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7/29/2019 Mid Schoolteachers 0711

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Robotics Institute , CMU | Center for Inclusive Design and Environmental Access, UB

Universal Design inTransportationAaron Steinfeld

RERC on Accessible Public Transportation

PI & Co-Director, [email protected]

www.rercapt.org


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RERC on Accessible Public TransportationCarnegieMellon

AaronSteinfeld

AnthonyTomasic

JohnZimmerman

YunHuang

EllenAyoob

SteveGardiner

MarynelVzquez

Jiseon(Daisy)Yoo

ChayaHiruncharoenvate

TaylorRaack

WillGoodale

RosalieTraficante

Manyclassprojectteamsand

student/staffalumni

UniversityatBuffalo

EdSteinfeld

JordanaMaisel

VictorPaquet

JamesLenker

HeamchandSubryan

DaniseLevine

CliveDSouza

Uma Damle

Piyush Bareria

Rahul Aggarwal

Jonathan White

PortAuth.ofAlleghenyCo.

NiagaraFronUerTrans.Auth.

nitedSpinalAssociaUon

GilligCorporaUon

Grimshaw-ArchitectsAmericanSeaUng

Li-

ESPAProjectACTION

IBMResearchTokyo

RERConniversalDesignQoLTERC


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Accessible Transportation is Critical

Employment, independence, & social engagement More than half a million people with disabilities cannot leave their

homes because of transportation difficulties [1]

One-third of people with disabilities have inadequate access totransportation[2]

46% of people with disabilities, compared to 23% of people withoutdisabilities, reported feeling isolated from their communities [3]

Lack of transportation (29%) was only second to a lack of appropriatejobs being available (53%), as the most frequently cited reason forbeing discouraged from looking for work[4]

[1] Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation

[2] N.O.D. Harris Survey of Americans with Disabilities

[3] N.O.D. Harris Survey of Community Participation

[4] Loprest & Maag, 2001


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Good Transit is Universal Design

When done well, it serves a broad community

Intrinsic motivation to transition from paratransit to mainline service

Unfortunately, delivery of service and specific pieces still have issues


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Travel Chain

Using the

vehicle

Rider information systems

& the built environment


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Changing Vehicle Design (Buffalo)

Systematic review of stateof the art

Bus ramp slope testing Space and concept testing Bus design with industry

participation

Vehicle design tools &standards Leverage large-scale

anthropometric database


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Boarding & Space Requirements

Evidence base Targeted research on critical

issues

Example: Ramp slope Identify issues for

underrepresented groups


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Example Results: Entry Space

Foot clearance at fareboxis more critical than wheel

well clearance when

entering at front door


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Changing a System (Carnegie Mellon)

Scale & complexity

Impacts both ridersand agencies

External forces Congestion LivabilityAll politics is local

Quantity of transit

Information canmake an impact onpolicy


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Information Types

Planning trips

Trip planning Station wayfinding Streetscapes

Real-time

Arrival times Stop alerts

Policy & Planning

System changes Financing Data


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Information by Mobile Phone

Voice channel

Menu trees, numeric and speech Natural dialog (e.g., Lets Go! in

Pittsburgh)

SMS text channel

E.g., RouteShout, RoadifySome of these methods require

knowledge of the stops name


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Smartphone Apps

Trip planning and real-time arrival apps

Many options, usually specific to individual cities Often rebranded versions of a common base

application

OneBusAway: strong research component

WGBH/NCAM research results: Many of theseapps are not accessible even though funded by

agencies

Integration of geolocation data withinformation about accessible infrastructure

IBM Accessibility City Tag (ACT!): Identifiesaccessible buildings in Nettuno, Italy

Wheelmap: OpenStreetMap data specific toaccessibility


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Station Wayfinding

Static Maps

Color coding Perspective views using architectural rendering tools

Electronic infrastructure

Kiosks: touchscreens and tactile maps Talking Signs (IR beacons) Good for stations with dense demand

Wifi localization on smartphones


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Infrastructure Based Dynamic Information

Dynamic message boards,

flatscreens, etc

Timely information

More than one screen of information

More data Ads

Alerts, outages

Multiple languages, non-textinformation


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Policy & Planning

Engaging public for input on policy and planning

Twitter, Facebook, and Web 2.0 Project-specific websites (branding) People will vote to raise taxes for specific

transportation projects

Co-Design

Customers a source of competence Dialog between customers and service providers Focused on the types and form of service desired Co-creation of value between customers and service

providers


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RERC-APT as an Example

Citizen science reporting, co-design,

social interaction

Mobile, tailored, real-time information


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Citizen Science

Rich media evidence for large-

scale impact

End user data collection

Personal value/interest Opt-in

Stationary works well

Citizen weather stationsAudubon Society

Mobile now possibleAir pollutionAccess barriers www.zexe.net/GENEVE/map.php


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Biasing Factors

Awareness of jurisdiction

E.g., sidewalks outside of theimmediate bus stop area are theresponsibility of the local municipality

Wall of shame models are not sustainable

Black hole effect

Our data from transit: 8% of ridersreported timely resolution of complaints,and only about 50% of the time

A good feedback loop is critical


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How to Report?

Is rich media worth it?

Photos and video consumebandwidth and space

Worth moving beyond status quo?

Call centers Web forms

Results: Text with Photo


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Tell Me About My Bus

Prediction of bus arrival time

Strong desire among riders Reduces load on call center

Universal value, critical for disability

Weather, crime, reliability Bus fullness space for wheelchairs

Current systems are expensive

Solution: get riders to help


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Community Driven Solution

Crowdsource acquisition of data

Riders report on bus location & fullness Integrate data

Predict using machine learning

Support feedback from riders about

experiences

Transparency, prioritization, and reporttracking

Support observation reports Problems, positives, suggestions


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Crowdsource Transit Info

Information that has

universal value

Screen reader friendly

Real-time: A fellow user on this bus

and recording location and fullness

Historic: Enough collected data to

give estimates


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Tellcommunityand

agencyaboutgood

things,problems,and

sugges


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Field Trial: it Works!

28 users over 3 weeks Traced 56% of rides Viewed 16,263 impressions

6% real-time, 7% historic 22 problem reports from 14 participants

Only 3 had previously ever reported Comparable to riders with disabilities

Very high TAM scores: utility, easeof use, enjoyment, output quality,

intent to use

www.tiramisutransit.com and App Store


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Next: Social Interaction & Co-Design


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Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center onAccessible Public TransportationA partnership between the Robotics Institute at Carnegie MellonUniversity and the IDeA Center at SUNY Buffalo

Funded by:This Center is funded by grant number H133E080019

from the United States Department of Education through

the National Institute on Disability and RehabilitationResearch

Additional support provided by IBM, Google, and the

Traffic21 program at Carnegie Mellon University


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Robotics InstituteSchool of Computer Science | Carnegie Mellon University5000 Forbes Ave. | Pittsburgh, PA 15213

Center for Inclusive Design & Environmental AccessSchool of Architecture & Planning | SUNY at Buffalo378 Hayes Hall | 3435 Main Street | Buffalo, NY 14214 3087

RERC-APThttp://www.rercapt.orgtel: +1 (716) 829.5902 | fax: +1 (716) 829.3861

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