mind map minor
TRANSCRIPT
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intro
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Hi FRIENDS !! Today we will learnabout naming of alkenes and its
physical properties..LETS BEGIN OUR JOURNEY!!
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intro
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Hi!!!!Do you all
know me??
I amPOLYSTREN
E
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Iripeningthe fruit
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WE ARE FROM
ALKENEGROUP
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Alkene is classified as unsaturatedhydrocarbon
Contain at least one carbon carbon
double bond General formula, C nH2n (n=1,2,3,.)
For example, C 2H4 - ethylene
About ALKENE
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WHAT is MY NAME???There are a lot of my name that you can identify.
Interesting right? Well, lets see the steps that youshould use to give my name
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
http://step%201-naming%20alkene.docx/http://step%202-naming%20alkene.docx/http://step%202-naming%20alkene.docx/http://step%203-naming%20alkenes.docx/http://step%203-naming%20alkenes.docx/http://step%202-naming%20alkene.docx/http://step%202-naming%20alkene.docx/http://step%201-naming%20alkene.docx/ -
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http://advanced%20level%20chemistry%20random%20%27type%20in%20name%27%20nomenclature%20quiz%20on%20alkenes.htm/ -
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Now, letslearn some
alkeneproperties
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Compound alkene Physical stateC C Gases
C - C Liquids
C and above Solids
a) Physical stateAt room temperature (25C)
and atmospheric pressure
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SOLUBILITYInsoluble in water,
But soluble innonpolar solvent
due to the
electron-attracting sp 2
carbon.
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POLARITY
Chemical structure andfunctional group can
affect the polarity of alkenes compounds
The sp C is moreelectron withdrawing
than sp hybridzedorbital
Thus, it creates aweak dipole along
the substituentweak alkenly carbon
bond
Two individual dipolestogether form a net
molecular dipole
Trans the dipolecancel out
cis - cannot cancel out. Thus,has net dipole and has higher
boiling point than trans
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Boiling points of alkenesdepends on more
molecular mass (chainlength).
0o0oThe moreintermolecular mass isadded, the higher the
boiling point.
Hmm, giraffe Did you know why theboiling point increased
with increasing molecularmass?
Intermolecular forces of alkenes gets stronger withincrease in the size of the
molecules.
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But, how about thealkenes that have same
molecular mass but differin their structure?
O0o0To predict relative boilingpoints, we should look fordifferences in (1) hydrogen
bonding, (2) molecular weightand surface area and (3) dipole
moments..
For that compounds, weshould looks it surface
area. the more branchedalkenes, the more lower
its boiling points.
One things we should considerin determine the boiling points
of the compounds is itshydrogen bond. If it has
hydrogen bond, then it has thehighest boiling points. Same
goes with dipole moments.
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Compound Boiling points ( oC)Ethene -104
Propene -47Trans-2-Butene 0.9Cis-2-butene 3.7Cis 1,2-dichlorobutene 152Trans 1,2-
dichlorobutene
155
1-Pentene 30
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How about meltingpoint?
1. Melting points of alkenesdepends on the packagingof the molecules.
2. Alkenes have similarmelting points to that of alkanes,
3. However, in cis isomersmolecules are package ina U-bending shape,therefore, will display alower melting points tothat of the trans isomers.
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Lets See Some
ExampleCompound Melting Points ( 0C)Ethene -169
Propene -185Butene -1381-Pentene -165
Trans-2-Pentene -135
Cis-2-Pentene -180
1-Heptene -119
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Among of the followingsolvent, which solvent willmake alkenes dissolve?
a) HClb) water
c) CCl d) HSO
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1. What is the physical state of butene at room condition?
2. Did 2,3-dimethylhexenedissolves in water? Why?3. Why the boiling points of
octene is differ from butene?
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O0o0
We are LOST!!!
we need to do
some activity to goaway from here..Can you
help us??
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Do you want to continue??
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activity
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TRUE or FALSE??
Somebody help meplease
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1. Alkenes do not have functional group
2. Alkenes consist of carbon-carbondouble bond
3. The general formula for alkene is
CnH2n4. In naming the IUPAC name for
alkenes,1 st step is list the number of substituents according to theirposition in carbon chain
5. In alkenes, there is E-Z system
F
T
T
F
T
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6.
(E)-2-hydroxymethyl-2-butenoic acid
7. Branched alkenes provided lower boilingpoint compared to straight chain alkenes8. Alkenes is polar molecule9. Alkenes soluble in water10. Alkenes provide higher polarity than
alkanes11. Alkenes is less reactive than alkanes
HC COOH
C = CH CHOH f
f f
t
f
t
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activity
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CH2CH3
CH2CH3
Br
1,4-hexadiene
5-bromo-3-sec-butyl-1-pentene
CH2
CH3CH CHCH2CH CH2 4-bromo-1-ethylcyclo
hexene
CH3
Br CH2CH2CHCHCH2CH3
CH CH2
2,3-dimethyl-2-butene
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CH2CH
CH3
CH3CHCH2
HC = CH CH3
CH3 CH2CHCH2CH = C CH2CH3
CH3 CH3
H
CH3
CH3
CH3
2-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1,5-dimethylcyclopentene
cis-5-methyl-2-hexene
trans-5,7-dimethyl-3-nonene
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activity
A h f i
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Arrange the correct steps of namingan alkene
d) Name the parent hydrocarbon by locating the longest carbonchain that contains the double bond and name it according to thenumber of carbons with the suffix -ene.
c) Number the carbons of the parent chain so the doublebond carbons have the lowest possible numbers.
a) If the double bond is equidistant from each end, number so thefirst substituent has the lowest number
b) Write out the full name, numbering the substituents according to their
position in the chain and list them in alphabetical order.
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AnswerD, C, A, B
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Arrange the following alkenes withincreasing boiling points and explainwhy.
2-methylpentene, 1-hexene,2,3-dimetylbutene
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ANSWER2,3-dimetylbutene < 2-methylpentene
< 1-hexene
To predict relative boiling points, we should look for differences
in (1) hydrogen bonding, (2) molecular weight and surfacearea and (3) dipole moments.All of the compounds have same molecular mass and do not
have hydrogen bonds. So, we look into its surface area.Because 2,3-dimetylbutene is most branched than others,thus it has the lowest boiling points.
Between 2-methylpentene and 1-hexene, 1-hexene is notbranched, therefore it has the highest boiling point amongothers.
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WELL DONE SON.
YOU DID IT !!NOW YOU CAN
GO HOME..
YEYY!!!THANK YOU OLD
MAN..
NOW WE CANMEET MY FAMILY
AGAIN..THANKSFRIENDS
FORHELPING
US
AT LAST,,WEUNDERSTAND ONHOW NAMING OFALKENE AND ITS
PROPERTIES..
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Good bye friends!!!
I hope you all understandbetter about naming of
alkenes and its properties..
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REVISION Steps of naming an alkene Physical properties
1. Appearances
2. Density3. Solubility4. Polarity
5. Boiling Point6. Melting Point
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