The stability and protection The stability and protection of the Roman Empire was of the Roman Empire was

shattered by:shattered by:

Invasions Invasions of of

BarbariansBarbarians..

This is the name for the This is the name for the system that arose in the system that arose in the Middle Ages to provide Middle Ages to provide

security and protection on a security and protection on a local level:local level:

FEUDALISMFEUDALISM

A lord gave land to a A lord gave land to a vassal in exchange for:vassal in exchange for:

1. Military service1. Military service

2. A percentage of 2. A percentage of cropscrops

3. Administration of 3. Administration of courtscourts

4. Fee collection 4. Fee collection

The origin of serfdom in The origin of serfdom in which people are bound which people are bound to work the land for a to work the land for a

particular landowner is:particular landowner is:

The Roman The Roman Latifundia Latifundia

and Slavery and Slavery system.system.

This was the name for the This was the name for the stable, self-sufficient stable, self-sufficient

economic system in the economic system in the Middle Ages:Middle Ages:

The The ManorManor

The 3 major classes in the The 3 major classes in the Middle Ages with their Middle Ages with their

separate roles:separate roles:

1. The Clergy – 1. The Clergy – spiritual guidancespiritual guidance

2. The Nobles – 2. The Nobles – protection and protection and justicejustice

3. The Peasants – 3. The Peasants – agricultural laboragricultural labor

Typically, the nobles attained Typically, the nobles attained their tiles and lands in this their tiles and lands in this

manner:manner:

InheritanceInheritance

T or F: The church could hold T or F: The church could hold manor lands and church manor lands and church officials could serve as officials could serve as

vassals.vassals.

TRUE! The Catholic TRUE! The Catholic church amassed church amassed great wealth and great wealth and

many land holdings many land holdings during the Middle during the Middle

Ages!Ages!

With his Carolingian With his Carolingian Renaissance, this king Renaissance, this king emphasized learning, emphasized learning,

Christianity and revived Christianity and revived Roman culture:Roman culture:

CharlemagnCharlemagnee

On Christmas Day of 800AD, On Christmas Day of 800AD, this official crowned this official crowned

Charlemagne, thus establishing Charlemagne, thus establishing the power of the Church:the power of the Church:

POPEPOPE

Charlemagne was crowned Charlemagne was crowned with this title:with this title:

Holy Holy Roman Roman

EmperorEmperor

With powers such as With powers such as excommunication and excommunication and

interdict, this institution held interdict, this institution held authority over Europeans:authority over Europeans:

The The Catholic Catholic ChurchChurch

The name of the treaty that The name of the treaty that divided Charlemagne’s empire divided Charlemagne’s empire

between his GRANDsons between his GRANDsons (although the SOL says it’s (although the SOL says it’s between his sons, ARGH):between his sons, ARGH):

Treaty Treaty of of

VerdunVerdun

These defensive structures These defensive structures provided protection from provided protection from

invaders such as the Vikings invaders such as the Vikings and Magyars:and Magyars:

CastlesCastles

Viking and Magyars settled Viking and Magyars settled in 1._____________ while the in 1._____________ while the

Angles and Saxons settled in Angles and Saxons settled in 2.____________. 2.____________.

1. Mainland 1. Mainland EuropeEurope2. England2. England

Medieval society was an Medieval society was an interesting combination of interesting combination of

these 3 traditions:these 3 traditions:

RomanRoman ChristianChristian GermanicGermanic

The concept of a united The concept of a united Christendom meant that Christendom meant that

loyalty to the ________ came loyalty to the ________ came before loyalty to the before loyalty to the

government.government.

Catholic Catholic ChurchChurch

St. Benedict is a founder of St. Benedict is a founder of a:a:

MonasteryMonastery

Monks were engaged in Monks were engaged in illumination and copying of illumination and copying of ancient manuscripts and ancient manuscripts and

helped to preserve secular helped to preserve secular works from ancient:works from ancient:

Greece Greece and and

RomeRome

The Latin alphabet and the The Latin alphabet and the Christian faith were carried Christian faith were carried to the Germanic tribes and to the Germanic tribes and

the Celts by ________________the Celts by ________________

MissionariesMissionaries

The parish priests The parish priests administered the 7 administered the 7

___________, essential for ___________, essential for salvation.salvation.

SacramentsSacraments

English king who united English king who united most of Medieval England most of Medieval England

after he successfully after he successfully conquered itconquered it

William the William the ConquerorConqueror

Law code of medieval Law code of medieval England that applied to ALL England that applied to ALL citizens, begun by Henry IIcitizens, begun by Henry II

COMMON COMMON LAWLAW

English king forced by nobles English king forced by nobles to sign the Magna Carta to sign the Magna Carta which limited the kings which limited the kings

powerspowers

KING KING

JOHNJOHN

War between England and War between England and France that helped define France that helped define

both as strong nationsboth as strong nations

100 100

YEARS’ YEARS’ WARWAR

French king who established French king who established throne in Paris and gradually throne in Paris and gradually

gained control of all of gained control of all of FranceFrance

HUGHHUGHCAPETCAPET

Peasant girl turned soldier Peasant girl turned soldier who unified France during who unified France during

the 100 Years’ Warthe 100 Years’ War

JOAN JOAN

OF OF

ARCARC

Spanish monarchs who Spanish monarchs who unified Spain as a Christian unified Spain as a Christian nation by kicking out Jews nation by kicking out Jews

and Muslim Moorsand Muslim Moors

Ferdinand & Ferdinand & IsabellaIsabella

Russian tsar who overthrew Russian tsar who overthrew the Mongols, made his the Mongols, made his capital in Moscow and capital in Moscow and

expanded Russiaexpanded Russia

IVAN IVAN

THE THE

GREATGREAT

Pope whose speech called Pope whose speech called for the Crusadesfor the Crusades

POPE POPE URBAN IIURBAN II

Why the Pope called Why the Pope called Christian soldiers to join the Christian soldiers to join the

CrusadesCrusades

Muslims Muslims had taken had taken JerusalemJerusalem

Outcome of the 1Outcome of the 1stst Crusade Crusade

Christians re-Christians re-captured Jerusalem captured Jerusalem but many returned but many returned home and Muslims home and Muslims took it back againtook it back again

Muslim leader the Crusaders Muslim leader the Crusaders lost Jerusalem tolost Jerusalem to

SALADINSALADIN

Why Crusaders sacked Why Crusaders sacked Constantinople in the 4Constantinople in the 4thth

CrusadeCrusade

They They wanted the wanted the

city’s city’s wealth.wealth.

*Population declined*Population declined*scarce labor*scarce labor*decline of feudalism*decline of feudalism*Church loses influence*Church loses influence*trade decreased*trade decreased

Results of Results of the Black the Black

DeathDeath

*literate*literate*worked in monasteries*worked in monasteries*translated Classic works into *translated Classic works into LatinLatin

CHURCHCHURCHSCHOLARSSCHOLARS

*Increased demand for luxury *Increased demand for luxury items from Mid Eastitems from Mid East*credit and banks now used*credit and banks now used

$$ effects $$ effects of the of the

CrusadesCrusades