microalgal omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas ... · golubeva and k. rea for critical...

Introduction Methods

Results

The authors would like to thank Dr. E. Paterson, P. Mulryan, P.Fitzgerald and C. Manley for their technical assistance, and Dr. A. Golubeva and K. Rea for critical revision of the poster. The APC Microbiome institute is a research institute funded by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), through the Irish Government’s National Development Plan (Grant Number 12/RC/2273). TGD and JFC are also supported by the Irish Health Research Board, the Dept. of Agriculture, Food & the Marine and Enterprise Ireland. CSO is funded through SMART FOOD project.

Email: [email protected]

• Over the last decades, human nutritional intake has undergone through major changes characterized by increased omega-6:omega-3 ratio (1–4 : 1)→(10-20:1).

• This unbalanced dietary fatty acid intake has caused a major increase in inflammatory-related disorders.

Omega 3+ → Enhanced memory compared to control in adulthood

Omega 3- → Memory

impairment compared to Omega 3+ group in

adolescence and adulthood

Cognition

Social behaviour

Microalgal Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) effects on cognition, sociability, depressive-like behaviour

and brain fatty acid composition in C57BL/6 mice

AIM: To assess the effects of omega-3 PUFAs supplementation or deficiency, from gestation through to adulthood, on cognition, depressive-like behaviour, sociability, anxiety and on brain lipid composition in murine offspring.

PUFAs brain composition Adolescence Adulthood

Soci

abili

ty

Soci

al n

ove

lty

Hippocampus

Amygdala

Prefrontal Cortex

References 1. Innis, S.M., Omega-3 Fatty acids and neural development to 2 years of age: do we know enough for dietary recommendations?

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2009. 48: p. S16-S24. 2. 2. Janssen, C.I., et al., Impact of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognition, motor skills and hippocampal neurogenesis in

developing C57BL/6J mice. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2015. 26(1): p. 24-35.

Hypothalamus

• Essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs):

- Most abundant in brain [1].

-Key players in brain development and function, especially during perinatal development and early postnatal period [2].

Clara Seira-Oriacha,b, Ruairi Robertsona,d, R. Paul Rossa,d, John F. Cryana,c , Catherine Stantona,d , Timothy G. Dinana, b

a APC Microbiome Institute, UCC, Cork b Department of Psychiatry c Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland d Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork.

Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection

(GC-FID)

Experimental design:

1g EPA+DHA/100g diet

Omega 3- ↓

Increased depression-like behaviour in

adulthood

Omega 3+ → Increased levels of Omega 3 and decreased of Omega 6

Acknowledgements & Disclosure

Adolescence Adulthood

Adolescence Adulthood

Mouse Object

10min Sociability test

Familiar Mouse

Novel Mouse

10min Social novelty test

Omega 3- ↓

Sociability impairment compared to the

control and Omega 3 + group in adulthood

Depression-like behaviour/HPA axis response to stress

Conclusions

Statistical analysis:→ 1 way Anova followed by Tukey´s post-hoc analysis. *-Compared to Control Group/ #-Comparison between Omega 3+ and Omega 3- groups

• Omega-3 PUFAs deficiency caused impairments in cognition, sociability and depression-like behaviour.

• Omega-3 PUFAs supplementation enhanced cognition and stress response.

• The behavioural effects may be related with an increase of Omega-3 PUFAs in the brain.

• Omega-3 PUFAs supplementation/deficiency effects were more pronounced in adulthood than adolescence.

• These findings show the importance of n-3 PUFA intake on brain development indicating their possible implications in psychiatric disorders.

Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0

2

4

6

8

10

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME

Control Omega 3+ Omega 3- 0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


5

10

15

***###

**

g/1

00g

FA

ME

Control Omega 3+0

2

4

6

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

8

10

#

g/1

00g

FA

ME


5

10

15

20

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

8

10

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

8

10

***###

g/1

00g

FA

ME


5

10

15

****####

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

****####

g/1

00g

FA

ME


2

4

6

8

10

****

####g

/100g

FA

ME

C22:6 Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

C22:5 Omega-6 Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)

C20:4 Omega-6 Arachidonic acid (AA)

Omega 3- → Decreased levels of Omega 3 and increased levels of Omega 6.

Forced Swim Test (FST)

0 15 45 90 1200

100

200

300

Control

Omega 3+

Omega 3 -

*#

Co

rtic

os

tero

ne

(n

g/m

l)

stress

Time (min)

Forced Swim Test (FST)

0 15 45 90 1200

50

100

150

200Control

Omega 3+

Omega 3 -

Co

rtic

os

tero

ne

(n

g/m

l)

stress

Time (min)

Omega 3 + ↓

Improved stress response in adolescence


0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Novel Object Recognition (NOR)

*##

Dis

cri

min

atio

n In

dex


0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8Novel Object Recognition (NOR)

#

Dis

cri

min

atio

n In

dex

Control Omega+ Omega-0

50

100

150

200Forced Swim Test (FST)

*

Imm

ob

ility

tim

e (

sec.)

Control Omega+ Omega-0

50

100

150

200Forced Swim Test (FST)

Imm

ob

ility

tim

e (

sec.)

Control Omega 3+ Omega 3-0

20

40

60

80Three Chamber Test (3CH)

Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Ob

ject

(sec.)


100

200

300


Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Mo

use

(sec.)


50

100

150

200


Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Fam

iliar

Mo

use (

sec.)


50

100

150

200


Inte

ractio

n w

ith

No

vel

Mo

use (

sec.)


50

100


***#

Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Ob

ject

(sec.)


100

200


###

***

Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Mo

use

(sec.)


50

100

150

200


Inte

ractio

n w

ith

No

vel

Mo

use (

sec.)


50

100

150


Inte

ractio

n w

ith

Fam

iliar

Mo

use (

sec.)

Diets:

n=10/group

% by weight

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