mineral potential and on-going activity in fennoscandia · mineral potential and on-going activity...
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Mineral potential and on-going activity in Fennoscandia
Pekka A. Nurmi, PhD, Prof. Director, Science and Innovations Geological Survey of Finland with contributions by
Pasi Eilu, Kaj Lax, Henrik Schiellerup
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The Nordic Countries Offer Great Opportunities on Top of Europe
• Norway, Sweden and Finland are located in an ancient shield area, similar to Canadian and Australian shields
• Active major mines • Fennsocandian Shield is yet
under-explored • Potential for many commodities: base metals, ferrous metals,
gold, platinum metals, high-tech metals (In, Li, Nb,
REE, Sb, Ta, Te,...), industrial minerals, diamonds, …
Major deposits in Fennoscandian Shield
Current Exploration Interests in Fennoscandia
Au,Ni,REE
Au, Co,PGE
Ni,Au
Au,Cu,Grf
Au,Cu,Ni,Zn
Au,Li,Ni,Zn
Au
Au,Cu,PGE
Cu,Au,Ni,PGE
Cu,Zn,Au
Ti
Cu,Zn,Au,Be
REE,Nb,Cu,F,P
Cu,Zn,Au
Cu, Au,REE,Grf Cu,Au
Cu,Zn,Pb
REE
GTK 2016 4
Why to Explore in the Nordic Countries?
• Significant potential for new discoveries • Excellent geodata and infrastructure • Long mining tradition, know-how and services • Strict but clear mining and environmental legislation • Moderate exploration costs • Favorable and secure investment environment • Low corporate tax • Downsream industry and proximity to major markets
Mines & Projects
Resource Company
Tellnes 100 Mt TiO2 (ilmenite) Titania
Ørtfjell 200 Mt Fe Rana Gruber
Skaland 600 kt C (flake) Skaland Graphite
Nussir 700 kt Cu, Ag, Au Nussir ASA
Engebø 6 Mt TiO2 (rutile) Nordic Mining
NORWAY Major mines and exploration highlights
Tellnes TiO2
Plus numerous mines in carbonates, silica, olivine, and nepheline syenite
Ørtfjell Fe
Engebø TiO2
Nussir Cu
Skaland graphite
Nussir – the largest copper deposit found in Norway
Nussir: JORC compliant 66 Mt @1.16 % Cu, 0.13 g/t Au, 18.4 g/t Ag Ulveryggen: JORC compliant 7.7 Mt @ 0.81 % Cu Granted permit to deposit tailings into the local fjord
Engebøfjellet rutile/eclogite deposit
154 Mt @ 3.8 % TiO2
Sweden Major mines
Mine Resource Company Kiruna 455 Mt Fe LKAB Malmberget 240 Mt Fe LKAB Aitik 5.7 Mt Cu, 11 Moz Au, 95 Moz Ag Boliden Garpenberg 3.8 Mt Zn, 1.7 Mt Pb, 60 kt Cu, 1.2
Moz Au, 403 Moz Ag Boliden
Zinkgruvan 2.2 Mt Zn, 0.9 Mt Pb, 0.2 Mt Cu, 72.5 Moz Ag
Lundin Mining
Kristineberg 0.9 Mt Zn, 31.5 Moz Ag, 0.1 Mt Cu, 0.3 Moz Au, 75 kt Pb
Boliden
Renström 0.5 Mt Zn, 41 kt Cu, 100 kt Pb, 0.6 Moz Au, 31 Moz Ag
Boliden
Kankberg 0.6 Moz Au, 1.6 kt Te Boliden Björkdal 0.7 Moz Au Mandalay Gruvberget 21 Mt Fe LKAB Maurliden 58 kt Zn, 7 kt Cu, 5 kt Pb, 74 koz Au,
0.26 Moz Au Boliden
Kiruna
Malmberget
Garpenberg
Zinkgruvan
Aitik
Lovisa
Björkdal Maurliden
Gruvberget
Kankberg
Kristineberg Renström
Exploration highlights Sweden
Project Resource Company
Laver 2.3 Mt Cu, 3.9 Moz Au, 106 Moz Ag Boliden Norra Kärr 190 kt REO, Pre-Feasibility Study Tasman Metals
Viscaria 609 kt Cu; Open at depth; Scoping Study; Exploitation Permits
Avalon Minerals
Fäboliden 743 koz Au; Exploitation Permit Dragon Mining
Nautanen 227 kt Cu, 329 koz Au, 2.6 Moz Ag
Boliden
Storuman 2.8 Mt Fluorite; Exploitation Permit Tertiary Minerals
Leveäniemi 145 Mt Fe; Exploitation Permit LKAB
Mertainen 136 Mt Fe; Exploitation Permit LKAB
Kallak 41 Mt Fe Beowulf
Vindel-gransele
145 koz Au Botnia Exploration
Norra Kärr
Fäboliden
Storuman Vindelgransele
Laver
Mertainen Leveäniemi
Viscaria
Nautanen Kallak
Source: Boliden.com
Porphyry Style Deposit
Grid: 500 m
Measured Resource: 1.1 Mt at 0.20% Cu, 0.11 g/t Au, 18 g/t Mo Indicated Resource: 512.4 Mt at 0.22% Cu, 0.13 g/t Au 36 g/t Mo Inferred Resource: 550.6 Mt at 0.21% Cu, 0,10 g/t Au, 33 g/t Mo
Laver
GTK 2016 11
High proportion of heavy REE
Source: Tasman Metals
500 m
Norra Kärr Probable mineral reserve: 23.6 Mt at 0.592 % REO
Mine Resource Company
Kittilä Mine 7.8 Moz Au Agnico-Eagle
Kevitsa 765 kt Ni, 1 Mt Cu First Quantum
Kemi 42 Mt Cr2O3 Outokumpu
Talvivaara 4.5 Mt Ni, 10 Mt Zn Terrafame
Pyhäsalmi 100 kt Cu, 280 kt Zn First Quantum
Siilinjärvi 61.5 Mt P2O5 Yara
Kylylahti 67 kt Cu, 170 koz Au Boliden
Finland Major mines
Siilinjärvi P
Kemi Cr
Pyhäsalmi Cu-Zn
Kittilä Au
Talvivaara Ni
Kylylahti Cu,Zn
Kevitsa Ni
Finland Exploration highlights
Project Resource Company
Kittila New lode 650 koz Au; Deposit open at 1.9 km depth
Agnico-Eagle
Sakatti Included in the 2016 core portfolio of the company
Anglo American
Suhanko 9.5 Moz Pd, 2.4 Moz Pt Gold Fields
Rompas–Palokas
6 m @ 617 g/t Au; 9.0 m @ 10.2 g/t Au
Mawson Resources
Sotkamo Ag 11 Moz Ag in reserves Sotkamo Silver
Kaustinen 114 kt Li2O Keliber
Hammas-lahti
5.6 m @ 3.2 % Cu; 3.5 m @ 11.5 % Cu
FinnAust Mining
Rompas Au
Kaustinen Li Sotkamo Ag
Kittila Au extensions
Hammaslahti Cu,Zn
Suhanko Pd
Sakatti Ni,Cu
Sakatti Included in the core portfolio of the company as one of the "long term growth projects" (AngloAmerican media release 16 Feb 2016)
• Discovery 2009
• 134 holes drilled
• >1500 long Cu-Ni-PGE deposit
• High grade
• Mafic-ultramafic host
Source: AngloAmerican
0.20 % Cu cut-off envelope
Rompas–Palokas
Source: Mawson Resources 500 m
25 m
• Discovery 2012
• 5 km long mineralised trend
• 77 short holes, total 2700 m
• 6 loger holes, total 1300 m
• Ongoing drilling: geochem, IP, condictivity targets
The Finnish Network for Sustainable Mining • Founded in 2014, as the forum for dialogue and
cooperation between the mining industry and its key stakeholders (NGOs, reindeer herders, landowners, labour unions and mining companies)
• Active and constructive cooperation
• Creates: tools, indicators, management and evaluation systems
• Toolbox for local actions for mining and mineral exploration companies
• Finnish TSM (Towards Sustainable Mining) sustainability standard for mining
• Standard for mineral explaration under preparation The Finnish mining industry and its key stakeholders gathered in May 2014 at the Tytyri mine in Lohja to discuss initial plans to establish the Finnish Network for Sustainable Mining.
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