military assistance for civil disturbances 1 3/30/00 (macdis)

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Military Assistance for Civil DisturbancesMilitary Assistance for Civil Disturbances

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(MACDIS)

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WHEN AND HOW SHOULD U.S. MILITARY FORCES BE USED TO PROVIDE CONTROL

DURING CIVIL DISORDER?

CONCEPT

DOD GARDEN PLOT PLAN

USJFCOM PLAN


CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Federal paratroopers escort African American pupils to Central High School in Little Rock, Ark. without trouble. 1,000 paratroopers had been called by President Eisenhower to restore order and escort nine black students safely to class. Sept. 26, 1957.


WATTS RIOTS

On Aug.11, 1965, six days of rioting began in the Watts section of Los Angeles. In the violence, 34 people were killed and 856 injured. Here, a National Guardsman escorts an elderly resident in the riot area.


1992 LOS ANGELES RIOTS

On the afternoon of 29 April 1992 the worst civil unrest since the riots of the 1960’s erupted in the streets of Los Angeles. Violence spread quickly and overwhelmed law enforcement authorities resulting in 44 dead, hundreds of injuries, and an estimated billion dollars worth of property damage.


1989 HURRICANE HUGO

Mission to XVIII Airborne Corps - "Deploy forces to the island of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands to restore law and order and preserve public and private property in the aftermath of Hurricane Hugo" Task Force Hawkeye consisted of XVIII Airborne Assault Command Post, elements of 1st Corps Support COSCOM, PSYOPS assets, counter-intelligence assets, aviation assets (3 OH-58's), HQS 16th MP Brigade, HQS 720th MP Battalion, 411th MP Company, 258th MP Company, and the 463rd MP Company.

Operation Hawkeye conducted on the island of St. Croix, US Virgin Islands - 20 September 1989 to 22

November 1989

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DEFINITION OF CIVIL DISTURBANCE

“Group acts of violence and disorder prejudicial to public law and order within the 50 states, District of Columbia, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, U.S. possessions and territories, or any political subdivision thereof; includes all domestic conditions requiring the use of federal armed forces pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 15 of Title 10, United States Code.”

DOD Civil Disturbance Plan “Garden Plot”

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LOCAL AND STATE LAW ENFORCEMENT OVERWHELMED

Rioting

Violent Protests or Demonstrations

Illegal Assembly


RESPONSIBILITIES

• Local and County - commit law enforcement assets to gain control, disperse disobedient crowds, and restore law and order; ask for state assistance as needed

• State - respond with state law enforcement assets and activate National Guard forces, as needed, to assist local and county law enforcement; request Federal assistance as needed

• Federal - respond with federal law enforcement assets; advise the President

• DOD - Respond to Presidential Executive Order with appropriate DOD assets to assist in the restoration of law and order

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Department of Justice Leads

Civilian Federal Law Enforcement Primary

Federal Military Forces Support

FEDERAL ASSISTANCE FOR CIVIL DISTURBANCES

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Posse Comitatus Act

(Section 1385 of Title 18, United States Code)

Insurrection Act

(Sections 331-334 of Title 10, United States Code)

LEGAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CIVIL DISTURBANCES

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DOD Directive 3025.12 - February 4, 1994

Military Assistance for Civil Disturbances (MACDIS)

Provides DOD policy for military assistance during civil disturbances

Names Secretary of the Army as DOD Executive Agent

Assigns CJCS and CINC planning and execution authority

Assigns Service coordination, planning, and support roles

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Garden Plot Applicability

DoD Plan applies to:

Unified Commands

Military Services

DoD Agencies

DoD Components

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Domestic Plan Quick Reaction Force Federal law enforcement has the lead DOJ to provide policy guidance Civil Defense Conditions Rules of Engagement Military forces under military C2

Operations controlled by JTF Headquarters

CIVIL DISTURBANCE PLAN (GARDEN PLOT)

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POTENTIAL TASKS

Restore Law and Order

Disperse Crowds

Employ Riot Control Agents

Establish Traffic Control Points

Cordon Off Areas

Serve as Security or Quick Reaction Force

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Garden Plot Force Requirements Force Requirements:

JTF-250: Quick Reaction Force (QRF) HQ from III or XVIII Corps 3 Infantry Battalions with Support Elements

JTF-MDW: Headquarters 3 Infantry Battalions with Support Elements 2 MP Battalions 1 Marine Battalion 1 Infantry Battalion within MDW 1 Marine Company within MDW

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CIVIL DISTURBANCE CONDITIONS

DOMS Declares Condition

CIDCON Five: Normal PreparednessFour: Increased Monitoring/AnalysisThree: Increased PreparednessTwo: Deployment of Forces PossibleOne: Deployment Order


ROE RESPONSIBILITIES

CJCS - Establishes SROE and delegates ROE for specific operation to Supported CINC

Supported CINC - Sets ROE for specific operation and holds unit commanders responsible for training, implementation, and control

Unit Commanders - Train and implement ROE

Individual - Every individual is responsible for knowing ROE and taking appropriate action


FUNCTIONAL RULES FOR ROE

Hostility Criteria

Scale of Force/Challenging Procedure

Protection of Property and Foreign Nationals

Weapons Control Status/Alert Conditions

Arming Orders


RULES OF ENGAGEMENT

Found in DOD Civil Disturbance Plan and CDRFORSCOM Civil Disturbance Plan

Restrictive And Detailed

Application Of Force

Troop Orientation

GARDEN PLOT

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PROBABLE BUILD-UP SCENARIO

Local and State police unable to maintain order National Guard placed on State Active Duty

(Active component resources may be loaned to the National Guard for use during MACDIS operations [10 USC 372-4])

Support requested from Federal law enforcement agencies

Request for active Federal military forces

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DECISION SEQUENCE

RequestsTaskingCoordination

President

USJFCOMUSJFCOM

Director of Director of Military SupportMilitary Support

AttorneyAttorneyGeneralGeneral

CJCSCJCSJSJS

Executive AgentExecutive Agent(SecArmy)(SecArmy)

JTF-250/MDWJTF-250/MDW

FORSCOMFORSCOM

Presidential Directive or

ExecutiveOrder

Senior Civilian Senior Civilian Representative of the AGRepresentative of the AG

GovernorGovernor

SecDefSecDef

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USJFCOM CIVIL DISTURBANCE PLAN2502-97

COMFORSCOM organizes, trains and maintains one Division Ready Brigade per CONUS Army CorpsIII CorpsXVIII Corps

DRB serves as CONUS Quick Reaction ForceAlert StatusTrained & Equipped

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CORPS TASKS

Nominate Commander CDTF = BG/MG Establish CDTF Headquarters Maintain Quick Reaction Force (Brigade)

Personnel Strength (Min - 1,210, Max - 2,150)Conduct Annual Training24 Hour Alert Status

Maintain 1500 Sets Riot Control Equipment

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EXECUTION Deployment

Responsibility of supported CINCUSCINCTRANS is ‘master coordinator’Supported CINC prioritizes unit movement

EmploymentJTF Commander controls operationsCINC resources / directsExecutive Agent directsOperations defined by / in support of DOJ

RedeploymentResponsibility of supported CINC

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PRELIMINARY ACTIONS

Alert Order

Increase in CIDCON

Designation of JTF Commander

Designation of forces

JTF Commander reconnaissance

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CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONSHIP

Coordination

MissionGuidance

Command

OperationalControl

Senior Civilian Representative of

the Attorney General

Senior Civilian Representative of

the Attorney General

Attorney GeneralAttorney General

Commander in ChiefU.S. JF Command

Commander in ChiefU.S. JF Command

JTF-MDWJTF-MDW

CommanderForces

Command

CommanderForces

Command

Secretary of DefenseSecretary of Army

Secretary of DefenseSecretary of Army

FBIFBI

CJCSCJCS

CORPS Commander

CORPS Commander

JTF-250JTF-250

Director OfMilitary Support

Director OfMilitary Support

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SUMMARY

Legal Requirements and Restrictions Established Specific Forces On Alert Key Considerations Identified

Integration with local/state/federal law enforcement

Rules of Engagement Force Protection

DCO/EPLO Involvement Probable

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QUESTIONS?

military assistance for civil disturbances 1 3/30/00 (macdis)

Documents

military assistance

federal assistance

civil disorder

state assistance

order slide

civil disturbances watts

military forces

federal law enforcement