DEDICATION

I dedicate my thesis work to my family and many friends. A special

Feeling of gratitude to my loving parents, whose words of encouragement

And push for tenacity ring in my ears

I also dedicate this dissertation to my many friends and the Electrical Engineering Department

family who have supported me throughout the process.

I will always appreciate all they have done.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I thank Almighty God for giving me the courage and the determination, as well as guidance

in conducting this thesis, despite all difficulties.

I also extend my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Imad Ibrik. You were so wonderful

to me. You made me believe that I had so much strength and courage to preserve even when

I felt lost. You showed me light in a tunnel where everything was dark. You were very

tolerant and determined to see me through. You were such a wonderful motivator even when

the coping seemed tough for me. I aspire to emulate you.

Finally, I thank all those who assisted, encouraged and supported me during this research, be

assured that the lord will bless you all for the contributions you made.

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DISCLAIMER

This report was written by student at the Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of

Engineering, An-Najah National University. It has not been altered or corrected. Other than

editorial corrections, as a result of assessment and it may contain language as well as content

errors. The views expressed in it together with any outcomes and recommendations are solely

those of the students. An-Najah National University accepts no responsibility or liability for the

consequences of this report being used for a purpose other than the purpose for which it was

commissioned.

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Table of Contents (TOC)

Chapter 1: Introduction ………………….....................................................................8

Chapter 2: Standards………………………………………………………………… 11

Chapter 3: Literature Review ......................................................................................12

Chapter 4: Methodology..............................................................................................14

Chapter 5:Results and Analysis………………………………………………………24

Chapter6: Conclusion and Recommendation…………………………………………31

References:………………………………………….………………………………..32

Appendix:…………………………………………………………………………….33

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List of Figures (LOF):

Figure 1 14Figure 2 15Figure 3 15Figure 4 16Figure 5 16Figure 6 18Figure 7 18Figure 8 20Figure 9 21Figure 10 21Figure 11 22Figure 12 22Figure 13 23Figure 14 26Figure 15 27Figure 16 29

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List of Figures (LOF):

Table 1 25Table 2 27Table 3 28

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Abstract

Why do you think this project is important? Please explain the significance of this Project in brief.

Monitoring and performance analysis of solar PV plants have become extremely critical due

to the increasing cost of operation and maintenance as well as reducing yield due to

performance degradation during the life cycle of the plant equipment’s. This becomes

essential to ensure high performance, low downtime and fault detection in a solar PV power

plant. On-site weather data, production data from the panel strings, inverters and

transformers are required to be continuously collected for monitoring and analysis of

performance. Data acquisition from AC and DC control panels are further required for

operational monitoring and control of the plant and substation. A well designed monitoring

and analytics system assists in reducing the cost of operation and maintenance.

In your point of view what are the important aspects that should be covered in the project? Elements of PV/ Control of PV/ Monitoring of PV/Performance and Evaluation.

Objective(s): In your view, please explain the main objectives of the project. Real-time snapshot of plant status. Supervision and plant operation (alarms).

In-plant preventive and corrective maintenance tool.

Dashboards for easy visualization of data and communication with devices.

Methodology:  Give a brief outline of the application development process.We’ll design and build a system that monitor the operation of the PV-Power stations in terms

of the Array Voltage, Array Current, Array Power, Module Temperature, Ambient

Temperature, Global Irradiance, Global Irradiation. This system will also include an alarm,

which warns in any faulty case with any of the solar cells.

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Chapter 1:

Introduction

An automatic weather station (AWS) is an automated version of the traditional weather station,

either to save human labor or to enable measurements from remote areas. An AWS will typically

consist of a weather-proof enclosure containing the data logger, rechargeable battery, telemetry

(optional) and the meteorological sensors with an attached solar panel or wind turbine and

mounted upon a mast. The specific configuration may vary due to the purpose of the system. The

system may report in near real time via the Argos System and the Global Telecommunications

System, or save the data for later recovery. In the past, automatic weather stations were often

placed where electricity and communication lines were available. Nowadays, the solar panel,

wind turbine and mobile phone technology have made it possible to have wireless stations that

are not connected to the electrical grid or telecommunications network.

Sensors

Most automatic weather stations have:

Thermometer for measuring temperature.

Anemometer for measuring wind speed.

Wind vane for measuring wind direction.

Hygrometer for measuring humidity.

Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure.

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Some stations can also have:

Ceilometer for measuring cloud height.

Present weather sensor and/or visibility sensor.

Rain gauge for measuring liquid-equivalent precipitation.

Ultrasonic snow depth sensor for measuring depth of snow.

Pyranometer for measuring solar radiation.

Data-logger:

The data-logger is the heart of the Automatic Weather Station.

The main function of a data-logger are:

Measures: the data-logger collects the information of each sensors and archive it.

Calculation: the data-logger processes most of the meteorological data for the users (avg,

min, max...).

Data storage: the data-logger saves all the data either on it own memory or on uSD

memory card.

Power supply: the data-logger manages the power supply of the Automatic Weather

Station such as solar panel.

Communication: the data-logger does manage the communication protocols with the

remote server. The different communication protocols are usually GSM, GPRS, RTC,

WIFI, uSD, and RS232.

Power Supply

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The main power source for an automatic weather station depends on its usage. Many stations

with lower power equipment usually use one or more solar panels connected in parallel with a

regulator and one or more rechargeable batteries. As a rule of thumb, solar output is at its

optimum for only 5 hours each day. As such, mounting angle and position are vital. In the

Northern Hemisphere, the solar panel would be mounted facing south and vice versa for the

Southern Hemisphere. The output from the solar panels may be supplemented by a wind turbine

to provide power during periods of poor sunlight, or by direct connection to the local electrical

grid.

The Problem we have is accessing the data, as we have different weather stations distributed in

different places around the west bank, accessing data became a problem as we always need to

visit each location separately to get the data. Which takes a lot of time as well as cost of

transportation to access to each location. So we proposed to build a device which will allow us to

transfare data wireless from each location to a control and monitoring room in two different

ways one buy uploading the measurements on a website that can be accessed from anywhere

and the other way is transfaring data via text messages to the responsible person only and he will

have the ability to control some applications by sending text messages.

Chapter 2: Constrains, standards / codes and earlier course work

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Photovoltaic Standards – PV Systems

In this category various standards regulating modes of photovoltaic system functioning

supervision or standards advising planning and implementation of such systems can be found.

The category includes safety regulations, which have to be considered upon photovoltaic systems

implementation.

IEC 60364-7-712 Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-712: Requirements for special installations or locations - Solar photovoltaic (PV) power supply systems.

IEC 61727 Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Characteristics of the utility interface.

IEC 61683 Photovoltaic systems - Power conditioners - Procedure for measuring efficiency.

IEC 62093 Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic systems - Design qualification natural environments.

IEC 62116 Test procedure of islanding prevention measures for utility-interconnected photovoltaic inverters.

IEC 62446 Grid connected photovoltaic systems - Minimum requirements for system documentation, commissioning tests and inspection.

Chapter 3: Literature Review

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What is Arduino:

Arduino is a tool for making computers that can sense and control more of the physical world

than your desktop computer. It's an open-source physical computing platform based on a simple

microcontroller board, and a development environment for writing software for the board.

Arduino can be used to develop interactive objects, taking inputs from a variety of switches or

sensors, and controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical outputs. Arduino projects

can be stand-alone, or they can be communicate with software running on your computer (e.g.

Flash, Processing, MaxMSP.) The boards can be assembled by hand or purchased preassembled;

the open-source IDE can be downloaded for free.

The Arduino programming language is an implementation of Wiring, a similar physical

computing platform, which is based on the Processing multimedia programming environment.

Why Arduino?

There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical

computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handyboard, and many

others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller

programming and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of

working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested

amateurs over other systems:

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Inexpensive - Arduino boards are relatively inexpensive compared to other microcontroller platforms. The least expensive version of the Arduino module can be assembled by hand, and even the pre-assembled Arduino modules cost less than $50

Cross-platform - The Arduino software runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.

Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino programming environment is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with the look and feel of Arduino

Open source and extensible software- The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to.

Open source and extensible hardware - The Arduino is based on Atmel's ATMEGA8 and ATMEGA168 microcontrollers. The plans for the modules are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.

Chapter 4: Methodology

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We built a devise that transfer sensors measurements from Meteorology station to a monitoring

and control station where they analyze the measurements as well as have some control on these

stations. The data transfer was done in two methods as described below:

1.1 First Method:

In this method data is transferred by internet measurements of sensors are uploaded on a website

which is installed on the internet shield which is connected to internet which will allow users at

the monitoring and control stations have the ability to access these measurements via internet.

Equipment’s:

Arduino board such as the Arduino Uno.Arduino Ethernet shield.Ethernet cable, wired straight for connecting to your network router.A USB cable for powering and programming the Arduino.

Figure 1

The Arduino Ethernet Shield allows you to easily connect your Arduino to the internet. This

shield enables your Arduino to send and receive data from anywhere in the world with an

internet connection. You can use it to do fun stuff like control robots remotely from a website, or

ring a bell every time you get a new twitter message. This shield opens up endless amounts of

possibility by allowing you to connect your project to the internet in no-time flat.

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Step 1: Setup

Figure 2

Setting it up is as simple as plugging the header pins from the shield into your Arduino.

Step 2: Shield Features

Figure 3

The Ethernet Shield is based upon the W51000 chip, which has an internal 16K buffer. It has a

connection speed of up to 10/100Mb. This is not the fastest connection around, but is also

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nothing to turn your nose up at.

It relies on the Arduino Ethernet library, which comes bundled with the development

environment.

There is also an on-board micro SD slot which enables you to store a heck-of-a-lot of data, and

serve up entire websites using just your Arduino. This requires the use of an external SD library.

Step 3: Get started

Figure 4

Figure 5

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First of all, let’s do something quick and easy to check that all is functional. Open the Arduino

IDE and select File > Examples > Ethernet > Webserver. This loads a simple sketch which will

display data gathered from the analogue inputs on a web browser

You need to specify the IP address of the ethernet shield – which is done inside the sketch

IPAddress ip(192,168,1, 177);

You also have the opportunity to change your MAC address. Each piece of networking

equipment has a unique serial number to identify itself over a network, and this is normall hard-

programmed into the equipments’ firmware. However with Arduino we can define the MAC

address ourselves. If you are running more than one ethernet shield on your network, ensure they

have different MAC addresses by altering the hexadecimal values in the line:

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };

However if you only have one shield just leave it be. There may be the very, very, statistically

rare chance of having a MAC address the same as your existing hardware, so that would be

another time to change it. Once you have made your alterations, save and upload the sketch to

your Arduino or compatible board.

Now, connect the shield to your router or hub with an RJ45 cable, and the Arduino board to the

power via USB or external power supply. Then return to your computer, and using your web

browser, enter your Ethernet shield’s IP address into the URL bar. The web browser will query

the Ethernet shield, which will return the values from the analogue ports on the Arduino board,

as such:

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Figure 6

As there isn’t anything plugged into the analog inputs, their value will change constantly. Neat –

your Arduino is now serving data over a network

1.2 Second Method:

The device should read data from sensors and send it as text messages to the responsible person

phone number which will keep him updated with the status of the station. This person will

receive a text message with the measurements of the connected sensors each 15 minutes as well

as in some cases which is considered the peak that sensors can take “Emergency text messages”.

Also the text messages receiver will also have the ability to send text messages back to the

microcontroller in order to have some control on these sensors by putting them either off or on.

In fire cases the device is programmed to send text messages to the Fire Station requesting

immediate help.

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Equipment’s:

Arduino board such as the Arduino Uno.Arduino GSM Shield.A USB cable for powering and programming the Arduino.

Figure 7

The Arduino GSM shield allows an Arduino board to connect to the internet, send and receive

SMS, and make voice calls using the GSM library. The shield will work with the Arduino Uno

out of the box.

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Connecting the Shield

To use the shield, you'll need to insert a SIM card into the holder. Slide the metal bracket away

from the edge of the shield and lift the cradle up.

Figure 8

Insert the SIM in the plastic holder so the metal contacts are facing the shield, with the notch of

the card at the top of the bracket.

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Figure 9

Slide the SIM all the way into the bracket

Figure 10

Push the SIM to the board and slide the metal bracket towards the edge of the shield to lock it in

place.

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Figure 11

Once the SIM is inserted, mount it on top of an Arduino board.

Figure 12

To upload sketches to the board, connect it to your computer with a USB cable and upload your

sketch with the Arduino IDE. Once the sketch has been uploaded, you can disconnect the board

from your computer and power it with an external power supply.

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Figure 13

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Chapter 5: Results and Analysis

Transferred data will be treated in the monitoring and control station. The measurements which

were taken: Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Solar Radiation and Temperature.

5.1 Wind Energy

In recent years, wind energy has become one of the most economical renewable energy technol-ogy. Today, electricity generating wind turbines employ proven and tested technology, and pro-vide a secure and sustainable energy supply. At good, windy sites,wind energy can already successfully compete with conventional energy production. Many coun-tries have considerable wind resources, which are still untapped.

A technology which offers remarkable advantages is not used to its full potential:

Wind energy produces no greenhouse gases.

Wind power plants can make a significant contribution to the regional electricity supply and to power supply diversifica-tion.

A very short lead time for planning and construction is required as compared to conventional power projects.

Wind energy projects are flexible with re-gard to an increasing energy demand - single turbines can easily be added to an existing park.

Finally, wind energy projects can make use of local resources in terms of labour, capital and materials.

The technological development of recent years, bringing more efficient and more reliable wind turbines, is making wind power more cost-effective. In general, the specific energy costs per an-nual kWh decrease with the size of the turbine notwithstanding existing supply difficulties.

Wind Turbine:

Wind speed measurements was taken and applied on two types of wind turbines.

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100 KW Wind Turbine.

1 MW Wind Turbine.

The following equation was used to calculate the output power:

5.1.1 For 100 KW Wind Turbine:

We have = 1.23

Power Coefficient = 0.75

Area = 415.265 m^2

Area was calculated by using the following equation: assuming the diameter equal

21 m so r will be 11.5 m.

Month Wind Speed (m/s)

Power Generated (KW)

Jan 4.74 20.39842955Feb 3.66 9.390851308Mar 4.16 13.78928348Apr 3.38 7.396253857May 4.42 16.53973382Jun 5.26 27.87526087Jul 5.48 31.52124651Aug 4.94 23.09099008Sep 4.57 18.28143607Oct 3.82 10.67706279Nov 2.86 4.480843825Dec 3.76 10.18181596

Table 1

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

50

100

150

200

250

Relation of Output power to Wind Speed for 100KW Wind Turbine

Wind Speed (m/s) Power Generated (KW)

Figure 14

5.1.2 For 1 MW Wind Turbine:

We have = 1.23

Power Coefficient = 0.75

Area = 2826 m^2

Area was calculated by using the following equation: assuming the diameter equal

60 m so r will be 30 m.

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Month Wind Speed (m/s)

Power Generated (KW)

Jan 4.74 138.81729Feb 3.66 63.90749473Mar 4.16 93.8401144Apr 3.38 50.33367464May 4.42 112.5577349Jun 5.26 189.6993178Jul 5.48 214.5113184Aug 4.94 157.1409533Sep 4.57 124.410529Oct 3.82 72.66054072Nov 2.86 30.49345514Dec 3.76 69.29024094

Table 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120

50

100

150

200

250

Relation of Output power to Wind Speed for 1MW Wind Turbine

Wind Speed (m/s) Power Generated (KW)

Figure 15

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5.2 Solar Energy

On Grid System

Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems are power systems energized by photovoltaic

panels which are connected to the utility grid. Grid-connected photovoltaic power systems

consist of Photovoltaic panels, MPPT, solar inverters, power conditioning units and grid

connection equipment. Unlike Stand-alone photovoltaic power systems these systems seldom

have batteries. When conditions are right, the grid-connected PV system supplies the excess

power, beyond consumption by the connected load, to the utility grid.

Radiation Measurements

Month E KWh/m^2-dayJan 2.82Feb 3.58Mar 4.82Apr 6.36May 7.68Jun 8.19Jul 7.75Aug 6.7Sep 5.83Oct 3.99Nov 3.99Dec 2.724

Table 3

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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

E KWh/m^2-day

Figure 16

Assuming we need to cover a load of 10000KWH

Epv = Penetration Factor * E load

= 0.2 * 10000KWh

Epv = 2000KWh

Ppv= Epv/ (P.S.H * Efficiency %)

= 2000/ (5.4*0.95)

Ppv =390 KW

Number of modules = Ppv/ Ppeak

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Taking P peak in two cases:

P peak = 150W -12 v- Mono type.

P peak= 200w – 24 v – Poly type.

For Mono type Number of modules needed = 390KW/150W = 2600 Modules

Taking Vdc = 400 V

Number of modules in one string = 400V/ 12V =34 Module

Number of strings = 2600/33.33= 78 String

For Poly type Number of modules needed = 390KW/200W = 1950 Modules

Taking Vdc = 400 V

Number of modules in one string = 400V/ 24V =17 Module

Number of strings = 1950/16.67= 117 String

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Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendation

To sum up, the main concern of our project is to design an intelligent system which can send the

measurements of sensors from the Meteorology stations to monitoring and control stations also

in case of unexpected situations (such as fire detection) via Text message or internet.

Additionally, the system Analyze the received data and show figures and calculations of the

output power when using wind turbine or solar cells. Also, the remote control option of our

system enables you to have some control on some of the applications in the Meteorology station

by turning them off and on.

Moreover, we achieved the goals we proposed. The system worked successfully. We tested our

system in real life conditions, at the Energy Research center at An-Najah National University.

We chose this method because we experienced that this method is simple in real relatively cheap

according to the usage of other kind of methods.

While working on our project we improved our programming skills as well as practical skills in

working in Meteorology stations. We gathered all the knowledge we have gained in Electrical

Circuits, Microcontrollers and Microprocessors, Controls and System, Renewable Energy,

Digital Communication and Measurements.

Our future plan is to have a direct interface between sensors and the microcontroller itself.

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References:

Websites: 1. http://arduino.cc/ 2. http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoGSMShield 3. http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield 4. http://www.kalkitech.com/ 5. http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/three-generations-of-scada-system-architectures 6. http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Ethernet 7. http://myrobotlab.net/tutorial-use-ethernet-shield-with-arduino/ 8. http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/an-introduction-to-scada-for-electrical-engineers-

beginners9. http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/three-generations-of-scada-system-architectures 10. http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Ethernet 11. http://www.instructables.com/id/Control-an-LED-over-the-internet-using-the-Arduino/ 12. http://www.intorobotics.com/getting-started-with-arduino-ethernet-shield-tutorials-and-

resources/13. http://simplyarduino.com/?page_id=5

Books:

1. Simply Arduino

2. Beginning Arduino for MICHAEL MCROBERTS

3. Getting Started with Arduino (Make: Projects) for MASSIMO BANZI

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Appendix

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Codes:

First Method: Via Internet Code

#include <SPI.h>

#include <Ethernet.h>

#include <SD.h>

// MAC address from Ethernet shield sticker under board

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };

IPAddress ip(192, 168, 1, 177); // IP address, may need to change depending on network

EthernetServer server(80); // create a server at port 80

File webFile;

void setup()

{

Ethernet.begin(mac, ip); // initialize Ethernet device

server.begin(); // start to listen for clients

Serial.begin(9600); // for debugging

// initialize SD card

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Serial.println("Initializing SD card...");

if (!SD.begin(4)) {

Serial.println("ERROR - SD card initialization failed!");

return; // init failed

}

Serial.println("SUCCESS - SD card initialized.");

// check for index.htm file

if (!SD.exists("index.htm")) {

Serial.println("ERROR - Can't find index.htm file!");

return; // can't find index file

}

Serial.println("SUCCESS - Found index.htm file.");

}

void loop()

{

EthernetClient client = server.available(); // try to get client

if (client) { // got client?

boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;

while (client.connected()) {

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if (client.available()) { // client data available to read

char c = client.read(); // read 1 byte (character) from client

// last line of client request is blank and ends with \n

// respond to client only after last line received

if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {

// send a standard http response header

client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");

client.println("Content-Type: text/html");

client.println("Connection: close");

client.println();

// send web page

webFile = SD.open("index.htm"); // open web page file

if (webFile) {

while(webFile.available()) {

client.write(webFile.read()); // send web page to client

}

webFile.close();

}

break;

}

// every line of text received from the client ends with \r\n

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if (c == '\n') {

// last character on line of received text

// starting new line with next character read

currentLineIsBlank = true;

}

else if (c != '\r') {

// a text character was received from client

currentLineIsBlank = false;

}

} // end if (client.available())

} // end while (client.connected())

delay(1); // give the web browser time to receive the data

client.stop(); // close the connection

} // end if (client)

}

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Second Method: Via Text Message code

#include <GSM.h>#define PINNUMBER ""GSM gsmAccess; // include a 'true' parameter for debug enabledGSM_SMS sms;char remoteNumber[20]= "0568388498";char senderNumber[20];

const int sensorT=A0;const int sensorR=A1;float temp;float rde;#include <LiquidCrystal.h>LiquidCrystal lcd(4,8,9,10,11,12);

void setup() { pinMode(6,OUTPUT); digitalWrite(6,HIGH); // put your setup code here, to run once: Serial.begin(9600); Serial.println("SMS Messages Sender"); Serial.println("SMS Messages Receiver");

boolean notConnected = true; while(notConnected) { if(gsmAccess.begin(PINNUMBER)==GSM_READY) notConnected = false; else { Serial.println("Not connected"); delay(1000); } } Serial.println("GSM initialized"); Serial.println("Waiting for messages");

lcd.begin(16,2);

}

void loop() { RSMS(); // put your main code here, to run repeatedly: temp=analogRead(sensorT);rde=analogRead(sensorR); delay(20000); sendSMS();

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for(int i=0;i<60;i++){temp=analogRead(sensorT);rde=analogRead(sensorR); LCD(); RSMS(); delay(1000);}

}

void sendSMS(){

Serial.print("Message to mobile number: "); Serial.println(remoteNumber);

// sms text Serial.println("SENDING"); Serial.println(); Serial.println("Message:"); Serial.println(temp); Serial.println(rde);delay(1000);

// send the message sms.beginSMS(remoteNumber); sms.print("temp is:"); sms.print(temp ); sms.print("\n"); sms.print("rde is:"); sms.print(rde); sms.endSMS(); Serial.println("\nCOMPLETE!\n"); delay(1000); } void LCD(){ lcd.setCursor(1,0); lcd.print("R:"); lcd.print(rde); lcd.print("G"); lcd.setCursor(1, 2); lcd.print("T:"); lcd.print(temp); lcd.print("C"); }void RSMS(){ char c;

// If there are any SMSs available() if (sms.available())

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{ Serial.println("Message received from:");

// Get remote number sms.remoteNumber(senderNumber, 20); Serial.println(senderNumber);

// An example of message disposal // Any messages starting with # should be discarded if (sms.peek() == '#') { Serial.println("Discarded SMS"); sms.flush(); }

// Read message bytes and print them c = sms.read(); Serial.print(c);if(c=='r'){ digitalWrite(6,LOW);}else if(c=='o'){ digitalWrite(6,HIGH);}

Serial.println("\nEND OF MESSAGE");

// Delete message from modem memory sms.flush(); Serial.println("MESSAGE DELETED"); }

delay(1000);

}

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