migraine
TRANSCRIPT
Migraine
Bandi Goutham
Dept. of Biological Sciences
IISER Bhopal
Introduction
Different types of Headaches
What is Migraine ?• Derived from the Greek word “ hemikranios“ = half head
• A migraine is a common type of headache that may occur with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or sensitivity to light. In many people, a throbbing pain is felt only on one side of the head.
• Migraine attacks are characterized by unilateral and pulsating severe headache, lasting 4-72 hours.
What causes migraines?
Some people who suffer from migraines can clearly identify triggers or factors that cause the headaches, but many cannot. Potential migraine triggers include :
• Allergies and allergic reactions
• Bright lights, loud noises, and certain odors or perfumes
• Physical or emotional stress
• Changes in sleep patterns or irregular sleep
• Smoking or exposure to smoke
• Skipping meals or fasting
Triggers do not always cause migraines, and avoiding triggers does not always prevent migraines.
Migraine Symptoms & Stages
Types of Migraine
Migraine with aura (classical migraine)
Migraine without aura (common migraine)
Primary theory of Migraine:
The primary theory is related to increased excitability of the cerebral cortex and abnormal control of pain neurons in the trigeminal nucleus of the brainstem.
Migraine trigger & pain perception
Pathophysiology
• There is dilatation of scalp arteries and large amplitude pulsations during attacks of migraine
• Radioactive xenon cerebral blood flow studies show significantly reduced regional flow through the cortex during the aura stage of migraine with aura.
Migraine trigger & pain perception
Pathways of Migraine
Concluding Remarks
•Neurobiology and patho-physiology of migraine is near to endless.
•Hence I am stopping at this, there are many other models also, but it may be too much.
• Goadsby PJ et al. N Engl J Med. 2002.
• wikipedia
• Daniela Pietrobon* and Jörg Striessnig Peitrobon_Striessning_nrn2003_migraine, nature reviews , neuro scince.
references
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