Welcome To our presentation

onMicrofiber

Prepared By :Md. Salim Azad Didar # 2010000400038Md. Ubaydur Rahman # 2010000400039

Md. Foysal Mridha # 2010000400037Rezaul Karim # 2010000400036Morshed Chowdhury # 2009200400121

Rumman Al Hasan # 2009200400086

OverviewUnderstanding Microfiber Nanotechnology Bicomponent Fiber Common Bicomponent ConfigurationMicrofiberMicrofiber Manufacturing Process & TechnologyElectrospinning Apparatus Process ParametersApplication of MicrofiberGeneral PropertiesCharacterizes of MicrofiberUsesMicrofiber ProductsBenefit of Microspun Microfiber

Md. Salim Azad Didar

Morshed Chowdhury

Rumman Al Hasan

Rezaul Karim

Md. Faisal Mridha

Md. Ubaydur Rahman

Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is the study of manipulating matter on an atomic and molecular scale.

One nanometer (nm) is one billionth, or 10−9, of a meter

Micro- ( ) is a prefix in the SI and other systems μof units denoting a factor of 10−6 (one millionth).

The Nonwoven Industry generally considers nanofibers as having a diameter of less than one micron.

Figure: Comparison between human hair and nanofiber web.

Figure:  Entrapped pollen spore on nanofiber web

Bicomponent Fibers

Bicomponent fibers is comprised of two polymers of different chemical and / or physical properties extruded from the same spinneret with both polymers within the same filament.

The polymers given below can be used as either of the components in the cross sections :

PET (Polyester) PEN Polyester Nylon 6,6 Polypropylene Polylactic Acid Polystyrene Polyurethane

Common Bicomponent Configurations:

SIDE-BY-SIDE (S/S) SHEATH-CORE (S/C) FIBERS: Eccentric Sheath/Core Concentric Sheath/Core MATRIX-FIBRIL BICOMPONENT

FIBERS: Three Islands

Islands/Sea SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE: Hollow Pie Wedge

Pie Wedge

Side-by-Side (S/S)

SHEATH-CORE (S/C) FIBERS

SEGMENTED PIE STRUCTURE

Other Bicomponent Fibers Variants:

Microfiber

•Microfibers are synthetic fibers that measure less than one denier.

• Denier is the measurement of linear density and is used to describe the size of a fiber or filament. Over 9000 meters of a one-denier fiber weighs over one gram.

• The most common types of microfibers are made from polyesters, polyamides and or a conjugation of polyester and polyamide to obtain specific properties

•Textile synthetic microfibers such as polyester microfibers have a diameter of about 10 microns or less.

•They are exceptionally strong and ultra fine - four times finer than wool fiber, three times finer than cotton fiber and twice as fine as silk fiber.

•A microfiber's diameter often measures half of a silk fiber and allows producing very lightweight fabrics with excellent draping qualities, wearing comfort and luxurious appearance.

• When woven appropriately microfiber fabrics have even more properties: Good isolationImpermeabilityBreathing abilityWrinkle-resistanceStain-resistance Easy wash ability.

Microfiber manufacturing Process and Technology

Currently, most non-woven micro- or nanofiber webs are produced by:

Melt Spinning Electrospinning Melt Blowing

But this processes have limitations. Due to their limitations a new technique has been developed using elements of both electrospinning and melt blowing technologies called

This process has the advantage of having a fiber production rate (measured by the polymer injection rate) several times higher.

Solution Blow Spinning Technique

Solution Blow spinning Technique

ElectroSpinning

Melt Blowing

Electrospinning

•Electrospinning is a process by which polymer nanofibers can be produced using an electrostatically driven jet of polymer solution

•Electrospinning produces fiber diameters usually in the range of 40 nm to 2 µm.

Electrospinning is applicable to a wide range of polymers like those used in conventional spinning, i.e. polyolefin, polyamides, polyester, aramid, acrylic as well as bio polymers like proteins, DNA, polypeptides, or others like electric conducting and photonic polymers.

The high specific surface area and small pore size of electro spun nanofibers make them interesting candidates for a wide variety of applications.

Apparatus for electrospinning Process

When a sufficiently high voltage is applied to a liquid droplet, the body of the liquid becomes charged

At a critical point a stream of liquid erupts from the surface. This point of eruption is known as the Taylor cone.

If the molecular cohesion of the liquid is sufficiently high, a charged liquid jet is formed.

As the jet dries in flight, the mode of current flow changes from ohmic to convective as the charge migrates to the surface of the fiber.

The jet is then elongated by a whipping process caused by electrostatic repulsion initiated at small bends in the fiber, until it is finally deposited on the grounded collector.

The elongation and thinning of the fiber resulting from this bending instability leads to the formation of uniform fibers with nanometer and micrometer-scale diameters.

Process

Taylor Cone

Parameters Molecular Weight, Molecular-Weight Distribution and

Architecture (branched, linear etc.) of the polymer

Solution properties (viscosity, conductivity and surface tension)

Electric potential, flow rate and concentration

Distance between the capillary and collection screen

Ambient parameters (temperature, humidity and air velocity in the chamber)

Motion of target screen (collector)

Application of microfiber

Surface tension contributes to what is called the capillary effect

Cleaning microfibers are engineered to make them very sensitive to the capillary effect. The action of splitting microfibers releases the polyamide star shaped core of the fiber while multiplying the number of strands available on a same volume. It thus enhances the sorption properties of the microfiber fabric.

In Electrostatic microfiber a charged microfiber cloth do not even need to make contact with dust, it just attracts them from where they lie due to static electricity. The molecular composition of polyester and nylon make them highly lipophilic. Once again split microfibers while offering a wider available surface can scoop up fatty substances much more efficiently than other fibers.

Many more applications have appeared since involving advanced technologies: anti-bacterial and anti-odour properties, electricity generation.

As for apparels, microfibers have been long employed for their water repelling and breathing properties.

General PropertiesBasic Microfiber

• Thoroughly removes dust, allergens, and bacteria

•Antibacterial - Proven wipe surface 99% bacteria free without using chemicals and without cross-contamination

• Highly absorbent – Microfiber can hold up to 7 times its weight in liquids

• Limitless utility - Use for household chores, auto detailing, and even personal use

• Non-abrasive - Safe to use on stainless steel, crystal, cars

• Effortless cleaning - tiny microfibers get into cracks and crevices to get those hard to reach spots

• Multifunctional - Use wet for tough cleaning jobs or dry for dusting

General PropertiesMicrofiber Fabrics

•Microfiber fabrics are generally lightweight, resilient or resist wrinkling, have a luxurious drape and body, retain shape, and resist pilling.

•They are relatively strong and durable in relation to other fabrics of similar weight.

•As microfibers are fine, many fibers can be packed together very tightly.

•With many more fine fibers required to form a yarn, greater fiber surface area results making deeper, richer and brighter colors possible.

•Microfibers work well in garments requiring wind resistance and water repellency. Yet, the spaces between the yarns are porous enough to breathe and wick body moisture away from the body.

Characteristics of Microfibers

In spite of very fine quality, microfibers have exceptional strength

They are breathable fabrics. Their comfort is similar to

natural fibers. They are soft. They are very durable. They can be easily maintained

and cared for. They retain their original shape. They are windproof and water

resistant. They have good moisture

wicking ability. They have excellent drape. They are light weight.

UsesClothing: Microfiber apparel is often used for athletic wear, such as cycling jerseys, because the microfiber material wicks moisture (sweat) away from the body, keeping the wearer cool and dry. Microfiber is also very elastic, making it suitable for undergarments.

InsulationMicrofiber is widely used by car detailers to handle tasks such as removing wax from paintwork, quick detailing, cleaning interior, cleaning glass, and drying.

The straight and strong fibers of polyester and nylon - microfibers provide flexible and silky performance because of its extensive fiber surface area. Microfibers are used in diverse fabrics ratios to make different textile garments, apparels and used most regularly in dress making.

Microfiber cloths are used to clean photographic lenses as they absorb oily matter without being abrasive or leaving a residue

Microfiber Products

Microfiber Chenille MittMicrofiber mops

Microfiber Cloths

“Microfiber” as filter

•Textile fibers are widely used for fine filtration in the disposable cartridge filter market.

•The Amiad AMF2 filter uses fiber thread technology to create a self-cleaning filter system.

•The basic filtration element in a "Microfiber" filter is the "thread cassette".

•Fine threads, which are 10 micron in diameter, are wound over a rigid grooved base plate.

•Water flows through the thread layers into the grooves and channel the water to specially designed outlets.

•The rigid base plate supports the thread layers and also plays a major role in the cleaning process of the media.

•The filter cassettes are mounted on hollow collector pipes.

Benefits of using Microspun Microfiber

•Reduces the use of chemicals or solutions •Nonabrasive to any surface, will not scratch and is lint free•Lifts and traps dirt - cleans surfaces faster and better•Glass and silver cleaning is made faster and more effective•Thin design cleans tight spaces•Microspun Microfiber is very sturdy and absorbent, can hold 4 to 7 times its weight•There are no chemicals in the Microfiber cloths that will wash out or wear away after washing•Microspun Microfiber cloths stay soft after washing•Due to its fineness and superior fiber surface area making -deep, rich and bright colors achievable •Less "sweaty" in warm weather than usual synthetics•Quickly cleanable - clean just with water•Highly intense and shrink-resistant•Change without help - to establish lovely drape•Very fine - finer than the most precise silk

Thank you…