1

Micro Gas Turbine Operation with Kerosene and

Ammonia

2014 NH3 Fuel ConferenceTHE 11TH ANNUAL NH3 FUEL CONFERENCE

-

NH3, THE RENEWABLE CARBON FREE FUEL

SEPTEMBER 21 – 24, 2014 • DES MOINES, IA

Norihiko Iki, Osamu Kurata, Takayuki Matsunuma, Takahiro Inoue,

Masato Suzuki, Taku Tsujimura and Hirohide Furutani

Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute (FREA),

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

2

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Plan

3. Results

4. Future task

5. Summary

3

Hydrogen production +

Ammonia synthesis

NH3

Renewable energy

Storage

Transportation

Hydrogen station

air

NH3

N2,N2O

Fuel cell system

Hydrogen

production

Ammonia

Combustion

Ammonia

Fuel Cell

Gas turbine

Combustor

Compressor Turbine

4

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Plan

3. Results

4. Future task

5. Summary

5

Fukushima Renewable Energy Institute (FREA), AIST

The turbine will be located

6

50kW class micro gas turbine set in FREA

The gas turbine facility

50kW class micro gas turbine firing kerosene was

remodeled for power generation firing ammonia.

A standard combustor is replaced with a prototype

combustor which enables a bi-fuel supply of

kerosene and ammonia gas.

Diffusion combustion is employed to the prototype

combustor due to its flame stability.

7

Plan of Ammonia Supply

Gas pressure

reducing valve

50kW class

gas turbine

NOx

removal

equipmentFuel gas

compressor

50kg cylinder

(liquefied

ammonia)

Fuel gas

compressor 50kW class

gas turbine

NOx

removal

equipment

1 ton cylinder

(liquefied

ammonia)

Vaporizer

gas<0.2MPa

Gas

<0.5MPa

Liquid Pressure

reducing valve

gas

Gas

<0.5MPa

liquid<0.2MPa<216kg/day

• Large amount supply of ammonia liquid and vaporizer（Ammonia combustion）(Under construction)

• Small amount supply of ammonia gas（Kerosene ammonia combustion）(Temporay)

Bypass

Heating by water

Electric Heating

gas>0.35MPa

8

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Plan

3. Results

4. Future task

5. Summary

9

Test facilities for micro gas turbine power generation

Loading equipment

Micro gas

turbine

Diesel engine

for power supply

Fuel gas compressor

Kerosene tank

NOx removal equipment

10

Performance test firing kerosene in the standard combustor

11

Temporary facilities for ammonia gas fuel supply

Micro Gas turbine

Fuel gas compressor

NOx removal equipment

Gas bomb storage

(Nitrogen, Ammonia)

12

Test facilities for micro gas turbine power generation

with temporary gas supply facility

Loading equipment

Micro gas

turbine

Diesel engine

for power supply

Fuel gas compressorKerosene tank

NOx removal equipment

Temporary gas

supply facility

Exhaust gas

analyzer

13

Exchange of Combustor

Removed standard combustor

for kerosene

Micro gas turbine Installation of the prototype

combustor for ammonia

The prototype

combustor for ammonia

14

Co-firing Kerosene and Ammonia (1)

25kW operationOver 25kW power generation was achieved.

Start of ammonia gas supply End of ammonia gas supply

Start of nitrogen gas supply

End of nitogen gas supply

Over 10% reduction of kerosene supply

15

Co-firing Kerosene and Ammonia (2)

21kW operation

Start of nitrogen gas supply

30% reduction of kerosene supply

End of nitrogen gas supply

Start of ammonia gas supply

16

Co-firing Kerosene and Ammonia(3)

Emission

17

Co-firing Kerosene and Ammonia(4)

NOx reduction

18

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Plan

3. Results

4. Future task

5. Summary

19

Future taskNear future

• Increasing of supplying ratio of ammonia gas for power generation

firing kerosene-ammonia

• Increasing of power generation

• Trial of power generation firing ammonia gas only

Future task and under planning

• Methane-ammonia firing

• Development of low NOx combustor by cooperation with Tohoku

university

20

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Plan

3. Results

4. Future task

5. Summary

21

Summary

• 50kW class micro gas turbine firing kerosene was remodeled for power

generation firing ammonia.

• A standard combustor is replaced with a prototype combustor which enables

a bi-fuel supply of kerosene and ammonia gas.

• Diffusion combustion is employed to the prototype combustor due to its flame

stability.

• Demonstration test of co-firing of kerosene and ammonia gas was achieved to

check the functionality of the each component of the micro gas turbine.

• The gas turbine started firing kerosene and increased its electric power

output.

• After achievement of stable power output, ammonia gas was started to be

supplied and its flow rate increased gradually.

• Over 25kW power generation was achieved by supplying about 10% heat

from ammonia gas in HHV.

• 21kW power generation was achieved by supplying about 30% heat from

ammonia gas in HHV.

22

Acknowledgement

• This work was supported by Council for Science,

Technology and Innovation (CSTI), Cross-

ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion

Program (SIP), “energy carrier” (Funding agency

: JST).

• The authors also thank to Professor Kobashashi,

Tohoku University, and “Toyota Turbine and

Systems Inc.” for the advice on the combustion

technology and the operation of micro gas

turbine.