middleware

• Middleware

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Oracle Corporation Oracle Fusion Middleware

1 Oracle Fusion Middleware


Data dictionary Middleware

1 middleware, which communicates with the underlying DBMS data

dictionary


Data dictionary Middleware

1 Software frameworks aimed at rapid application development sometimes

include high-level data dictionary facilities, which can substantially

reduce the amount of programming required to build menus, forms,

reports, and other components of a database application, including the

database itself


Aspect-oriented software development Aspect-oriented middleware

1 support for the application developer,

which includes



1 the crucial concepts of aspect supporting

middleware,



1 aspect-oriented software development using a specific

middleware, involving the aspect programming model, aspect deployment model, platform

infrastructure, and services of the middleware, and



1 Product Family Engineering (methods, architectures, techniques)

in distributed and ambient computing, and



1 support for the middleware developer

with respect to



1 host-infrastructure middleware,



1 distribution middleware,


Grid computing - Software implementations and middleware

1 Advanced Resource Connector (NorduGrid's

ARC)



1 Berkeley Open Infrastructure for

Network Computing (BOINC)



1 European Middleware Initiative



1 SDSC Storage resource broker

(data grid)


Oracle Certification Program - Oracle Java and Middleware Certifications

1 (Formerly, Sun Certifications)



1 Java SE 5 Programmer

Certified Professional

Upgrade Examhttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Java SE 6 Programmer

Certified Professional

Upgrade Examhttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Java EE 5 Web Component Developer Certified Professional

Upgrade Exam



1 Java EE 5 Business Component Developer Certified Professional

Exam



1 Java EE 5 Web Services Developer Certified

Professional Upgrade Exam



1 Java SE 6 Developer Certified Master Assignment for Resubmission



1 Java Enterprise Architect Certified Master Assignment for

Resubmission



1 The old certification was formed by Sun Technologies.


Middleware analyst

1 Middleware analysts are computer software engineers with a specialization in products

that connect two different computer systems together. These products can be open-source or proprietary. As the term

implies, the software, tools, and technologies used by Middleware analysts sit "in-the-middle", between two or more systems; the purpose being to enable two

systems to communicate and share information.


Middleware analyst - Roles and Responsibilities

1 SOA is a central theme in most middleware analyst roles within organizations.


Middleware analyst - Best practices for implementations

1 Middleware best practices encompass generally accepted

principles to promote usability and maintainability. A selected few examples of best practices are

included here to provide valuable insight and enlightenment as to how middleware addresses key principles

of standards-based computing.



1 A common problem new implementations of middleware stumble into is how user-defined

applications are configured so that queue references bypass queue alias

definitions referring directly to the queue local or queue remote

definition



1 For example, if a queue local were overflowing, a middleware admin

could change the queue alias to point to a temporary queue local, thereby allowing the user-defined application

to continue its processing without interruption while the underlying root

cause is corrected.



1 By pointing all user-defined application references to queue

aliases, it preserves the flexibility that middleware admins would have to help with production issues that may occur. If the best practice of

queue aliases were not followed, the ability of a middleware admin to help

with a production outage would be hindered.


Middleware analyst - Skills

1 Message queuing (“MQ”) is a middleware technology that greatly simplifies

communication between the nodes of a system and between the nodes that connect

systems together. Information system consultants use message queuing as their

skill base. Upon this base, information system consultants add workflow management,

message brokering, and cutting edge J2EE implementations using java virtual machines (JVMs) and Message Driven Beans (MDBs).



1 Middleware analysts perform crucial

evangelization of this concept.



1 Middleware analysts rely on an SOA reference architecture to lay out an

SOA environment that meets the company's needs and priorities


Middleware analyst - Generic common practices

1 Because middleware is a cross-platform tool, the sophistication of

your middleware analysts are expected to be acute. People that are

designing and implementing the middleware message flow need to fully understand how the security

model on each target platform works. This may include Windows, Unix,

z/OS or AS/400.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Middleware protects data in transit through PKI and SSL technology. Security certificates are procured from a certification authority and

regularly deployed and updated on servers. This protects data while it is in-transit as it leaves one Server and

arrives on the next server in the chain. It does not protect data while

data is at rest.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Supplemental transmission security can augment the primary SSL measures that exist

on your server



1 When data is at rest in queues, it is not protected by MQ



1 Middleware data channels can be set up to provide varying degrees of protection


Middleware analyst - HIPAA-specific considerations

1 If your enterprise handles HIPAA ePHI data, then your middleware analysts

need to know and understand the requirements set forth by law. Failure to protect data at-rest may subject

your organization to fines and penalties levied by the Federal

government or other authority. This requires application-level data

encryption prior to delivering the data to the queuing system for

transport.


Middleware analyst - HIPAA-specific considerations

1 System administrators, including middleware analysts, are not

permitted to view unprotected ePHI data. Therefore, whenever ePHI data is present in any information system, it must be protected from the ability of an administrator to view it. It is

not permissible to allow ePHI data to be kept in a queue unprotected.


Volunteer computing - Middleware for volunteer computing

1 The client software of the early volunteer computing projects

consisted of a single program that combined the scientific computation

and the distributed computing infrastructure. This monolithic architecture was inflexible; for

example, it was difficult to deploy new application versions.



1 More recently, volunteer computing has moved to middleware systems

that provide a distributed computing infrastructure independently of the scientific computation. Examples

include:



1 The Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) is the

most widely used middleware system. It offers client software for

Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and other Unix variants.



1 XtremWeb is used primarily as a research tool. It is developed by a group based at the University of

Paris-South.



1 Xgrid is developed by Apple. Its client and server components run only on Mac OS X.



1 Grid MP is a commercial middleware platform developed by United

Devices and was used in volunteer computing projects including

grid.org, World Community Grid, Cell Computing, and Hikari Grid.



1 Most of these systems have the same basic structure: a client

program runs on the volunteer's computer. It periodically contacts project-operated servers over the

Internet, requesting jobs and reporting the results of completed jobs. This "pull" model is necessary because many volunteer computers are behind firewalls that do not allow incoming connections. The system

keeps track of each user's "credit", a numerical measure of how much work that user's computers have

done for the project.



1 Volunteer computing systems must deal with several problematic

aspects of the volunteered computers: their heterogeneity, their

churn (that is, the arrival and departure of hosts), their sporadic availability, and the need to not interfere with their performance

during regular use.



1 In addition, volunteer computing systems must deal with problems related to

correctness:



1 Volunteers are unaccountable and

essentially anonymous.



1 Some volunteer computers (especially those that are overclocked) occasionally

malfunction and return incorrect results.



1 Some volunteers intentionally return incorrect results or claim excessive credit for results.



1 One common approach to these problems is "replicated computing", in which each job is performed on at

least two computers. The results (and the corresponding credit) are

accepted only if they agree sufficiently.


Message-oriented middleware

1 The middleware creates a distributed communications layer that insulates the application developer from the

details of the various Operating Systems and network interfaces


Message-oriented middleware

1 MOM provides software elements that reside in all communicating components of a client/server

architecture and typically support asynchronous calls between the

client and server applications. MOM reduces the involvement of

application developers with the complexity of the master-slave

nature of the client/server mechanism.


Message-oriented middleware - Advantages

1 Central reasons for using a message-based communications protocol

include its ability to store (buffer), route, or transform messages while

conveying them from senders to receivers.


Message-oriented middleware - Asynchronicity

1 MOM comprises a category of inter-application communication software

that generally relies on asynchronous message-passing, as opposed to a

request-response architecture


Message-oriented middleware - Routing

1 Many message-oriented middleware implementations depend on a message queue system. Some

implementations permit routing logic to be provided by the messaging

layer itself, while others depend on client applications to provide routing information or allow for a mix of both paradigms. Some implementations make use of broadcast or multicast

distribution paradigms.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Message-oriented middleware - Transformation

1 In a message-based middleware system, the recipient's message need not replicate the sender's

message exactly


Message-oriented middleware - Disadvantages

1 The primary disadvantage of many message oriented middleware

systems is that they require an extra component in the architecture, the message transfer agent (message

broker). As with any system, adding another component can lead to reductions in performance and

reliability, and can also make the system as a whole more difficult and

expensive to maintain.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Message-oriented middleware - Disadvantages

1 In addition, many inter-application communications have an intrinsically synchronous aspect, with the sender

specifically wanting to wait for a reply to a message before continuing (see real-time computing and near-

real-time for extreme cases). Because message-based

communication inherently functions asynchronously, it may not fit well in such situations. That said, most MOM

systems have facilities to group a request and a response as a single pseudo-synchronous transaction.


Message-oriented middleware - Standards

1 Historically, there was a lack of standards governing the use of

message-oriented middleware that has caused problems. Most of the

major vendors have their own implementations, each with its own application programming interface

(API) and management tools.



1 The Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) is an emerging

standard that defines the protocol and formats used in the messaging

server and client, so implementations are interoperable



1 The Object Management Group's Data Distribution Service (DDS)

provides message-oriented Publish/Subscribe (P/S) middleware

standard that aims to enable scalable, real-time, dependable, high performance and interoperable data exchanges between publishers and subscribers. The standard provides interfaces to C++, C++11, C, Ada,

Java and Ruby.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 The eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a communications protocol for

message-oriented middleware based on XML (Extensible Markup

Language)



1 The Java EE programming environment provides a standard API called JMS (Java Message Service),

which is implemented by most MOM vendors and aims to hide the

particular MOM API implementations; however, JMS does not define the format of the messages that are

exchanged, so JMS systems are not interoperable.



1 A similar effort is with the actively evolving OpenMAMA project, which

aims to provide a common API, particularly to C clients. However, at

the moment it is primarily appropriate for distributing market-

oriented data (e.g. stock quotes) over pub-sub middleware.


Message-oriented middleware - Trends

1 Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) provides an open standard

application layer protocol for message-oriented middleware



1 The Object Management Group's Data Distribution Service (DDS) has added many new standards to the

basic DDS specification. See Catalog of OMG Data Distribution Service

(DDS) Specifications for more details.



1 XMPP is a communications protocol for message-oriented middleware based on XML (Extensible Markup

Language).



1 Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol (STOMP), formerly known as

TTMP, is a simple text-based protocol, provides an interoperable

wire format that allows STOMP clients to talk with any Message Broker supporting the protocol



1 An additional trend sees message-oriented middleware functions being implemented in hardware - usually FPGAs or other specialized silicon

chips.


Scaleform - Other middleware

1 *Wwise|Audiokinetic Wwise


XMPP - XMPP as an extensible Message Oriented Middleware (xMOM) platform

1 XMPP provides a general framework for messaging across a network. Not surprisingly,

this has a multitude of applications beyond traditional Instant Messaging (IM) and the

distribution of Presence data. While several Service Discovery protocols exist today (such as Bonjour, or the Service Location Protocol), XMPP provides a solid base for the Discovery of Services (see XEP-0030 DISCO) residing

locally or across a network, and the Availability of these Services (via Presence).


XMPP - XMPP as an extensible Message Oriented Middleware (xMOM) platform

1 Along with authentication and in-transit data protection, XMPP can be

applied at a variety of levels and may prove ideal as an extensible middleware or Message Oriented

Middleware (MOM) protocol


Nanohub - Middleware

1 The web server uses a daemon to dynamically relay incoming VNC

connections to the execution host on which an application session is

running



1 One disadvantage of consolidating most communication through the

web server is the lack of scalability when too much data is transferred by individual users. In order to avoid a network traffic jam, the web server can be replicated and clustered into one name by means of DNS round-

robin selection.



1 The backend execution hosts that support Maxwell can operate with conventional Unix systems, Xen virtual machines, and a form of virtualization based on OpenVZ


Middleware

1 'Middleware' is computer software that provides services to software

applications beyond those available from the operating system. It can be

described as software glue. Middleware makes it easier for software developers to perform

communication and input/output, so they can focus on the specific purpose of their application.


Middleware - Middleware in distributed applications

1 The term is most commonly used for software that enables communication

and management of data in distributed applications. In this more

specific sense middleware can be described as “the dash in 'client-

server'” (or the '-to-' in peer-to-peer for that matter).



1 ObjectWeb defines middleware as: The software layer that lies between

the operating system and applications on each side of a

distributed computing system in a network. Services that can be

regarded as middleware include enterprise application integration, data integration, message oriented middleware (MOM), object request brokers (ORBs), and the enterprise

service bus (ESB).



1 Distributed computing system middleware can loosely be divided into two categories – those that provide human-time services (such as web request servicing) and those that perform in machine-time. This latter middleware is somewhat standardized

through the SA Forum|Service Availability Forum and is commonly used in complex,

embedded systems within telecom, defense and aerospace industries.


Middleware - Other examples of middleware

1 The term middleware is used in other contexts as well. Middleware is

sometimes used in a similar sense to a software driver, an abstraction

layer that hides detail about hardware devices or other software

from an application.



1 * The Mer (software distribution)|mer software distribution is a middleware:

it lacks the Linux kernel and it also lacks a UI. Mer is targeted at

hardware vendors mobile-oriented Operating Systems.



1 Android's middleware layer also contains the Dalvik (software)|Dalvik

virtual machine and its core Java application libraries.Charlie Collins,

Michael Galpin and Matthias Kaeppler, Android in Practice, Manning Publications, 2011



1 * Game engine software such as Gamebryo and Renderware are

sometimes described as middleware, because they provide many services

to simplify game development.



1 Middleware generally consists of a library of functions, and enables a

number of applications—simulations or federates in HLA terminology—to

paging|page these functions from the common library rather than re-create

them for each application.



1 * Wireless networking developers can use middleware to meet the challenges

associated with wireless sensor network (WSN), or WSN technologies. Implementing a

middleware application allows WSN Middleware Analysts|developers to integrate Operating Systems and hardware with the

wide variety of various applications that are currently available.Hadim, S. and Mohamed,

N. (2006). Middleware challenges and approaches for wireless sensor



1 networks. IEEE Distributed Systems Online vol 7. Issue 3. Retrieved March 4, 2009 from



1 [http://dsonline.computer.org/portal/site/dsonline/

menuitem.3a529f3832e8f1e13587e0606bcd45f3/index.jsp iEEE

Distributed Systems Online]



1 * The QNX Operating System offers middleware for providing multimedia

services for use in automobiles, aircraft and other envien middleware

system standard designed by the DVB project for interactive digital television. The MHP enables the

reception and execution of interactive, Java-based applications

on a television set.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 * Universal Home API, or UHAPI, is an application programming interface

(API) for consumer electronics appliances, created by the UHAPI

Forum. The objective of UHAPI is to enable standard middleware to run on audio/video streaming platforms

via a hardware-independent industry standard API.



1 * The Miles Sound System provided a middleware software driver allowing

developers to build software that worked with a range of different sound cards, without concerning

themselves with the details of each card.



1 * Radio-frequency identification software toolkits provide middleware

to filter noisy and redundant raw data.



1 * Iland project|ILAND is a service-based middleware dedicated to real-

time applications. It offers deterministic reconfiguration support

in bounded time.


Middleware - Boundaries

1 The distinction between operating system and middleware functionality is, to some extent, arbitrary. While

core kernel functionality can only be provided by the operating system

itself, some functionality previously provided by separately sold

middleware is now integrated in operating systems. A typical example

is the TCP/IP stack for telecommunications, nowadays

included in virtually every operating system.


Middleware - Origins

1 Middleware is a relatively new addition to the computing landscape. It gained popularity in the 1980s as a solution to the problem of how to link

newer applications to older legacy systems, although the term had been in use since 1968. It also facilitated

distributed processing, the connection of multiple applications to

create a larger application, usually over a network.


IBM mainframe - Middleware

1 Current IBM mainframes run all the major enterprise transaction processing environments and

databases, including CICS, Information Management System|

IMS, WebSphere Application Server, IBM DB2|DB2, and Oracle Database|Oracle. In many cases these software

subsystems can run on more than one mainframe Operating System.


WordPerfect - Application integration and middleware

1 While Microsoft offered something that looked like a fully integrated office suite in Microsoft Office, a common complaint about early

Windows versions of WordPerfect Office was that it looked like a

collection of separate applications from different vendors cobbled together, with inconsistent user

interfaces from one application to another.



1 This 'middleware' strategy would make software vendors and customers independent from

operating system vendors, like Microsoft, thus posing a real threat.



1 Contrary to Microsoft with its MS Office however, starting with WordPerfect Office 9, Corel successfully integrated the

components of WordPerfect Office almost seamlessly. PerfectScript and the middleware PerfectFit play the

major role here. Elements of applications like CorelDraw and

Ventura desktop publishing were also integrated and enriched the

document format.


SQLite - Middleware

1 * ADO.NET adapter, initially developed by Robert Simpson, is maintained jointly with the SQLite

developers since April 2010. http://system.data.sqlite.org/index.ht

ml/doc/trunk/www/index.wiki


SQLite - Middleware

1 * ODBC driver has been developed and is maintained separately by Christian Werner. http://www.ch-

werner.de/sqliteodbc/ Werner's ODBC driver is the recommended

connection method for accessing SQLite from OpenOffice.org.

http://documentation.openoffice.org/HOW_TO/data_source/SQLite.pdf


SQLite - Middleware

1 * Component Object Model|COM (ActiveX) wrapper making SQLite accessible on Windows to scripted

languages such as JScript and VBScript. This adds database

capabilities to HTML Applications (HTA).


Middleware (distributed applications)

1 Middleware is especially integral to modern information technology

based on XML, SOAP, Web services, and service-oriented architecture.


Middleware (distributed applications)

1 Middleware sits in the middle between application software that

may be working on different operating systems


Middleware (distributed applications) - Definitions

1 Software that provides a link between separate software applications. Middleware is

sometimes called plumbing because it connects two applications and

passes data between them. Middleware allows data contained in

one database to be accessed through another. This definition would fit enterprise application integration

and data integration software.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Middleware (distributed applications) - Origins

1 Middleware is a relatively new addition to the computing landscape. It gained popularity in the 1980s as a

'solution to the problem of how to link newer applications to older

legacy systems,' although the term had been in use since 1968. It also

facilitated distributed processing, the connection of multiple applications to

create a larger application, usually over a network.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Organizations

1 StormMQ provides Message Oriented

Middleware as a service.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Use of middleware

1 Middleware services provide a more functional set of application

programming interfaces to allow an application to:



1 *Locate transparently across the network, thus providing interaction with another service or application



1 *Filter data to make them friendly usable or public via

Anonymization#Anonymity on the Internet|anonymization process for

privacy protection (for example)



1 *Add complementary attributes like semantics



1 Middleware facilitates transparent access to legacy database

management systems (DBMSs) or applications via a web server without

regard to database-specific characteristics.Peng, C, Chen, S, Chung, J, Roy-Chowdhury, A, and

Srinivasan, V



1 existing business data from the World Wide Web. IBM Systems Journal, 37(1), 115-132.



1 Retrieved March 7, 2009, from ABI/INFORM Global database. (Document ID: 26217517)



1 Businesses frequently use middleware applications to link information from departmental

databases, such as payroll, sales, and accounting, or databases housed

in multiple geographic locations.Bougettaya, A, Malik, Z, Rezgui, A, and Korff, L. (2006). A

Scalable Middleware for Web



1 Databases. Journal of Database Management, 17(4), 20-39,41-46. Retrieved March 7,



1 In the highly competitive healthcare community, laboratories make extensive use of

middleware applications for data mining, laboratory information system (LIS) backup, and to combine systems during hospital mergers.

Middleware helps bridge the gap between separate LISs in a newly formed healthcare

network following a hospital buyout.Bagwell, H. (2008). [

http://www.devicelink.com/ivdt/archive/08/07/007.html Middleware: providing value beyond

autoverification]. IVDT. Retrieved



1 For Future Internet network operation through traffic monitoring in Network

management|multi-domain scenarios, using mediator tools

(middleware) is a powerful help since they allow Telecommunications

service provider|operators, searchers and service providers to supervise

Quality of service and analyse eventual failures in

telecommunication services.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Finally, e-commerce uses middleware to assist in handling rapid and secure

transactions over many different types of computer

environments.Charles, J. (1999). [

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx5/2/16523/00762786.pdf Middleware moves to the forefront]. Technology News.

Retrieved March 2,https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 2009. In short, middleware has become a critical element across a broad range of industries, thanks to

its ability to bring together resources across dissimilar networks or

computing platforms.



1 In 2004 members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) carried out a study of Middleware with respect to

system integration in broadcast environments


Middleware (distributed applications) - Message-Oriented Middleware

1 ISBN 978-0-470-86206-3 is middleware where transactions or event notifications are delivered between disparate systems or

components by way of messages, often via an enterprise messaging

system


Middleware (distributed applications) - Enterprise messaging system

1 An enterprise messaging system is a type of middleware that facilitates

message passing between disparate systems or components in standard formats, often using XML, SOAP or

web services.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Message broker

1 Part of an enterprise messaging system, message broker software

may queue, duplicate, translate and deliver messages to disparate systems or components in a

messaging system.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Enterprise Service Bus

1 Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) is defined by the Burton Group as

some type of integration middleware product that supports both Message-oriented middleware|MOM and Web

services.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Intelligent Middleware

1 [http://www.cougaarsoftware.com/files/CSI_ActiveEdge.pdf Choosing the Right

Middleware]


Middleware (distributed applications) - Intelligent Middleware

1 Intelligent Middleware (IMW) provides real-time intelligence and event management through intelligent

agents


Middleware (distributed applications) - Content-Centric Middleware

1 This is therefore similar to Publish/subscribe middleware, as well

as the Content-centric networking paradigm.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Remote Procedure Call

1 With Remote Procedure Call middleware, a client makes calls to

procedures running on remote systems. Can be asynchronous or

Synchronization (computer science)|synchronous.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Object Request Broker

1 With Object Request Broker middleware, it is possible for

applications to send objects and request services in an object-

oriented system.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Embedded middleware

1 Embedded middleware provides communication services and

integration interface software/firmware that operates

between embedded applications and the real time op.


Middleware (distributed applications) - Other

1 Other sources include these additional classifications:



1 *Transaction Processing System|Transaction processing monitors —

Provides tools and an environment to develop and Software deployment|

deploy distributed applications.



1 *Application servers — software installed on a computer to facilitate

the serving (running) of other applications.


List of free and open-source software packages - Middleware

1 * Bonita Open Solution(software) — a J2EE web application and java BPMN2 compliant

engine


List of IBM products - Middleware and applications

1 *IBM Audio Distribution System



1 *CICS|IBM CICS (Customer Information

Control System)



1 *Apache Derby|IBM Cloudscape Pure Java Database Server. Now open source Apache

Derby



1 *IBM Concurrent Copy, backup

software



1 *IBM DB2 Document Manager



1 *IBM Deep Computing Visualization for Linux

V1.2



1 *IBM Document Composition Facility (DCF), previously known as SCRIPT (markup)|SCRIPT



1 *IBM Document Library Facility (DLF)



1 *FileNet|IBM FileNet products, P8 Business Process Management and

Enterprise Content Management(FileNet bought by IBM)



1 *IBM Websphere Host On-Demand (HOD) Host On-Demand Web-based

TN3270, TN5250 and VT440 Terminal Emulation.



1 *IBM Lotus QuickPlace



1 *IBM Lotus Notes (Lotus Software|Lotus Development was bought by IBM in 1995)



1 *IBM Lotus SmartSuite Office

Suite



1 *IBM Personal Communications Emulator, also known as Host Access Client



1 *IBM QualityStage Acquired from

Ascential



1 *Rational Software's products (Rational

bought by IBM in 2003)



1 *IBM Rational Automation Framework Previously known as IBM Rational

Automation Framework for WebSphere



1 *IBM RFID Information Center (RFIDIC) Tracking and tracing products through supply

chains



1 *IBM SearchManager text search, successor to

STAIRS



1 *IBM Tivoli Framework (Tivoli Systems, Inc.|Tivoli Systems was bought by IBM in 1995)



1 *IBM Tivoli Change and Configuration Management

Database (CCMDB)



1 *IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler



1 *IBM Tivoli System Automation



1 *IBM U2, including IBM UniVerse and IBM

UniData Dimensional database DBMS



1 *IBM Virtualization Engine



1 *IBM WebSphere MQ (previously known as IBM

MQSeries)



1 *IBM Workplace Web Content Management (IWWCM) Web content management for WebSphere Portal

and Domino servers (Presence Online dba Aptrix bought by IBM in 2003)



1 *ICCF Interactive Computing and Control Facility. An interactive editor that runs under CICS on DOS/VSE.

Now included as part of VSE Central Functions.



1 *NCCF Network Communications Control Facility. A network monitoring and control

subsystem


Configurable Network Computing - JDENET and JDEBASE Middleware

1 JDENET and JDEBase middleware are the two elements in the CNC architecture that

allow JDE applications to communicate across heterogeneous distributed

computing environments. JDENET handles communications at the presentation layer with other internal JDE application, while

JDEBASE is the JDE middleware that provides platform-independent multi-

vendor SQL database access.


Game Engine - Game middleware

1 Some game middleware does only one thing but does it more

convincingly or more efficiently than general purpose middleware



1 The four most widely used middleware packages that provide subsystems of functionality include

RAD Game Tools' Bink, Firelight FMOD, Havok (software)|Havok, and

Scaleform GFx



1 Some middleware contains full source code, others just provide an application programming interface|API reference for a compiled binary library (computer science)|library.

Some middleware programs can be licensed either way, usually for a higher fee for full source code.


WebSphere MQ - Message-oriented middleware

1 WebSphere MQ, a member of the IBM WebSphere|WebSphere family from IBM, was the most popularTypically reported

as ~40% market share http://www.capitalware.biz/forecast_AI_market.html system for messaging across

multiple platforms in 2000, including Windows, Linux, OS/2, IBM mainframe

and midrange, and Unix. WebSphere MQ is often referred to as MQ or MQ Series.



1 * Messages are collections of binary file|binary or character (for instance

ASCII or EBCDIC) data that have some meaning to a participating

program. As in other communications protocols, storage, routing, and

delivery information is added to the message before transmission and stripped from the message prior to

delivery to the receiving application.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 * Message queues are objects that store messages in an

application.



1 A queue Manager, although not strictly required for message-

oriented middleware, is a WebSphere MQ prerequisite and system service that provides a logical container for

the message queue and is responsible for transferring data to other queue managers via message

channels.



1 * Messages do not depend on pure Packet (information technology)|

packet-based transmissions, such as TCP/IP. This allows the sending and receiving ends to be decoupled and potentially operate asynchronously.



1 Programs integrated with WebSphere MQ use a


JDBC driver - Type 3 Driver - Network-Protocol Driver(MiddleWare Driver)

1 The JDBC type 3 driver, also known as the Pure Java Driver for Database

'Middleware', is a database driver implementation which makes use of

a middle tier between the calling program and the database. The middle-tier (application server) converts JDBC calls directly or

indirectly into the vendor-specific database protocol.



1 This differs from the type 4 driver in that the protocol conversion logic resides not at the client, but in the middle-tier. Like type 4 drivers, the type 3 driver is written entirely in

Java.



1 The same driver can be used for multiple databases. It depends on

the number of databases the middleware has been configured to

support. The type 3 driver is platform-independent as the

platform-related differences are taken care of by the middleware.

Also, making use of the middleware provides additional advantages of

security and firewall access.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Message Oriented Middleware

1 In Middleware for Communications, ed


Message Oriented Middleware - Advantages

1 Central reasons for using a message-based communications protocol (computing)|protocol include its ability to store (buffer), route, or

transform messages while conveying them from senders to receivers.


Message Oriented Middleware - Asynchronicity

1 MOM comprises a category of inter-application software|application

communication software that generally relies on asynchronous

message passing|message-passing, as opposed to a request-response

architecture


Message Oriented Middleware - Routing

1 Many message-oriented middleware implementations depend on a message queue system. Some implementations

permit routing logic to be provided by the messaging layer itself, while others depend

on client applications to provide routing information or allow for a mix of both

paradigms. Some implementations make use of Broadcasting (networks)|broadcast

or multicast distribution paradigms.


Message Oriented Middleware - Transformation

1 Lyons, Extending Message-Oriented Middleware using Interception, presented at Third International Workshop on Distributed Event-Based Systems (DEBS '04), ICSE '04,

Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, 2004.] In conjunction with the routing and

broadcast/multicast facilities, one application can send a message in its own native format, and two or more other applications may each receive a copy of the message in their own

native format


Message Oriented Middleware - Disadvantages

1 The primary disadvantage of many message oriented middleware systems is that they

require an extra component in the software architecture|architecture, the message

transfer agent (message broker). As with any system, adding another component can lead to reductions in computer performance|

performance and reliability, and can also make the system as a whole more difficult and expensive to software maintenance|

maintain.


Message Oriented Middleware - Disadvantages

1 In addition, many inter-application communications have an intrinsically Synchronization (computer science)|synchronous aspect, with the sender

specifically wanting to wait for a reply to a message before continuing

(see real-time computing and near real time|near-real-time for extreme

cases)


Message Oriented Middleware - Standards

1 Historically, there was a lack of standardization|standards governing

the use of message-oriented middleware that has caused

problems. Most of the major vendors have their own implementations,

each with its own application programming interface (API) and

management tools.



1 The Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) is an emerging

standard that defines the protocol and formats used in the messaging

server and client, so implementations are interoperable



1 The Object Management Group| Object Management Group's Data Distribution Service|

Data Distribution Service (DDS) provides message-oriented Publish–subscribe pattern|

Publish/Subscribe (P/S) middleware standard that aims to enable scalable, real-time, dependable,

high performance and interoperable data exchanges between publishers and

subscribers.Data Distribution Service for Real-time Systems (DDS), Object Management Group, version 1.2, January 2007 The standard provides

interfaces to C++, C++11, C, Ada, Java and Ruby.



1 The eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is a communications protocol for

message-oriented middleware based on XML (Extensible Markup

Language)



1 The Java EE programming environment provides a standard API

called Java Message Service|JMS (Java Message Service), which is

implemented by most MOM vendors and aims to hide the particular MOM API implementations; however, JMS does not define the format of the messages that are exchanged, so JMS systems are not interoperable.


Message Oriented Middleware - Trends

1 * Advanced Message Queuing Protocol|Advanced Message Queuing

Protocol (AMQP) provides an open standard application layer protocol for message-oriented middleware OASIS AMQP version 1.0, sections 2.6.7-2.6.8. OASIS AMQP Technical

Committee. Retrieved 18 June 2012.



1 * The Object Management Group| Object Management Group's Data

Distribution Service| Data Distribution Service (DDS) has added

many new standards to the basic DDS specification. See [

http://www.omg.org/technology/documents/dds_spec_catalog.htm Catalog

of OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS) Specifications] for more

details.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 * Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol|XMPP is a communications

protocol for message-oriented middleware based on XML

(Extensible Markup Language).Johansson, Leif (April 18,

2005). XMPP as MOM. Greater NOrdic MIddleware Symposium (GNOMIS).

Oslo: University of Stockholm



1 * Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol| Streaming Text Oriented

Messaging Protocol (STOMP), formerly known as TTMP, is a simple

text-based protocol, provides an interoperable wire format that allows

STOMP clients to talk with any Message Broker supporting the

protocol STOMP Protocol Specification, Version 1.2, 22 October

2012, https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 * An additional trend sees message-oriented middleware functions being

implemented in hardware - usually FPGAs or other specialized silicon chips.[

http://advice.cio.com/ralph_frankel/are_you_soft_in_the_middle_the_future_of_enterprise_it_rests_in_hardware_applications?

commentpage=1 Are You Soft in the Middle? The future of enterprise IT rests

in hardware applications]


Oracle Fusion Middleware

1 'Oracle Fusion Middleware' (OFM, also known as 'Fusion Middleware') consists of several software products from Oracle Corporation. OFM spans multiple services, including Java

EE and Software development|developer tools, Systems integration|integration

services, business intelligence, collaborative software|collaboration, and content

management. OFM depends on open standards such as BPEL, SOAP, XML and Java

Message Service|JMS.



1 Oracle Fusion Middleware provides software for the development,

deployment, and management of service-oriented architecture (SOA).

It includes what Oracle calls hot-pluggable architecture,



1 (Oracle Corporation's web-page on OFM's hot-pluggable

capabilities.)



1 designed to facilitate integration with existing applications and systems

from other software vendors such as IBM, Microsoft, and SAP AG.


Oracle Fusion Middleware - Evolution

1 Many of the products included under the OFM banner do not themselves

qualify as middleware products: Fusion Middleware essentially

represents a re-branding of many of Oracle products outside of Oracle's

core database and applications-software offeringsmdash;compare

Oracle Fusion.



1 According to Oracle, by 2006 over 30,000 organizations had become Fusion Middleware customers, including over 35 of the world's 50 largest companies and more than 750 of the BusinessWeek Global 1000, with OFM also

supported by 7,500 business partner|partners.[ http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?

ACCT=104STORY=/www/story/04-25-2006/0004346680 Oracle Marks Key Milestone With Siebel Certification Roadmap for Oracle(R)

Fusion Middleware, prnewswire, 2006]



1 In order to provide standards-based software to assist with business

process automation, HP has incorporated OFM into its service-

oriented architecture (SOA) portfolio.



1 Oracle leveraged its Configurable Network Computing (CNC)

technology acquired from its PeopleSoft/JD Edwards 2005

purchase.



1 Oracle Fusion Applications, based on Oracle Fusion Middleware, were

finally released in September 2010.


Oracle Fusion Middleware - Assessments

1 In January 2008 Oracle Universal Content Management won

InfoWorld's Technology of the Year award for Best Enterprise Content Manager, with Oracle SOA Suite

winning the award for Best Enterprise Service Bus.[

http://news.thomasnet.com/companystory/811621 Oracle Fusion

Middleware Wins Two InfoWorld Technology of the Year Awards]



1 In 2007 Gartner| Gartner, Inc. wrote that OFM has reached a degree of completeness that puts it on par

with, and in some cases ahead of, competing software stacks, and

reported revenue from the suite of over US$1 billion during FY06,

estimating the revenue from the genuinely middleware aspects at

US$740 million.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 Pezzini, Massimo; Barnes, Michael; Cantara, Michele; Iijima, Kimihiko

(2007) Oracle Fusion Middleware: On the Road to Service-Oriented

Architecture (and Beyond), Gartner RAS Core Research Note G00145119,

Gartner, Inc.


Oracle Fusion Middleware - Oracle Fusion Middleware components

1 ** JRockit (a Java Virtual Machine|JVM)



1 ** Business activity monitoring (BAM)



1 ** Business Process Analysis Suite



1 ** Oracle Data Integrator (ODI): an application using the database for set-based

data integration



1 ** Oracle Enterprise Service Bus



1 ** Oracle Web Services Manager (OWSM), a security and monitoring product for web

services



1 ** Oracle Developer Suite



1 ** Oracle Business Intelligence 11g http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/

middleware/bi-enterprise-edition/overview/index.html



1 ** Oracle Business Activity Monitoring

(Oracle BAM)



1 ** Oracle Crystal Ball - enables stochastic forecasting and simulation using spreadsheet

models



1 * User interaction



1 ** Oracle Universal Content

Management



1 ** Oracle Virtual Directory



1 ** Application server|application-server

security


Oracle Fusion Middleware - Integration, pricing and bundling

1 Apart from selling licenses to run OFM

components,


IBM WebSphere MQ - Message-oriented middleware

1 WebSphere MQ, a member of the IBM WebSphere|WebSphere family from IBM, was the most popularTypically reported

as ~40% market share http://www.capitalware.biz/forecast_AI_market.html system for messaging across

multiple platforms in 2000, including Windows, Linux, OS/2, IBM mainframe

and midrange, and Unix. WebSphere MQ is often referred to as MQ or MQ Series.


Python Paste - WSGI middleware

1 The Web Server Gateway Interface|WSGI standard is an interface that allows applications to use Python code to handle HTTP requests. A

'WSGI application' is passed a Python representation of an HTTP request by an application, and returns content which will normally eventually be

rendered by a web browser. A common use for this is when a web server serves content created by

Python code.



1 Functionality provided by WSGI middleware may include

authentication, logging, URL redirection, creation of session

(computer science)|sessions, and compression.



1 Paste helps in developing such WSGI middleware systems. For example, it is used in the Pylons project#Pylons Framework|Pylons web application

framework.


Procedural generation - Middleware

1 * Art of Illusion, an open source and free 3D modeler, has an internal node-based procedural texture

editor.



1 * CityEngine, a procedural 3D modeling software, specialized in city modeling.



1 * Filter Forge, an Adobe Photoshop plugin for designing procedural

textures using node-based editing.



1 * Grome, popular terrain and outdoor scenes modeler for games and simulation software.



1 * Houdini (software)|Houdini, a procedural 3D animation package. A

free version of the software is available.



1 * Autodesk Softimage|Softimage, a 3D computer graphics application that allows node-based procedural

creation and deformation of geometry.



1 * SpeedTree, a middleware product

for procedurally generating trees.



1 * Terragen, a landscape generation software. Terragen 2 permits

procedural generation of an entire world.


Nintendo Web Framework - Middleware

1 The Nintendo Web Framework currently supports the following middleware plugins:


PrimeSense - PrimeSense Middleware

1 They are released only as binaries.http://wiki.debian.org/PrimeSenseNite According to the NiTE Linkedin page: “Including

computer vision algorithims, NiTE identifies users and tracks their movements, and provides

the framework API for implementing Natural-Interaction UI controls based on

gestures.”http://www.linkedin.com/company/primesense/nite-middleware-902678/product The

system can then interpret specific gestures, making completely hands-free control of

electronic devices a reality



1 * Identification of people their body properties, movements

and gestures



1 * Classification of objects such as furniture


List of LDAP software - Middleware

1 * [http://opendj.forgerock.org/opendj-server/doc/admin-guide/index/appen

dix-rest2ldap.html Rest2LDAP] - a Representational state transfer|REST-

to-LDAP gateway (computer program)|gateway


European Middleware Initiative

1 It is the base for other Grid computing|grid middleware

distributions used by scientific research communities and

distributed computing infrastructures all over the world especially in

Europe, South America and Asia


European Middleware Initiative

1 The EMI middleware is a cooperation among three general purpose grid platforms, the Advanced Resource Connector, gLite and UNICORE and

the dCache storage software.


European Middleware Initiative - Purpose

1 The purpose of the EMI distribution is to consolidate, harmonize and support the original software

platforms, evolve and extend them. Redundant or duplicate services resulting from the merging are

deprecated, in favour of new services added to satisfy user requirements or

specific consolidation needs, standardizing and developing

common interfaces. These include the adoption of a common structure for accounting, resource information

exchange or authentication and authorization.


European Middleware Initiative - Purpose

1 Input for the development activities is taken from users, infrastructures

projects, standardization initiatives or changing technological innovations.

The software products will be adapted as necessary to comply with standard open source guidelines to

facilitate the integration in mainstream operating system

distributions.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

European Middleware Initiative - Collaborations

1 A cooperation with FutureGrid, a US distributed testbed for Cloud

computing|Clouds, Grids and high-performance computing, was

announced in December 2011.


European Middleware Initiative - Collaborations

1 In January 2012, the EMI project formalized a partnership with the iMarine project to create an open data e-infrastructure for fisheries

management and marine conservation.


European Middleware Initiative - Users

1 By 2008 the EMI software distribution provided most of the middleware components which support the

execution and completion of the millions of Batch processing|

computational jobs handled by the 350 centers of the European Grid

Infrastructure and the tens of petabytes of data transfers occurring

between the storage systems of those centers.


European Middleware Initiative - Users

1 EMI middleware was used in the WLCG infrastructure which supports, for example, the search for the Higgs

boson (the God Particle) and new types of matter searches of the

physicists at LHC together with other research in astronomy, biology,

computational chemistry and other sciences.


European Middleware Initiative - License

1 There is no common EMI license though all licenses used by EMI are

open source. Each product has a long history behind its own license. Most

are Apache or BSD.


European Middleware Initiative - License

1 dCache products are released under the dCache Software License but they adopted the Affero General

Public License license from 1 January 2012.


European Middleware Initiative - Products

1 The EMI products (components of the release) can be grouped in four

categories (areas): computing, data, security and infrastructure.



1 The first release of the software is composed of 56 products packaged

for Scientific Linux 5 (32, 64bit).



1 The second release is also made of 56 products which are available for

Scientific Linux 5 64bit and Scientific Linux 6 64bit. A subset of services is also available for Debian 6 64bit with

more planned with the updates.



1 The third and final release contains 61 products for the Scientific Linux 5 64bit (480 packages), Scientific Linux 6 64bit (474 packages) and Debian 6 (233 packages) Linux distributions.

All components are supported on the Scientific Linux platforms while some

are not on Debian.


European Middleware Initiative - Releases

1 EMI releases are of two types. Major releases include most if not all components and Component

Releases which is related to a single product.


European Middleware Initiative - Releases

1 A collection of components may be

released as an update to a major

release.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

European Middleware Initiative - Major releases

1 Major releases are delivered once per year. Three planned major releases

were named after European mountains.



1 Full Support: updates are released to address issues in the code and new

features are provided (lasts 12 months)



1 Standard Updates: updates are released to address issues in the

code but no new features are provided (lasts 6 months)



1 Security Updates and Support: only updates targeting security

vulnerabilities are provided (6 months)



1 As older versions of the EMI products are superseded by newer versions,

an end-of-life announcement is made which coincides with the end of the

security updates and support period.



1 As of May 2013, 24 updates were released for EMI 1 Kebnekaise, 13 for

EMI 2 Matterhorn and 3 for EMI 3 Monte Bianco.


European Middleware Initiative - Component releases

1 Minor Releases: contain interface or functional changes that are

backwards-compatible with those of the current major release. They are

issued a few times per year.



1 Revision Releases: available every week or two weeks. They contain only bug fixes.



1 Emergency Releases: contain only very specific bug fixes, typically

security-related and are available as need, using emergency release

procedures.


Agent-oriented programming - Middleware

1 This can be achieved via AOP and APIs to middleware agents that can flexibly and dynamically manage

communication.


SAGA (computing) - Supported middleware

1 The following table lists the distributed middleware systems that are currently supported by SAGA. The column labeled Adaptor Suite names the collection (release package) of

the (set of) middleware adaptors that provides support for the middleware

system.


Stellent - Oracle Fusion Middleware components

1 ** Oracle Business Intelligence 11ghttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/bi-enterprise-edition/

overview/index.html


Advanced Resource Connector - European Middleware Initiative

1 In 2010-2013, several key ARC components - most notably, HED, A-

REX, clients and libraries - were included in the European Middleware

Initiative (EMI) software stack. Through EMI, ARC became a part of the Unified Middleware Distribution

(UMD) of the European Grid Infrastructure (EGI).


Iland project - Middleware functionalities

1 The merging of the real-time systems and the service-oriented

architectures enables more flexible a dynamic distributed systems with

real time features. So a number of functionalities have been identified

to create a SoA based middleware for deterministic reconfiguration of

service based applications:



1 * Service registration/deregistration: Stores in the system the

functionalities and the description of the different services.



1 * Service discovery: Enables external actor to discover the services currently stored in the system.



1 * Service composition: Creates the service

based application on run-time.



1 * Service based admission test: This functionality checks if there are

enough resources for the services execution in the distributed system.



1 * Resource reservation: This functionality acquires the necessary resources in the host machine and

the network.



1 * System monitoring: This functionality measures if the

resources required for the execution of services are not being exhausted.



1 * System reconfiguration: This functionality changes the services currently running on the system by

other services providing same functionality.


Iland project - Middleware architecture

1 The architecture of the iLAND middleware consists in two layers.

The high level one is the Core Functionality Layer. It is oriented to the management of the real time

service model. The low layer creates bridges to the system resources and

the network resources in order to provide the real time operation. Each

of these layers contain different software components


Iland project - Middleware architecture

1 The middleware architecture is further explained in Marisol García

Valls, I. Rodríguez López, L. Fernández Villar. iLAND: An Enhanced

Middleware for Real-Time Reconfiguration of Service Oriented Distributed Real-Time Systems. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics

where the reconfiguration mechanism of the middleware is also

explained.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

List of smart TV platforms and middleware software

1 The following list encompasses notable smart TV platforms and

application software that are used as software framework and middleware platforms used by more than just one

manufacturers.


List of smart TV platforms and middleware software - Framework platforms managed by standardization bodies or technology

consortium

1 *CE-HTML (as part of Web4CE), by Consumer Electronics Association|

CEA (Consumer Electronics Association)


List of smart TV platforms and middleware software - Framework platforms managed by single companies or foundations

1 *Boxee (popular Fork (software development)|fork of the XBMC

media center software with custom Graphical user interface|GUI and

some Proprietary software|proprietary application framework for

Application software|apps)



1 * Liberty Global#Horizon TV|Horizon TV (by Liberty Global, also known as

UPC in Europe) a cross-platform platform based Fork (software

development)|fork of the XBMC media center software with

proprietary middle-ware framework for video on demand and handling DRM for streaming cable television

channels.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html


1 *MeeGo for smart TVhttps://meego.com/devices/smart-

tv MeeGo for Smart TV (Linux Foundation, Intel Corporation|Intel,

AMD) currently based on a derivative fork of XBMC media center

softwarehttps://build.pub.meego.com/package/show?package=xbmc-

glesproject=home%3Aarfoll%3Axbmc-testing xbmc-gles



1 *Microsoft Mediaroom|Mediaroom (former Microsoft, Acquired by Ericsson in Sept 2013)



1 * OpenTV (by Nagravision, also known as NAGRA, a company of the Kudelski Group)



1 * List of software based on XBMC#ToFu Media Platform and ToFu

Media Center by Pivos|ToFu Media Platform (cross-platform fork of XBMC media center licensed to third parties

and other commercial partners as OEM)



1 *Ubuntu TV, Unity Next|Unity user interface and Ubuntu (operating

system)|Ubuntu operating system based platform by Canonical Ltd.|

Canonical.



1 *XBMC|XBMC Media Center, by the XBMC Foundation and its open

source community, cross-platform media center and DVR/PVR frontend

software.



1 *Plex_(software)|Plex, cross-platform media center with streaming

functionality to numerous devices.



1 *Zappiti Media Center, cross-platform media center with local/streaming functionality to numerous devices such as computers, Android/iOS,

Media Players.


List of smart TV platforms and middleware software - Vendor specific smart TV platforms

1 *Samsung Smart TV[http://www.samsung.com/us/articl

e/samsung-2011-ces-wrap-up-products-for-a-smarter-life] Samsung

2011 CES Wrap-up: Products for a Smarter

Lifehttp://www.samsungsmarttvchallenge.eu Samsung Smart TV

Challenge



1 *Roku (also the name of the

company who makes the device)



1 *Xbox 360 (by Microsoft), while primarily a game console, it features

many typical smart TV features.


OpenTV - OpenTV 2 Middleware - Broadcast Digital Television Platform

1 OpenTV's flagship product is OpenTV 2 (formerly known as OpenTV Core), a widely

deployed digital television middleware. OpenTV 2.x software technology contains a

hardware abstraction layer to enable hardware independence, Television|TV libraries, a

broadcast stack (DVB-T/DVB-C/DVB-S, ISDB, ATSC...), a selection of application execution environments, and Personal Video Recorders

(PVRs) to create a digital television environment for set-top box.



1 Nagra offers OpenTV 2 middleware bundled with the award winning nX2 guide and user interface with their

Quickstart solution.[http://www.nagra.com/dtv/d

ownload_file/view/945/159/ Nx2 QuickStart Solution - An Advanced UI,

Easy to Adapt, Simple to use]



1 February 20, 2008] The OpenTV 2 middleware was deployed at BSkyB

(UK), Sky Italia (Italy), Digital+ (Spain), Télévision Par Satellite TPS

(France), Numericable (France), EchoStar (USA), Bell ExpressVu

(Canada), Foxtel (Australia), Austar (Australia), SKY TV (New Zealand)|Sky New Zealand (New Zealand),

Showtime Arabia|Showtime (Saudi Arabia), Evision (Dubai), Cablecom

(Switzerland), Euskaltel (Spain), Auna (Spain), StarHub (Singapore), TrueVisions (Thailand), Viasat

(Nordic), Hot (Israel)|HOT (Israël), Net Serviços de Comunicação (Brazil), Zee Dish TV of Essel Group (India),

TV Cabo (Portugal), Cabovisão (Portugal), Digiturk (Turkey), Etisalat

(UAE), NTV-Plus (Russia), Liberty Global UPC Broadband (Europe),

Nova (Greece), DStv (South Africa), among many other pay-TV operation

globally



1 OpenTV 2 was ported on more than 40 different types of television set-

top boxes such as the one from Pace plc|Pace, Advanced Digital

Broadcast|ADB, Amstrad, Daewoo, EchoStar, Grundig, Humax, Hyundai,

Panasonic|Matsushita, Motorola, Nokia, Philips, Sagemcom, Samsung,

Cisco/Scientific Atlanta, Sony, Toshiba and Thomson (now Technicolor SA|Technicolor).


OpenTV - OpenTV 4 Middleware - Internet Streaming Platform

1 OpenTV 4 client middleware leverages the Linux OS

capabilities.[http://www.echostar.com/NewsEvents/Press%20Releases/PressRelease.aspx?prid=

EchoStar Europe Integrates OpenTV’s Linux Client Solution from Nagravision September 11,

2010 - EchoStar] It supports HTTP Live Streaming (also known as HLS) adaptive

streaming with NAGRA PRM for secure over-the-top delivery of both live and On Demand

content. The software was deployed at Jazztel in Spain in Q4 2011.


Middleware Analysts

1 'Middleware analysts' are Software engineer|computer software engineers with a

specialization in products that connect two different computer systems together. These products can be Open-source software|open-source or proprietary. As the term implies, the

software, tools, and technologies used by Middleware analysts sit in-the-middle,

between two or more systems; the purpose being to enable two systems to communicate

and share information.


Middleware Analysts - Roles and Responsibilities

1 'Middleware analysts'http://wcts.whitman.edu/about/jobs/middlewareanalyst.html look

at the system of systems.http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1563466 They solve technical problems which involve large scale inter-disciplinary

objectives with multiple, heterogeneous, distributed systems that are embedded in networks at

multiple levels.http://www.springerlink.com/co

ntent/w55246h816hq5185/


Middleware Analysts - Roles and Responsibilities

1 Middleware analysts hold and maintain proficiency in middleware technologies. Middleware (distributed applications)|Middleware is computer software that

connects software components or applications. A senior middleware analyst should be able to articulate why service-oriented architecture|

SOA is important to business. SOA is a central theme in most middleware analyst roles within organizations.http://www.aberdeen.com/summary/report/benchmark/RA_IT_ESB_PK_3170.asp


Middleware Analysts - Best practices for implementations

1 Middleware best practices promote usability and maintainability among

the systems served. A few examples of best practices are included here to

provide some insight as to how middleware addresses key principles of Communications server|standards-

based computing.



1 One common problem for middleware is the manner in which

user-defined applications are configured so that queue references

bypass queue alias definitions referring directly to the queue local

or queue remote definition



1 For example, if a queue local were overflowing, a middleware admin

could change the queue alias to point to a temporary queue local, thereby allowing the user-defined application

to continue its processing without interruption while the underlying root

cause is corrected.


Middleware Analysts - Skills

1 Middleware analysts perform crucial

evangelization of this concept.


Middleware Analysts - Skills

1 Middleware analysts rely on an SOA reference architecture to lay out an

SOA environment that meets the company's needs and priorities


Middleware Analysts - Generic common practices

1 Middleware protects data in transit through public key infrastructure|PKI

and Transport Layer Security|SSL technology. Security certificates are

procured from a certification authority and regularly deployed and

updated on servers. This protects data while it is in-transit as it leaves one Server and arrives on the next

server in the chain. It does not protect data while data is at rest.



1 Encryption|Supplemental transmission security can augment

the primary SSL measures that exist on your server



1 When data is at rest in queues, it is not protected by MQ


Middleware Analysts - HIPAA-specific considerations

1 If your enterprise handles HIPAA HIPAA|ePHI data, then your middleware analysts need to know and

understand the requirements set forth by Information Privacy

Laws|law.http://www.rsa.com/products/bsafe/whitepapers/DDES_WP_0702.pdf Failure to protect data at-

rest may subject your organization to fines and penalties levied by the Federal government or other authority.http://health.state.tn.us/HIPAA/faq.htm This

requires application-level data encryption prior to delivering the data to the queuing system for

transport.http://www-01.ibm.com/software/integration/wmq/securityedition/about/


Game Middleware

1 A 'game engine' is a software framework designed for the creation and development of

video games


Game Middleware

1 A game engine is the software, i.e. some algorithms, solely responsible

for the game mechanics and is strictly speaking not the rendering

engine. Like e.g. the physics engine, the rendering engine is just

middleware. The rendering engine is responsible for the Rendering

(computer graphics)|rendering or rather 3D rendering and not for the

game mechanics.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Game Middleware - Purpose

1 Gamebryo, JMonkey Engine and RenderWare are such widely used middleware programs.



1 Despite the specificity of the name, game engines are often used for

other kinds of interactive applications with real-time graphical

needs such as marketing demos, architectural visualizations, training

simulations, and modeling environments.[http://adlcommunity.n

et/file.php/36/GrooveFiles/Games%20Madison/report

%20Middleware.pdf Report on Use of Middleware in Games]



1 These engines rely upon the video game developer|game developer to

implement the rest of this functionality or assemble it from

other game middleware components



1 As technology ages, the components of an engine may become outdated

or insufficient for the requirements of a given project. Since the complexity

of programming an entirely new engine may result in unwanted delays (or necessitate that the

project be completely restarted), a development team may elect to update their existing engine with

newer functionality or components.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

Game Middleware - Hardware abstraction

1 Most often, 3D engines or the rendering systems in game engines are built upon a graphics application programming interface (API) such as Direct3D or OpenGL which provides a software abstraction of the graphics processing unit (GPU) or video card



1 With the advent of hardware accelerated physics processing, various physics APIs such as PAL (software)|PAL and the physics

extensions of COLLADA became available to provide a software

abstraction of the physics processing unit of different middleware

providers and console platforms.



1 Game engines can be written in any programming language like C++, C (programming language)|C or Java

(programming language)|Java, though each language is structurally different and may provide different

levels of access to specific functions.


Game Middleware - History

1 Before game engines, games were typically written as singular entities:

a game for the Atari 2600, for example, had to be designed from the bottom up to make optimal use of the display hardware—this core display routine is today called the

kernel (computer science)|kernel by retro developers



1 While third-party game engines were not common up until the rise of 3D computer graphics in the 1990s,

there were several 2D game creation systems produced in the 1980s for

independent video game development



1 The term game engine arose in the mid-1990s, especially in connection with 3D games such as first-person

shooters (FPS)



1 Later games, such as id Software's Quake III Arena and Epic Games's

1998 Unreal were designed with this approach in mind, with the engine and content developed separately



1 Modern game engines are some of the most complex applications

written, often featuring dozens of finely tuned systems interacting to ensure a precisely controlled user

experience. The continued evolution of game engines has created a

strong separation between rendering, scripting, artwork, and

level design. It is now common, for example, for a typical game

development team to have several times as many artists as actual

programmers.



1 First-person shooter games remain the predominant users of third-party game engines, but they are now also

being used in other video game genres|genres



1 Thread (computer science)|Threading is taking on more importance due to

modern multi-core systems (e.g



1 Although the term was first used in the 1990s, there are a few earlier systems in the 1980s that are also considered to be game engines, such as Sierra's Adventure Game Interpreter

(AGI) and Sierra's Creative Interpreter|SCI systems, LucasArts' SCUMM system and

Incentive Software's Freescape engine. Unlike most modern game engines, these game

engines were never used in any third-party products (except for the SCUMM system which

was licensed to and used by Humongous Entertainment).


Game Middleware - Recent trends

1 As game engine technology matures and becomes more user-friendly, the

application of game engines has broadened in scope


Game Middleware - Recent trends

1 Additionally, more game engines are being built upon high-level

programming language|higher level languages such as Java

(programming language)|Java and C Sharp (programming language)|C#/.NET Framework|.NET (e.g


Game Middleware - Massively multiplayer online games

1 Some MMO middleware software packages already include a game

engine, while others provide networking only and therefore must be combined with a game engine to

create an MMO game.


Game Middleware - First-person shooter engines

1 A well-known subset of game engines are 3D first-person shooter

(FPS) game engines. Groundbreaking development in terms of visual

quality is done in FPS games on the human scale. While flight simulator|

flight and racing game|driving simulators and real-time strategy (RTS) games increasingly provide

realism on a large scale, first-person shooters are at the forefront of

computer graphics on these smaller scales.



1 The development of the FPS graphic engines that appear in games can be characterized by a steady increase in

technologies, with some breakthroughs. Attempts at defining distinct generations lead to arbitrary choices of what constitutes a highly modified version of an old engine and what is a brand-new engine.



1 The classification is complicated as game engines blend old and new technologies


IBM Software Group (SWG) - Middleware Group

1 * Rational Software mdash; Software development and application

lifecycle management. Acquired in 2002.


IBM Software Group (SWG) - Middleware Group

1 * Tivoli Software mdash; Systems management. Acquired in 1995. Re-

branded as 'Cloud Smarter Infrastructure' (CSI) in 2013.


Data grid - Middleware

1 In any case, most data grids will have similar middleware services

that provide for a universal namespace|name space, data transport service, data access

service, data replication and resource management service


For More Information, Visit:

• https://store.theartofservice.com/the-middleware-toolkit.html

The Art of Servicehttps://store.theartofservice.com





middleware

Documents