Prepared by:

Krunal Siddhapathak(10bec097)

* MICROWAVE RADIO COVERAGE FOR VEHICLETO-VEHICLE AND IN-VEHICLE COMMUNICATION

INDEX

*Introduction

*SIMULATING IN-CAR MICROWAVE PROPAGATION

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION RESULTS

*BLUETOOTH IN-CAR EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

*VEHICLE TO VEHICLE COMMUNICATION

*CONCLUSION

*INTRODUCTION

*Vehicle to vehicle communication and in vehicle communication is important for intelligent transport system.

*Bluetooth radio frequency channel is used for in vehicle communication.

*Bluetooth link is used for vehicle to vehicle to communication.

*Bluetooth working on 2.45 GHz and LAN working at 64GHz are used at high frequency.

*SIMULATING IN-CAR MICROWAVE

PROPAGATION

SIMULATING IN-CAR MICROWAVE

PROPAGATION(contd.)*To determine electromagnetic scattering from

complex ,lossy die electric structure some simulation tools like WIPL-D ,FEKO and SEMCAD are used.

*WIPL-D is based on the Method of Moments (MoM).

*It defines:

1)geometry of a structure as any combination of wires

2)structure’s current distribution

3)far-field radiation pattern

4)Near field distribution

5) multiport admittance at predefined feed points.

*SIMULATING IN-CAR MICROWAVE

PROPAGATION(contd.)FEKO is also based on the Method of Moments.FEKO The MoM, which scales poorly with

frequency, has been hybridized with two asymptotic high frequency techniques namely:

1) physical optics (PO)

2) uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) This hybridization enables the solution of much

larger problems (in terms of wavelengths). SEMCAD uses a Finite-Difference Time-Domain

(FDTD) kernel and focuses on main applications, namely near-field analysis, antennas embedded in complex environments, EMC/EMI applications and dosimetry.

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION RESULTS

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION

RESULTS(contd.)

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION

RESULTS(contd.)*At 2.45 GHz, the simulation is performed using a quarter wave antenna radiating inside the car structure.

*This transmitting antenna is located either on the dashboard or in the rear boot.

*A metal sheet is also laid between the passenger cell and the motor compartment.

*A 10 cm diameter circular hole is perforated into this metal sheet. Otherwise, the passenger cell is empty.

*Windscreens are considered fully transparent to RF signals and the car body is simulated as a perfect conductor.

* Figures 2 and 3 show results respectively obtained using the 2.45 GHz radiating source (bright point) situated on the dashboard or in the boot.

* They are presented with an overall dynamic range representation of respectively 60 dB and 40 dB.

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION

RESULTS(contd.)* From the dashboard, a fairly good RF coverage is obtained over

the whole structure including the imperfectly shielded motor compartment.

* An overall signal amplitude dynamic of 50 dB is deduced from these results.

*Moving the receiving location a few centimetres apart, even in the vicinity of the transmitting antenna, leads to signal fluctuations in the order of 30 dB.

* This result can be compared to the huge number of propagation modes that exist inside a large perfectly conducting cavity.

*On figure 3, transmitting from the boot yields to different results. The motor compartment radio coverage exhibits a supplementary attenuation due to the presence of the metal sheet separating the passenger cell from the motor compartment.

* The lower overall dynamic of the representation emphasizes the fluctuations of signal propagated inside the car body.

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION RESULTS

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION

RESULTS(contd.)

*BLUETOOTH LINK SIMULATION

RESULTS(contd.)

*Vehicle to vehicle communication

*Vehicle to vehicle communication

* Within a platoon, car and truck drivers use information about the speed and position of the preceding and following vehicles in order to elaborate and update a real time driving solution.

* these equipments only track the first preceding vehicle to deduce its speed and position.

* Nevertheless, this computed information remains on board the vehicle that has performed the measurement.

* a platoon, the frontal road perception of the first vehicle is very particular and highly significant. Thus, it seems to us, that this information can be shared in real-time with the following vehicles within the platoon.

* This concept has been named Electronic Millimetre Wave P re-View Mirror (EPVM). Two RF links are considered.

* The first one uses a Bluetooth 2.45 GHz link, the second one uses a modified extended AICC sensor.

* This last concept is illustrated by the artist’s view provided in figure 4. Using a passive sub-reflector, some of the millimetric (76 GHz) RF power available in the sensor is transmitted backwards behind the vehicle to following vehicles.

*CONCLUSION*The use of Bluetooth has been investigated in order to

evaluate its potential for some ITS applications.

*Simulating and experimenting these systems for communicating inside a vehicle show that the propagation channel is harsh but that it is possible to maintain, for the chosen experimented locations a good radio-coverage inside the whole car.

*For vehicle-to-vehicle communication, Bluetooth 1.1 standard available equipment seems also promising. Using available PCMCIAs cards, video transmissions up to 100 m have been achieved.

*Of course, the limited standard data rate means limited video resolution and frame rate in comparison to the use of the wide bandwidth provided by an AICC extended sensor.

THANK YOU!!!!