Delivery Platforms

• Embedded supports for all

• Activated supports for all

• Activated supports for defined needs

• PNP

• Interoperability Standards