MINERALS ARE SOURCES OF METALS FOR CARS AND AIRPLANES QUARTZ AND FELDSPAR FOR GLASS Minerals are valuable Fluorite and calcite for toothpaste Silver compounds for film Mica and talc for paint Minerals are valuable Minerals develop when atoms of one or more elements join and then the crystals begin to grow. Temperature and pressure affect how a mineral grows. Minerals are valuable Water has many substances dissolved in it and minerals can grow when evaporation takes place. Minerals are valuable An example of a mineral formed with evaporation is the mineral halite Minerals are valuable As hot water moves it can dissolve minerals. When the hot water cools again those minerals can turn into a solid. A good example would be the mineral gold. Minerals are valuable Minerals are also found in magma as it cools. Quartz is one of the many minerals that crystallize from magma and lava. Heat and pressure can cause minerals to form such as graphite. Minerals are valuable Organisms can produce minerals. An example would be oysters and clams produce calcite and other carbonate minerals to form their shells. Minerals are valuable For minerals to be used the must be removed from the ground. Many minerals are found underground to find these minerals they must be mined. Rocks that contain enough minerals to be mined for profit are called ores. Minerals are valuable Minerals at or near the earths surface are recovered by surface mining. Minerals like these can build up along riverbeds. In a method called panning a miner washes away minerals that are less dense. Minerals are valuable In another method called strip mining, machines such as excavators strip away plants, soil, and unwanted rock from the earths surface and a machine digs out the ore. Minerals are valuable Open pit mining is the last type of mining where they remove the top layer of soil and then use explosives to recover the ore. Minerals are valuable Another type of mining is deep mining where miners dig deep to reach the ore through tunnels that are dug underground.