MicroGrids and CHP

Facilities Operations & Building ServicesUtilities Operations and Energy ManagementChris Tietjen, Central Utility Plant & Cogen Facility Engineer

September 8, 2016

UCONN Storrs Campus 2016• 30,000 Students, Faculty & Staff• 10.2M Sq. feet of heated & cooled

space• Fifth consecutive year among the

top 10 schools in the Sierra Club’s “Cool Schools” ranking.

• Sixth consecutive year among the nation’s top 25 public universities.

• 25MW Cogeneration Plant• 3M GPD water pollution control

facility• 1.5M GPD Reclaimed water facility

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UCONN Cogeneration• Dr. Lee S. Langston, Professor Emeritus of

Engineering, University of Connecticut. 2015 recipient of the R. Tom Sawyer Award presented by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Recognized the need for a Cogeneration plant at the Storrs campus going back to the early 1990’s.

• The 25MW cogeneration plant that provides Electricity/Steam/Chilled water to the Storrs campus became operational in 2006.

• The Cogeneration plant cost $81M, a figure which included modifications to existing utility infrastructure, is expected to save the University $180M in energy costs over its forty-year design life.

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Central Heat and Power 2016• Cogeneration/CUP facility Utilities

– 24.9 MW of Generation (Permitted), 13.8KV

– 4MW of Emergency Generation, 4160V

– 530,000 PPH of Steam– 12,500 tons of cooling

• Utilities Infrastructure• Current Electric Peak

• 26.5 MW• Current Steam Peak

• 240 KPPH• Current Chilled H20 Peak

• 8500 Tons

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UCONN Storrs CampusElectrical Generation at CUP• Cogeneration plant supplies electricity to 10M SF 

building space.• 3 ‐ 7.5MW GAS TURBINE DRIVEN GENERATORS 

24.9MW• 1 – 4.6MW STEAM TURBINE DRIVEN GENERATOR• 3 – Emergency Diesel Generators ‐ 4MW total 

capacity• 13.8KV Distribution & 4160V Emergency Distribution• 105 AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCHES• OWN SUBSTATION and RELAY SYSTEM• FUEL – 380 psi NATURAL GAS AND NO. 2 OIL (Ultra 

Low Sulfur Diesel) 300,000 gal capacity.• VULNERABILITY 

– LOSS OF NATURAL GAS– SINGLE 69 KVA ISO 800 line BACKUP 5

UCONN Storrs CampusSteam Production CUP supplies steam to 7.3M SF building space (156

buildings)• 5 STATIONARY BOILERS 1963 - 1998• 3 HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATORS

2006• CAPACITY: 530,000 pounds per hour• PRESSURE: INSIDE CUP 600/125 psi,

DISTRIBUTION PIPING AT 65 psi • FEED WATER SUPLLIED BY RECLAIM WATER

BACKED UP BY POTABLE WATER. • 6 – 50,000gallon OIL TANKS• FUEL - NATURAL GAS AND NO. 2 OIL (ULTRA

LOW SULFUR DIESEL)• VULNERABILITY

– LOSS OF NATURAL GAS

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UCONN Storrs CampusSteam Distribution• 43,000 LF OF STEAM SUPPLY

AND CONDENSATE RETURN• SYSTEM DATES FROM 1930’S,

UPGRADED SECTIONS 1960s• RENOVATION IN PROCESS• VULNERABILITY

• PIPE FAILURE – STEAM SUPPLY CUT OFF TO SECTIONS OF BUILDINGS

• CONDENSATE LOSS• IMPACT ON WATER USE

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UCONN Storrs CampusCentral Chilled Water 1998 – 2016Cup supplies Chilled Water to 3M SF building

space (26 buildings) via North & South Utility Tunnels

• CAPACITY 12,500 TONS• 4 STEAM DRIVEN CHILLERS• 2 ELECTRIC DRIVEN CHILLERS• 2 GAS DRIVEN CHILLERS• Free Cooling Heat Exchanger

• South Chilled Water 1993– CAPACITY 1OOO TONS– 500 TON ELECTRIC DRIVEN– 500 TON GAS DRIVEN

• Building Stand Alone• 97 Systems

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Electricity• Upgrade to a fully redundant N+1 electrical system that can support the entire

campus, without load shedding, should one source fail• Existing: The current Cogeneration plant at the Central Utility Plant (CUP) can

support the electrical needs of the campus a majority of the time, backed up by UConn Substation 5P, which receives primary power from Eversource. UCONN imports power through Substation 5P when campus demand exceeds CUP capacity and when all or part of the CUP is unavailable. When Eversource primary power to Substation 5P is unavailable, load shedding schemes must be implemented.

• Upgrade Substation 5P and the CUP so that the entire system is a fully redundant N+1 system.

• Determine the feasibility of installing a second Cogeneration Plant, and implement if and when this additional capacity is required

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Strategic Energy Management (SEM) Plan

Steam• Efficiently supply high pressure steam to, and return pumped condensate

from, buildings via the Central Utility Plant (CUP)• Provide building-level high pressure steam (HPS) and pumped condensate

(PC) meters at all existing, renovated and new building entries• Existing distribution piping is in very poor condition and beyond its useful

life.• Replace existing HPS and PC radial piping network• Provide piping bridges serving new supplemental utility plants • Complete the North District distribution loop and provide a piping bridge (via

utility tunnel) serving the South District

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Strategic Energy Management (SEM) Plan

Chilled Water• Increase capacity and distribute throughout campus with enhanced efficiency and

redundancy• Existing: The existing chilled water (ChW) infrastructure on campus includes the CUP

and the South District SUP (South Chiller). These two plants are not connected and operate independently. Chilled water is currently supplied to the campus via the North & South utility tunnels and underground radial piping network.

• Provide building-level ChW meters at all existing, renovated and new building entries• Increase the capacity of the existing CUP and the South Chiller• Expand ChW service to new development at X Lot and on the South Campus with

piping bridges (via utility tunnel) to the CUP• Complete north and south piping distribution loops

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Strategic Energy Management (SEM) Plan

Gas• Decrease dependency on natural gas as Climate Action Plan goals are reached• Existing: Gas service is owned and the infrastructure is maintained by Connecticut

Natural Gas. There is currently adequate gas supply to support the Master Plan over the long term.

• Increase gas service in the near term until supplemental utility plants (SUPs) are connected

• Connect new development to the CUP and SUPs for electric, heat, and hot water needs

• Reduce gas usage in the long term

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Strategic Energy Management (SEM) Plan

Energy Services Performance Contract• Scope:

• UConn ESPC Phase I “Pilot” Project° Replace and upgrade aged Steam/Condensate lines ~ 2,650 LF in Hillside Road° Replace 11 Steam/Condensate Vaults° Retro-commission (RCx) ~ 1M GSF total in numerous science buildings° Utilize the DEEP “Lead by Example” Program° Contract Awarded to Consolidated Edison (ConEd) Solutions

• Budget: $28.1M Final Phase Project Budget° Estimated operational and maintenance savings of ~ $1.5M per year

• Schedule:° Construction Start May 2016° Project Duration 22 months

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Energy Services Performance Contract

Future

Steam and Condensate Return

Project Locus

• State of Connecticut DEEP Lead By Example Program o UConn is the first State agency to execute an ESPC Contract

• Guaranteed Maximum Price $23,174,871

• Guaranteed Annual Savings $1,588,782o Energy Operational Budget covers Bond Debt

• Simple Payback Period 14.6 years

• Guaranteed Energy Savings o 3.74 Million kWh Electrical Consumptiono 402 kW Electrical Demand Reductiono 6,239 Therm Natural Gaso 70,214 MMBTU Steamo 70,214 Ton-Hr Chilled Watero 9,773 Ccf Domestic Water 17

Energy Services Performance Contract

UCONN Depot Campus

• Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987

• 350 Acres with 60 Buildings• Now a Research Campus• Center for Clean Energy

Engineering (C2E2)

UCONN Depot Campus

UCONN Depot Campus

• Guarantees– Electrical Minimum Output

– 400 kW; 3,153 MWh/Year– Natural Gas Maximum

– 44 million cubic feet/Year– CT Clean Energy Fund

– $1 Million Grant• Authorization to Energize

– April 25, 2012• Commercial Operation

– April 30, 2012

• Day One Issues– Thermal Output not guaranteed

– 1.7 MMBtu/hour– Property Taxes

• Changes of Ownership• UTC to ClearEdge 12/22/2013

– Renewable Energy Credits– Stack Replacements

• Maintenance Field Service Visits– 2016 – 6 to date– 2015 - 25– 2014 – 14 – 2013 – 28 – 2012 - 28

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UCONN Depot Campus

• 2016 Performance To Date– Guaranteed Minimum Electrical Output

– 400 kW 91.63% of all available hours. (Comparison: Eversource 2015 reliability was 99.98% and Storrs Cogeneration Plant (99.99%)

– Low grade heat recovery– 52.22% of all available hours.

– High Grade heat recovery – 79.80% of all available hours.

UCONN Depot Campus

• MicroGrid Development– April 9, 2013 DEEP RFP Round 1– June 18,2013 UCONN Submitted Proposal $2,169,234

– Based on Fuel Cell plus 6.6 kW PV for 406.6 kW continuous load and 446.k kW peak load

– Partners with ClearEdge Power, Schneider Electric and A/Z Corporation– Services to 9 Buildings using 327 kW– Expected Completion date of June 12, 2014

– July 23, 2013 DEEP Selects UCONN – Depot Grant $2,144,234

UCONN Depot Campus

• MicroGrid Development– May 1, 2014 ClearEdge Power Default

– Files for Bankruptcy Chapter 11– Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) to Phosphoric Acid Fuel

Cells (PAFCs) switch on 5 kW and 400 kW units – May 6, 2014 Project 201635 MicroGrid Research

Program at the Depot Campus Placed on Indefinite Hold– DEEP agrees to hold grant

– June 30, 2014 Doosan Fuel Cell America purchased bulk of ClearEdge assets, excluding UCONN Depot Campus Fuel Cell 9553 Energy Services Agreement and a few others

UCONN Depot Campus

• MicroGrid Development– November 12, 2014 Talmer Bank and Trust dba Ardent Service

Corporation, LLC receive the UCONN Depot Campus Fuel Cell 9553 Energy Services Agreement and a few others via the Bankruptcy Court Settlement with a subcontract to Doosan Fuel Cell America for service

– June 1, 2016 UCONN approved Ardent Service Corporation ownership assignment to VFS, LLC with Removal Obligation backstopped by Doosan Fuel Cell America

– UCONN is in ongoing discussions to determine whether additional fuel cells and Microgrid development will occur