Demography, Technology and Governance – Challenges and

Opportunities for the 21st Century

Mildred Warner mew15@cornell.edu

Cornell University Presented to

Smart City World Expo Barcelona, Spain

Nov 30, 2011

Demographic Transformation

Sou

rces: wikisp

aces.com

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rces: fiajen

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Spain 2010

China 2010

United States 2009

Nigeria 2009

Source: adapted from Edwards, Ryan . 2010.

Unemployment, Dissatisfaction

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rce: totallyco

olp

ix.com

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urce: ism

-glob

al.net

Sou

rce: ww

w.african

ews.co

m

Sou

rce: ca.ibtim

es.com

Evolution of the Smart City

Enabling City

Provider City Security City

Contract City

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From Segregated to Integrated Services Segregated Integrated

Retirement Community + child care program

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An Integrated Systems Approach Segregated Integrated

Affordable Housing, Childcare and Transit Source: city-data.net

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rce: h

ou

singd

evelop

me

ntcen

ter.org

Work

School

Grocery

Home

Portland, US

Private Clubs Public Clubs

Holladay, Utah, United States Source: wangsgard.com

Pudong, Shanghai, China Source: khulsey.com

Valenbisi, Valencia, Spain Source: ttp://www.espanolenvalencia.com

Car2Go, Austin, USA Source: wheels.blogs.nytimes.com

From Exclusion To Inclusion

Failed Privatization

Soweto, South Africa CBC News

Cochabamba, Bolivia

Successful Public Delivery

AguaClara Honduras – community built systems potable water for less than $3/month/household

Public- Public Partnerships

Public – Public Partnerships Co-Production with Citizens

No Cost Savings Citizen Opposition

City

Citizens

Private Contractor

International Finance

Contract City

Broken Democratic Links

Increased Private Market Links

City

Citizens

Private Contractors

International Finance

Regulator Public Utility Commission

Rebuild Democratic Accountability

Regulated, Democratic Network

Importance of Civic Coordination

Nairobi, Kenya Bogota, Colombia

Source: incivilian.net

Source: sustainablecitiesnet.com

Private- Chaos, Congestion Public Coordination – but with role for private contracting

Democracy Voting and

Debate, Public

Accountability,

Citizen

Participation

Planning

Technical

Planning,

Monopoly

Management,

New Public

Enterprise

Balanced Approach

to Governmental

Reform

Markets

Competition,

Management &

Consumer

Choice

Warner, 2008, Policy and Society