ministry of education junior primary phase ... - nied.edu.na · 3 mu ( ntambondunge 1 na 2) ano ru...

Republic of Namibia

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

JUNIOR PRIMARY PHASE

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES SYLLABUS

GRADE 1- 3

RUMANYO VERSION

FOR IMPLEMENTATION: 2015

Ministry of Education

National Institute for Educational Development (NIED)

Private Bag 2034

Okahandja

Namibia

© Copyright NIED, Ministry of Education, 2014

Environmental Studies Syllabus Grades 1 - 3

ISBN 978-99945-2-051-0

Printed by NIED

Website: http://www.nied.edu.na

Publication date: 2014

http://www.nied.edu.na/

LITWAROMO

1. Litwaromo ...................................................................................................................... 1

2. Mapukururo .................................................................................................................... 1

3. Vitambo .......................................................................................................................... 1

4. Umanguruki mumakushongo .......................................................................................... 2

5. Magwanikilito kuvirongwa peke na likukwamo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka. ...................... 3

6. Lishuwedo kushonga namakushongo............................................................................. 4

7. Manongontjo ghauhura ntambo ...................................................................................... 5

8. Liwapayiko nalikukwamo lyashure ntateko dogoro kuntambondunge ya 3 ..................... 7

9. Vikaramo vyakukushonga .............................................................................................15

10. Makonakono / Likengururo ........................................................................................44

1 NIED Syllabus: Environmental Studies Junior Primary Phase 2014

1. Litwaromo

Ndjenditito yino kuna kushingonona lirwameno lyalikushongo nalikungururotedo

lyalikushongo mukunda( Rumanyo version) muntambondunge 1 dogoro 3 dapantateko didi.

Mwamo kwaghanitiramo viviyauka naliparu, ukanguki, undjewandjewa naUpami naukaro

wantjitwe.Muviviyauka naliparu, upami noukaro walitungo ntjitwe kwakundurukida likushongo

nakurwamenamo virongwa peke mwayendo likukwamo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka.

Virwamena, vitambo ntjangitito naurongo ogho wagwanikido virongwa mukatji kalishunto

makushongo ghamuviviyauka navintje. Mukugwanikidilidamo shirongwashi, kwahepa ruvede

3 mu ( ntambondunge 1 na 2) ano ru 5( ntambondunge 3)yakushishongwa yendo vike.

2. Mapukururo

Uyivi wamakushongo kuvatera varongwa vayive nakumona likutundakano lyavantu navantu

kumwe nadimukunda davo.Kuvhura kuhamena mulikumangakano muviviyauka, uhameni,

politika, liparu, mpo naunantjitwe.Vino ngoli kuvatera varongwa vakare vahameni

mushirongo naumanguruki mukukulika maunongo uyivi likwato ghano, ukaro nakukulika

ntundiliro yakupama mulimangakano lyalivhu naushwi vishorokwapita, likwatoghano liparu,

unandima naunangeshefa ovyo ngava kavhura varongwa kakushonga kuntambondunge

dakukwamako.

Likukwatakano kulikulika ukaro mwene nawa na mulyo wandunge kuukanguki, lipopero

namaudito kundya dakugwanenena po, kuwapera kupukurura varongwa vamuntambo

ntateko didi. Runo ndo ruvede rwakuvhura kuvatera varongwa mukuwaneka uyivi

wakukarererapo pantambo yaliparu, unongo, naukaro ndjuni kuhamena mukutunga naliparu

lyaUndjewa-ndjewa, ligwanekero nvaholi, kukandana makuyuvho, kutambura mauvera,

kupukurura kuma ukaro dona, likutjindjo rutu nakukushonga omo vakupopera. Shingi

shaviparatjangwa vino ndjo ntundililiro yalikukwamo lyashirongwa shaUyivi liparu osho

vatapanga mu ntambondunge dakuyeruka.

Uyivi walikushongo muukaro ntjitwe kwarwamena litamununo lyaunongo nalikwato ghano

parutu namudingorongo paundjuni ogho vakara.Kupukuruka omo vantu varuwanitanga

ntjitwe, mukugwanikida vyaliparu, weni omo vapakera mbiri ntjitwe, naweni ntjitwe

mukutjindja parukito yakukarerera po.Kughara unene, linomeno ntundilirom, mapukururo

vitundwamo, navitulito vishetayika kuvatera kuyiva mulyo naliteto kumauyivi ghantjintwe

nandjenditito, naviyeramo vya kehe yuva.Nka litapo manongontjo, likwato ghano naukaro

mulyo kumatamununo ghamakushongo ghakumeho.

3. Vitambo

Vitambo vyalikushongo mukunda ne:

Kukulika umanguruki, mapuro, kutambura nalitoto naughaya, kurenkita varongwa

vakuyonge vininke nakonda dahepero, kukengerera nalinomeno mukuvifwaturura,

kushetayika, kughayara nauyivi, kukoshonona maudito nakukughanitira mo vene

muviruaghana.


Kuvaatera varongwa mukukulika lihuguvaro lyamwene, uyivi wamwene, kukuuguvara

mwene nakuyiva ugjuni omo vatunga.

Kurenkita varonwa vawane uyivi namanongontjo, ukaro namulyo ogho a heap

mukukura nakuhamena

mulikutjindjo lyadimuhoko muNamibia.

Kukulika ukaro nalikinyanyuno mukutwikakana uyivi navirughana ovyo vivatero

ukanguki waparutu

nandunge.

Kupameka likwaatoghano lyaumanguruki pantambo yashure mumakushongo naliparu

pashinauntu.

Kukulika varongwa kuvitumbukira vyagho muviviyauka vyapapa ru pamundinda wava

unyavo, likoro

vahameni mumukunda napashirongo mudima.

Kupameka likushetakano lyavakafumu nava kamali, mkurenka navantje vashetakane

nakughamena

muviviyauka vyamumukunda nalikuto muviruwana.

Kupameka ukaro dyuni kumaudito ghakuruwanena kumwe muvirughana

naunangesefa.

Kukulika uyivi walitundakano vishitwa vyakushetera navyakudira kusheera, kumwe

namukunda.

Kupameka likuturomo lyavarongwa muvirughana Vyapamaghoko mukupungura

namukupakera mbiri

una ntjintwe mumukunda.

4. Umanguruki mumakushongo

Makushongo ghakumangururka kuna kara ngo una nkondo wakeghe murongwa

mukupameka lihameno ndi, mukuwaneka ndjenditito ya makushongo ghakugwanenena

navirughana ovyo yatapanga mpompa yamakushongo gha navantje. Vino kuna kara

mumahoko ghalikwatito nalihafero uwa wakuvhura kukwaneka kuvarongwa navantje

nakukandana maudito naghantje kumakushongo.

Makushongo ghapantateko kuwapayika nkarapamwe mukatikitamo lirwameno lyaNamibia

kuvimoneka vya 2030, murupe rwakupamekalikupakerero rongo.Varongwa

vakukugwanekera namaudito mumakushongo vanihepwa vimwe kuvhura kuva hanititra

mumakushongo ghanavantje mukukengurura maudito ghavo mulikushuvo lyantjongitito

navirughanita moomo vyawapera. Varongwa ovo varemano unene ntaninka, nakuvhurashi

kuwanena mo uwa mushure dakumanguruka, ngavava tekura kutwara muvihepwa vyagho

vyamakushongo navirughanita vyalivatero ndi shure dakuwapera dogoro ruvede oro

ngavaka djililiramo mukukupakerera nashure daumanguruki. Ndjenditito nkedi dantjongitito

navishongitita kwaviwapayika ngoli vyavarongwa vamulikushongo lino.


Ntjongitito yaviturwapo maghano ghavarongwa kwawapera unene kuvarongwa vavihepwa

vyangandi morwa kuwederera kuuyivi wavo navya kuvhura kurughana pa vavene, ntani

kuvavatera mukuwaneka maghano ghamape nauyivi. Likukwamo lyandjenditito shongo

lyalihanitiro mukakushongo ghanavantje kwademenena pamanongontjo gha varongwa

vahepo mbatero mukuvitikitiramo. Lighano vatero lyaMurongwa pamundinda ( LVMP) lina

heap kukarapo mukuneyeda nakukengurura litompo lyamurongwa pamundinda we, ogho a

karo navihepwa vya litekuro lyaliwa mumakushongo.

Mapukururo ghamwe ghaliwapayiko lyakukuronga nakushongo lihanitiro lyanavantje

munkondarongero, kuvhura kugha wana mulikukwamo lyandjendititoshongo yamakushongo

ghanavantje ghamu (2012). Mapukururo ghano kuvatera varongwa mukutikitiliramo

maunongo , uyivi naukaro mukuvavatra ngavi vatompoke muudjuni uno walikutjindjo ngudu

nakuwaneka mapukururo ghamawa kumbudi nalikuliko lyamakugwanekero.

Ntambo yapantateko didi kupameka lishetakano lyavakafumu navakamali mukukuhanitira

mo kumwe, vashongi vana kona kuyiva omo vavhura kutekura varongwa

mukukushetakanita, navirughanita navintje mukukwatakana nakuyerura likushetakano

parudivharwa muuhunga.

Lihanitiro lyarudivharwa mumakonakono ntu mulyo unene mumarupe ghaliparu

mukupukurura likurenkerero mo lyarudivharwa nalisheshupiko mulikushetakano

nakupameka likushetakano pantambo daliparu. Muvirughana vyaukonikoni ushwi ntjitwe

vyakuhamena kuushwi wamukunda nulyo unene ngudu kuvakadona navamati.Mukukuyuvha

mfumwakumatamekero mukuwaneka makorangedo mukutwikira naukona-koni ushwi ntjitwe

lyayendo mumakushongo ghavo dogoro nakumeho oko.

5. Magwanikilito kuvirongwa peke na likukwamo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka

Maudito ghaviviyauka kuna hamenemo makushongo mukunda, HIV/AIDS, Makushongo

muhoko, makushongo ghaUntu wamuntu na Udemokrasi, mapukururo nalikulito

makugwanekero naUtakami ndjira. Ovino vaviyuvita mundjenditito makushongo ghapaveta

morwashi, kehe vino kwakara namaudito navishatana ghavyo kumuhoko waNamibia.

Varongwa vetu navantje vana hepa:

Kuyiva ntundiliro yamaudito navishetana. Kuyiva shitangalimba shamaudito kudimuhoko detu Kuyiva ashi weniomo vavhura kuhapukurura maudito navishatana mudimukunda davo. Maudito navishatana vyavinene kwavidimburura ashi mbyo: Litekuro nalipakero mbiri ushwi wetu Viyititapo dona vya HIV na AIDS Udito wakanguki walikuvhongo namuhoko, usheshu tundjugho twakukuvatera, nanyata Ukashu wakukupopera wakuyititapo likudiro kukushetakana nalipangero lyakudira

kupakera mbiri unankondo navitumbukira. Ukashu wakukengurura veta dautakami ndjira. Maudito ghakukuhonena muudjuni mudima Shingi sahlikukwamo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka vana twenyaura vyapwa kuvitura muviparatjangwa ndi virongwa vyandjendititto shongo yalikushongo mukunda.Mundjenditito shongo yino vihonena vingi vahanitira mo vyakukwmo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka, ngoli shihonena shimwe tupu vanayeda pano shalikukwamo lyamaudito ghaviviyauka.

Makushongo Makushongo gha Mapukururo HIV naAIDS


ghamuhoko untuwamuntu naudemokrasi

nalikuliko makugwanekero

Ntambondunge 3 Matungo: Shetakanita mandighapampo nauvando kumwe na matungo ghashinantani ( kuni kwa kuvhura kughawana)

Ntambondunge 1-3 Likupakero mbiri muruvede rwamaudito: Shingonona nhii ndi awe kuforomayalikugwanekero naunankondo wakulimburura “nashwena”

Ntmbondunge 2 Makugwanekero: Shingonona mskugwanekero mumukunda

Ntambondunge1-3 Shingonona Ashi weni mukukara navantu vana karo na HIV naAIDS

6. Lishuwedo kushonga namakushongo

Lishuwedo kushonga namakushongo kwademenena pashifanikito shalihanitiromo varongwa mumakushongo vashingonona mudokumende yauministeri nalikukwamo lyalikugho lyalihanititoromo varongwa mumakushongo.Lishuwedo lino kuna kuhugivalita ashi ngauka tundamo mutompo djuni mumakushong opo ngava tura mulyo waunene mushirughan.Mukuwedako, lishuwedo lyavirongwa pakerero wapayiko shimpe ndjo lidemeneno lyalishongo namakushongo ghapa ntambo ntateko didi. Shitambo ne mukukulika makushongo nakuvikwata lighano , uyivi, maunonogo namaukaro ghakukambeka kulikuliko lyadimuhoko. Kehe murongwa kwayanga kushure naushwi wauyivi wamunkarapamwe navyo a waneka kuliro lye, Vatungimo nalikutundakano lyamukunda. Makushongo ghamushure muna hepa kuhamena litwikiro litungo, litamununo nakushatana varongwa kovyo vayiva kare navyo vakumonena. Varongwa kukushonga nawa ntjene kuna kuvahanitiramo ngudu muruvede rwakukushongo naliviyauko mo unene, liwederero ko naviyeramo, kehe murongwa kwakara navihepwa vyendi pamundinda we, Murupe rwakukushonga, uyivi we nalikambadaro. Mushongi ana hepa kuvatera nakukwatitako varongwa kutwara omo vana kuwaneka uyivi wamakushongo.Rupe rwantjongitito kuna hepa kukushuva-shuva nka, Kuwapera nakupompeka nawa kutwara kushishongwa. Mushongi ana hepa kutokora kutwara muvitambo namauyivi vitikiliremo, nangeshi vina wapa kushongovikaramo vyene vyalikushongo mukunda, nangeshi vina wapere vwa-nawa mukurena varongwa vawaneka ndi kupupida mapukururo ghana umwavo, nangeshi vana hepa liyombilitondi likushongo lyakumanguruka pamwene, nangeshi kuna kutompora mumaunongo ndi mapukururo ogho ana hepa vikwamako, ndi walye opo vavhura kuva korangeda varongwa mukuwaneka ndjira yava vene kushirongwa ndi kupupidiramo mushirongwa mapukururo ghana umwavo. Kurughana mumbunga, naunyendi, pamundinda, ndi navantje munkondarongero muruvede rwalikushongo mukunda kuna hepa kuvi wapayika nakudemenena pashitambo. Likukwatakano nalirughaneno kumwe mumakushongo kuna hepa kuvikorngeda unene mpopo wahulira.Proyeka dakurughana mumbunga kuvhura kudirughanita kehe pa mukurenkita varongwa vakukulike maunongo ghakukara pamwe.Ntjene varongwa kuna kukukulika panaumwavo, kukara kumwe namaunongo ghamakugwanekero, kuvhura kuvapa liwedo lyavitumbukira mukuhamena muliwapayiko nalikengururo virughana vyagho kutwara mumanangwiro ghamurongi.Kwakarapo marupe ghamangi mukukwatakana liharango lyashirongwa.Shihonena, varongwa kuvhura kuvhura varughanite kutjanga, vivarero namaunongo ghavifanayika mukunegheda uyivi wamanontjo ghalikushongo mukunda. Ruha rwantjitwe pamukunda rwandjendititoshongo kwademenena shankondo nkondo mukuwana uyivi,maunongo naukaro kupitira mulishuwedo mapukururo . Vanuke kwakara naruteghatwi kuhamena kuudjuni wavo vana hepa kuvapa ruvede rwakupura mapuro, kupumba nakudimburura ovyo vana kumona, nakushereka mauyivi wavikwaparu nevi vyakudira kuparuka muudjuni. Viviyauka vino kapi vyahepa virughanita vyahepero: Vininke


vyakeheyuna navishongitita vyakuwana moomo mumukunda mbyo kamana kandongo kushongita. Makushongo ghapantateko did. Virughana vya kwata-kwateko kunyanyuna vighamba mukatji kavarongwa. Vino kuvatera mukukulika nalikuyombilito liraka lyahepero mukukwata lighano Ukanguki, Undjewandjewa nandya daukanguki, ntani mukunda wampongantano naviturapo kwahepa unene liraka lyapangambo naruvede mukururuwanita kughayara. Lirekero lyavampititi mumukunda navo vakaro nauyivi ko unene munkondarongero kuwederera lihafero nalikuturomo kushirongwa. Kudingura nkarapamwe mumukunda mukuwaneka marunone ghamema, vikorama navimenwa, nafabrika kutapa lighano rughanito lyankondo mumakushongo olyo ngva dira kuvhura kupinganitiramo munkondarongero.Varongwa kwavakorangida unene mukuruwanita dimukunda damunkarapamwe davo ash indo runone rwamulyo rwavi vyakushongita. 7. Manongontjo ghauhura ntambo

Palitameko lyantambondunge 1 muntambo dapantateko didi, varongwa navantje kunakuva uguvara ngoli mukuviyauka, likuyuvo, kughayara pandunge naupami mukukuwapayikira kutameka makushongo ghene-ghene paveta. Palitameko lyavivike vitano muntambondunge 1 kuna hepa kudemenena tupu kukondjita na vinyanyukita vyakutamikita shure (School readiness activities). Pakumana ntambondunge 3 likushongo mukunda mushure yantateko didi, varongwa vana hepa ntani kuvhura kunegheda mauyivi ghano ghana kukwamoko: Mukunda wantjitwe Varongwa kushingonona kadidi ntateko, virughana nalikuvharatano lyavimenwa navikorama mumukunda wantateko wavyo.Vavo kufwaturura mulyo wamarunone ghamema ghamakushuki nakushingonona udona walinyateko mema naweni mukuvi kandana po.Vavo vashingonone nakunegheda ashi weni mukupakera mbiri mukunda. Vavo vashingonone likukwatakano lyavikwamawe, vyamema nampepo.Vavo vadimburure maukaro ghalikutjindjo mpepo naeni likutjindjo mpepo omo lyava gumanga, uwa wavo naviviyauka munkarapamwe namukunda wantjitwe.Vavo kushingonona marudi ghalipyupyu, virughanita vyavyo yendo keheyuva narupa rwaureru mukusheshupita kurughania lipyupyu. Vavo kufwaturura konda munke liyuva lyakearera mulyo nakushingonona vifanikita vyamwi naliwiru matiku mumaruvede ghavinema vyamumwaka. Vavo kuwapayika mapuro ghaureru nakupumba pakukonanona napaliwapayiko nalirughaneno kumwe mulikonakono lyaureru.Vavo kurughanita vininke vyakushetekera mukumeta nakutura mapukururo mukurughanita grafika nantishe vyaureru.Kuvhura kupukurura vaunyavo kuhamena makonakono nakuturapo aghano ana karo nakonda djuni pakushingonona. Ukanguki, Undjewa-ndjewa naNdya daukanguki Varongwa washingoneno mulyo wakuparuka naliparu lyaukanguki, Kushingonona ashi weni mukupungura nakuwapayika ndya muuhuga nakufwaturura mukulya ndya daukanguki. Vavo kukuyombilita ukangure wamwene nakushingonona likuyuvo nalikutjindjo lyarutu. Vavo kushingonona ashi weni omo vakupakera mbiri naumwavo nava unyavo nakunegheda ashi weni mukukara muholi wamuwa. Vavo kudimburura ashi weni omo vakukunga mumaukaro ghashiponga naweni omo vavi dimburura. Vavo kufwaturura virughana vyautakamindjira kuhamena kuwa yendi parupadi, varondi muvihauto nava shingi mbashikora.


Mukunda wankarapamwe Varongwa kurughanena kumwe nawa munkarapamwe nampo yamumukunda wavo.Vavo kufwaturura marunone ghakutapa virughana mumukunda, vifanikito vyalirembe lyaNamibia nashiyivito shashirongo, nakushingonona mulyo washirongo, rudi nalidjobwano pampepo.Vavo kushingonona makushuvo ghava mpititi vapampo navaupolitika. Vavo kushingonona makushuvo ghakuuturo wandjugho, makugwanekero naviyendera mudimuhoko davo nakushingonona navirughana vimwe naunafabrika mudimuhoko davo.Kudimburura marunone ghantjitwe ghamwe ghaNamibia nakuhamena mukukupakerera muvirughana vyaunangesefa. Likwatakano lyamukunda wankarapamwe, Ukanguki, Undjewandjewa nandya daukanguki, namukunda wantjitwe kapishi kuvikenga ashi virongwa vyakukugaunuka naviparatjangwa kuna hepa kuvishonga kumwe muutatu wavyo. Mukuweda ko, varongi vana hepa kudingilika ashi mpoghali marupe na ovyo vyawapero muma ruvede ogho vaviwapayika mwayendo mwaka mushure. Marupe ghano kuvhura kuhahangura mumbunga mushiparatjangwa ghana kuviyivira moomo vavi neyeda mudiagrama yina kukwamoko nakuvihonga paruvede rwakuwapera mumwaka ndi ntjene vana vihafere ngudu. Viyeramo ghanayivira

Vininke

vyantantani

nalikuliko

Vidimburura na

vipupida

Vyapantu ndi

pauntu Projeka Ntjitwe

Mayuvaghama

shampuruko

naviviyauka peke

muliro

Vadinguli kushure

Maruyendo

muwiya maupiropo

Kehevino wayiva

Kehevino vyaviwa

uhafero

Vivandja naviyita

po ukaro mpepo

maudito

ghantantani

namakuliko

Vyakukukengera ndi

kuvivira


8. Liwapayiko nalikukwamo lyashure ntateko dogoro kuntambondunge ya 3

Liyendo kumeho lyamanongontjo, uyivi naukaro mwayendo ntambo ntateko didi kuvinegheda muliwapayiko nalikukwamo lina likwamoko. Nampiri ngweyo, vikaramo vyamakushongo ghashure ntateko kapi vavi turamo mudokumente yivo kuviwana ngoli mundjenditito shongo yashure ntateko. Likushongo mukunda kwangeneka maruha ghamakushongo ogho ngava kahangura muvirongwa muntambondunge dakuyeruka didi( shinonena likonakono ntjitwe nalikushngo lyaUkanguki, likushongo lyankarapamwe, mauyivi ghaliparu navimwe ngoli). Virongwa vyamuntambondunge 4 kwavi hanitiramo mukunegheda ntundiliro muruku ya ntambondunge 3.

Ntambontateko likoronavahungi

Ntambondunge 1

Ntambondunge 2

Ntambondunge 3

Ntambondunge 4

MUKUNDA WANKARAPAMWE

VALIKORO NANKARAPAMWE

Kudimburura nakutwenyaura vahameni mulikoro, unankondo tumbukiro sha kehe uno.

Kuhangura pakatji kalikoro nail lyauhutu oo vakukara.

Kushingonona ashi mulyo munke wakarapo mukukara muhameni walikoro.

Kushingonona ashi weni vyakuvateranga virughanatumbukiro mulikoro

Manongontjo gha liparu kuyiva mfumwa yamulyo walikoro

Kutapa mapukururo ghahameno shure yavo

Kutapa mapukururo ghahameno shuro yavo

Kutapa mapukururo ghahameno kushure yavo

Kutwenyaura marudi ghakukushuva-shuva namavango navyo gharughananga kukeheuno muhameni munkarapamwe

Twenya kupakera mbiri ukanguki pantateko ogho vatapanga mumapata namunkarapamwe shingonona mulyo wavyo.

Shingonona viviyauka vyavinenepo muvitimwitira vyamunkarapamwe yavo navirughana ovyo vatapanga munkarapamwe

Likushongo vitimwitira uturo walikushongo livhu naushwi walyo namudingo mpepo

MPOYALIKORO,MPO YASHIRONGO NAVISHOROKWAPITA NAVANTU

Kudimburura nakutwenyau vininke vyampo

Kushingononampo yalikoro navidana vyavo

Kushingonona mpo namaudano ghapampo ovyo vanegheda munkarapamwe

Kushingonona mpo yamaudano gha pampo yaimuhoko dakukushuva-shuva muNamibia

Likushongovitimwitira

Kushingonona maruvara ghalirembe lyanamibia navyo ghana kutanta

Shashurura ovyo ghana kutanta maruvara ghalirembe lyaNamibia

Kushingonona ovyo vina kutanta vifanikito pambentjo yaNamibia

Kuhamena omo vana kudjobwana livhuruko lyalimanguruko vana kudanena

Kushashurura ashi nkenani lyakarera liyuva lyalimanguruko lyaNamibia

Shingonona makushekuno pakatji kamayuva ghakupwiyumuk

Shingonona ashi nke a karera mayuva: liyuva lyalimanguruko,


Ntambontateko likoronavahungi

Ntambondunge 1

Ntambondunge 2

Ntambondunge 3

Ntambondunge 4

pashure mulyo unene muvitimwitira vyaNamibia

a ghaukarunga naghakukukarera.

liyuva lyaCasinga, Liyuva lyaAfrica mulyo unene muvitimwitira vyaNamibia

Kutwenyalidina lyaPresidenti waNamiba

Kushingonona ashi weni vafumedekanga vampititi vashirongo navavapampo

Kushingonona virughana tumbukira vyavampititi vapampo

MATUNGO NAMAKUGWANEKERO MUNKARAPAMWE NADIMUKUNDA NDI SHIRONGO

Negheda oko va tung, twenya vitungito vyakukushuva-shuva va rughanitanga mumandi ghavo namakushekuno pakatji kamarudi ghandjugho ruvara, mutika nashishwi.

Kushingonona ndjugho navikwa vipuna vyakaromo

Kushingonona nakutwenya vidikita ovyo varughanitanga mumukunda wavo

Kushetakanita mandi ghapampo namararo ghashina ntaani

Likushongo vitimwitira uturo likushongo livhu naushwi namudingo mpepo.

Twenyaura viyendera varughanitanga munkarapamwe

Kushingonona viyendera vyamuliro lyavo

Kushingonona shirughana shaviyendera navantje munkarapamwe

Kushingonona viyendera mushirongo

Likushongo vitimwitira viparu

Kushingonona omovakugwanekerango valikoro

Kushingonona makugwanekero munkarapamwe

Kushingonona makugwanekero munkarapamwe

Likushongo livhu naushwi namudingo mpepo

Shurentateko Ntambondunge

1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

LITJINGITO VARU VIYERAMO,VITUNDWAMO NALIPUNGURO

Kushingonona virughana muliro nakushashurura ashi nke nani vahepera valikoro vimaliva kupungura

Kushingonona virughana vyavakutjingita munkarapamwe

Kushingonona virughana vyavinene mushinrongo namorwanke vavihepera

Likushongo vitimwitira, liparu, likushongo livhu naushwi walyo namudingo mpepo.

Kuhamena muvirughana vyakutjingita nakuvhura kuulita vyangeshefa

Kuhamena muvirughana vyakutjingita kuura na kuulita

Kuhamena muvirughana vyakutjingita kuura na kuulita

Lineghedo lyaunangeshefa virongwa vyakumahoko didi



1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

UKANGUKI , UNDJEWA-NDJEWA NANDYA DAUKANGUKI, MPARUKITO YAUKANGUKI NAUNDJEWA-NDJEWA

Kushingonona ashi nke nani vya karera mukunda wakukena , ukushuki parutu, lideuro rutu nakupwiyumuka mulyo unene

Kushingona ashi nke nani vya karera ukushi warutunalideuro lyarutu mulyo unene

Shingonona ashi nke vyakarera ruturwa kukushuka mulyo unene

Shinongonona viyivito v ya lihamba lyamukaghu namu mwa kuli kandana

Manongontjo ghaliparu Uyivi waukanguki wanaumoye. Likengururo nalintje lya ukanguki wanaumoye

Shingonona ashi weni omo lyakuhanitanga naomo lyadiranga kuhanita lihamba lyaHIV na AIDS

Kushingongona ashi nke nani vya karera ukushuki warutu nalideuro lyarutu mulyo unene

Shingonona ashi nke v ya karera ruturwa kukushuka mulyo unene

Shingonona viyivito vya lihamba lyamukaghu namu mwa kuli kandana

Likengururo nalintje lya ukanguki wanaumoya

Shingonona ashi weni omo lyakuhanitanga na omo lyadiranga kuhanita lihamba lyaHIV naAIDS

Kushingonona ashi weni ukukundama namuntu wa HIV na AIDS ukare ndjewandjewa na vyo udira kurughana

Kushingonona ashi weni ukukundama namuntu wa HIV naAIDS, nke ovyo udira kurughana mukukupopera kumuntu a karo na HIV.

Kushingonona ashi weni omo tuparuka navantu vaHIV na AIDS

Manongontjo ghaliparu, uyivi wantundiliro nalikukandano kulihamba lyaHIV na AIDS likushongomukunda, vatungimo nalikushongo.

MARUHA GHA RUTU, MAKUTJINDJO MURUTU, LIKUYUVHO NAVIPUKURURI RUTU

Kuhangura pakatji kamaruha gharutu navirughana ghayo

Kuhangura pakatji kamaruha gharutu navirughana ghayo

Kudimburura maudito gharenkitango kukura nalikuliko

Kuhangura pakatji kamaruha ghamunda napandje yarutu navilyo ndi kapishi vilyo vyamaruha gharutu.

Likengururo nalintje n ya likuro mukukara kumwe panyama.

Kudimburura nakutwenya vipukuruli rutu vitano navitumbukira vyavyo

Kudimburura nakutwenya vipukuruli rutu vitano navitumbukira vyavyo

Kudimburura vipukuruli rutu nakushingonona ashi weni tu pakera mbiri kuyuru,matwi mantjo na kanwa.

Kudimburura maruha rutu gha munda navirughana tumbukira ghavyo.

Manongontjo muliparu

Kunongonona ashi weni omo vyavhuranga kukutjindja likuyuvo

Kushingonona kuyuvha nalikuyuvho na omo vyakutjindjanga

Kudimburura likuyuvho lya liwa nali lyalidona

Kushinongonona ashi weni mo upangera likuyuvho lyoye

Manongontjo muliparu Likengururonalintje lyalikuyuvho/kuy



1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

naukaro uvha vina kukwapa nakurengwa

Kunegheda lipakero mbiri na kughayara vanyavo

Kunegheda lipakero mbiri nakughayara vaholi

Kushingonona ashi weni vakukwatanga uholi

Kushongona ukaro wa muholi wamuhunga naweni mukukara muholi kuvapeke

Manongontjo muliparu Uholi

KUKARA NAWA MUKUSHONGOMENA MUMAGHUKARO GHAVIPONGA

Kudimburura nakushingonona maukaro ghashiponga likengururo mundi, pashure namudingunuko mumukunda, ntani weni mukukandana shiponga





Kunegheda ashi wenimukughamba nashwena murupe rwakudira kuwapera muruvede rwashiponga Kushingonona nhi ndi awe murupe rwa kukukundama nakufwaturura kuni kwakuyenda ukashane mbatero



Kutanta ashi mukaro munke va tanta hawe makura va tamunune k unegheda ashi weni mukulimburura hawe muukaro waudito Kutanta ashi muukaro munke wakuvhura nakughamba hawe nakunegheda ashi weni mukulimburura hawe muukaro wakudira kuwapera

Manongontjo muliparu Likengururo nalintje mukughamba nhi, mukughamba hawe lifumadeko

NDYA DAUKANGUKI NAUKARO WAKULYA

Kuhangura pakatji kandya daukanguki nadakudira ukanguki

Kushingonona ndya daukanguki dawapero kulya kehepa naukaro waulya

Kufwaturura ashi weni mukuwapayika ndya naukanguki namorwanke nani hepero ukanguki

Kufwaturura mukupungura nawa nandjira yaliwapayiko ndya namorwanke vina karere mulyo

Manongontjo muliparu Likengururo nalintje kundya daukanguki

UTAKAMI NDJIRA

Kushingonona varondi vihauto vavawa n a

Kudimburura viyivito ndjira mumukunda,

Lushingonono ashi weni ukara mukatji

Kufwaturura undjewandjewa wandjira naveta




1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

nkedi davaparupadi

shinongona viponga vyamundjira, temununa mukunegheda mukuvindakana ndjira pandjewandjewa nakudimburura viponga vyakaro mundjira yakuyenda kushure

kaviyendera ove murondi muvihauto ndi ove muyendi parupadi

dandjira dakuhamena kuva shingi mbashikora

Vininke vyadoropa na umanguruki wavayendi parupadi

MUKUNDA WANTJITWE

VIMENWA- VININKE VYA KUPARUKA ( UPINGWA NA OMO VYAKUHANITANGA)

Shingonona makushekuno gha mareru omo vyakushekuna vininke vyakuparuka navi vyakudira kuparuka.

Shingonona vimenwa ashi vininke vyakuparuka vyahepo mema, mpepo nashite shali yuva mukuparuka

Negheda ashi weni dapoperanga ndandani davimenwa mema kunegheda shirughana shashite shaliyuv pamahako

Shingonona ligumo lyashite namema kulikuro lyavimenwa

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Mukunda vininke vyakuparuka.

Kushingonona ashi weni mukupakera nawa mbiri vimenwa

Kushingonona / kufaneka omo yamenanga mbuto

Kushingonona / kufaneka omo yamenanga mbuto

Kushingonona likudingo liparu vyamvimenwa vyamucuko

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Lipakero mbiri vimenwa

Kudimburura vimenwa mumu kunda wavo makura kushe takanita shishwi, mutika naru vara rwa vimenwa vyakuku shuva-shuva mahako nambuto

Kudimburura kutwenya nakutapa maruha ghamanene ghavitondo, vishwa namushoni v yakaro mumukunda wavo

Kudimburura vimenwa vyamumukunda ku mahako nambuto davyo

Kudimburura marudi ghavitondo mukunda wavo mukruwanita likengururo vininke

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Likuro lyavimenwa

Kudimburura vimenwa/nyango dakulya nadi daushungu

Kudimburura nakutwenyaura vimenwa vyaushungu mumukunda wavo

Kudimburura maruha ghavimenwa ogho varughanitanga nandya

Kudimburura vimenwa va rughanitanga mutondo

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Vimenwa

VIKORAMA VININKE VYAKUPARUKA NANKALITO DAVYO DAKUKUSHUVA-SHUVA , UVANDO NAVYO VYAKURELITANGA ( UPINGWA NA OMO VYAKUVHUKITANGA)

Kushingonona paureru makushuwo pakatji

Shirongwa vikorama (rambangako navantu ) ashi

Kushingonona nkedi da kukushuva-shuva omo vya

Kushingonona ukaro wavikorma (rambangako vantu ) omo

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Mukunda



1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

kavininke vyakuparuka navi vyakusira kuparuka

vininke vyakuparuka vyahepo mema, ndya namararo mukupara nawa.

wananga vikorama (rambangako vanti mema nandya)

vyayendauranga Navininke vyakuparuka

Kudimburura nakuhangura vikaromo vyakuweka navya muwiya nakushingonona ashi weni mukupakera mbiri vikorama vyapafarama na vyakuweka.

Kudimburura ukaro waparutu narupe rwakurerelita vimuna vyakuweka

Kudimburura ndya navininke vimwe twawananga kuvimuna vyakuweka.

Hangura pakatji kaukaro parutu uturo namalyero gha vikorama vyamuwiya na mulivango lyavyo muuketanga wandya.

Likushongo vitimwitira Ukaro – Vikwavidi navikorama mushirongo uyivi ntjitwe na likushongo ukanguki.

Kudimburura ashi weni namorwanke likungo vikorama vyamuwiya muNamibia lyakarerapo

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki

Shingonona mwamureru omo vyakufana na omo vyakushekuna omo vyayikanga naukaro wavi vyavikurona na vyanavyavyo

Shingonona liparu lyakukuvyukurukalyavikorama vyakukura ngoli kapi vyakutjindjanga murupe (Likutitunuko)

Shingonona makutjindjo muvikorama nange vina kutjindji parutu (Lititunuko)

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Mukunda navininke vyakuparuka

MEMA- VIRUGHANITA VYAGHO, LIKUNGO NALINYATEKO (UYIVI NAVITUGHANITA VYAVIPE MUNKARAPAMWE)

Shingonona mulyo wamema mukutwenya ashi nke twa rughanitangako kumema ghamakushuki ntani weni tughapakera mbiri

Shingonona ashi nke twa hepera mema namulyo wamema ghamakushuki

Shingonona ashi weni namorwanke tupungwira mema nakugha takamita

Dimburura nakushingonona nkedi dadipe nadi dapampo mukukendjurura mema

Vikushongo vitimwitira Vyaliparu, livhu naushwi walyo marunone ghakuvyukuruka kurughanita Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki- Mukunda vininke vyakurughanita kehe liyuva muliparu mumukunda

Kudimburura nakutwenyaura marunone

Kudimburura marunone ghamema

Kudimburura marunone gha mema

Kunegha ashi kuni kwa kuwana mema




1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

ghamema mumukunda

mumukunda na ovyo twa gharughanitanga mema gha makushuki

mumukunda na vyo twagha rughanitanga mema ghamakushuki

mumukunda likungo lyamarunone gha ntjitwe

Kudimburura paureru ashi weni anyatanga mema,shipnga sha kunwa mema ga kunyata nakutapa pa ufupi ashi weni tu popera linyateko mema

Kudimburura ntundiliro yalinyateko mema narupe rwaghureru mukuvikandana po

Kudimburura ashi weni yanyatekanga hando marunone gha mema no weni mukuvikandanapo

Shingonona linyateko lya kutunda kufabrika naweni mukuvikanda po

Likushongo vitimwitira Likushongo mukunda

LIPAKERO MBIRI MUKUNDA NAKUUKENITA ( UYIVI NAVIRUGHANITA VYAVIPE MUNKARAPAMWE

Shingonona ashi nke tukenitira mukunda nakutemununa kunegheda ashi weni mukukenita naku pakera mbiri mukunda

Kushingonona nakutemununa kunegheda mulyo wkukenita nakupakera mbiri mukunda

Kushingonona nakutemununa kunegheda mulyo wakukena nakupakera mbiri mukunda

Kushingonona nakutemununa kunegheda mulyo wakukena nakupakera mbiri mukunda

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo ukanguki Mukunda kupakera mbiri mavango,shure ndi mandi Likushongo vitimwitira Likushongo mukunda

VIRUGHANITA – VIWEKA NAVYO TWA VIRUGHANITANGA ( UWEKI WAVININKE)

Kuhangura vininke vya kudama na kupupa mumema

Kudimburura nakushingonona vininke vyakudama nakupupa mumema

Kushingonona paufupi likushekuno limoneko lyaviweka- vyavikukutu navi vyamemamema

Kushingonona paufupi likushekuno limoneko viweka vya vikukutu, vyamema mema navyakupita


LIPUMBO MPEPO, VINEMA NAMUKUNDA ( NDUGHANITO YANKONDO DAMULIVHU)

Kushingonona vinema omo vya kutjindjanga naukaro walipumbo mpepo keheyuva

Kushingonona vinema omo vya kutjindjanga naukaro walipumbo mpepo keheyuva

Kufwaturura morwa nke lipumbompepo lyakutjindjaranga

Kufwaturura morwa nke lipumbompepo lyakutjindjaranga

Likushongo vitimwitira Likushongo lipumbo mpepo Uyivi ntjitwe na likushongo ukanguki Lipumbo mpepo mumukunda

Kutwenyaghura ndya na vyuma vyawapero mughukaro

Kutwenyaghura ndya na vyuma vyawapero mughukaro

Kushingonona ashi weni vya gumanga vinema vantu

Kushingonona ashi weni vyagumanga vinema vikorama

Likushongo vitimwitira Likutjindjo mpepo



1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

walipumbo mpepo

walipumbo mpepo

namukunda nakuvimenwa

LIVHU, KAKWEDI, NDUGHANITO YETU YASOLA NADIMUDINDA ( LIVHU NAKUSHELI KUNYA )

Shingonona vininke muwiru vyakuvhura kumona wangu

Shingonona ashi weni lyakutjindjango liwiru ruvede rwa mwi namatiku

Shingonona vininke vyaliwiru navinema

Likushongo vitimwitira Uyivi ntungwedi nauyivi likutjindjo mpepo

LITINDIKO- LIKUNYUNGANGO NANKONDO ( NDUGHANITO YANKONDO DAMULIVHU)

Kudimburura marunone gharutjeno ghamareru yira liyuva

Kudimburura marunone gharutjeno yira liyuva omo twalirughanitanga keheliyuva

Kushingonona lipakero mbiri rutjano na viyeramo

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo

Temununa kunegheda vininke vyakukugumaghura

Kudimburura virughana vya rutjeno na nke vya renkitango vininke virughane, vikure nakukugumaghura

Kudimburura AShi weni rwa kugumaghuranga rutjeno

Kudimburura ashi weni rutjeno rwatjindjanga rupe rwashininke

Shingonona lidjonauro lyalikinko

Manongontjo ghapantateko ghano ghana kukwamoko kuna kepa kugha tura m usivhongwa vyalikushongo mukunda nakusgh kengurura. Nomena ashi uyivi ntjitwe walikushongo namanongontjo ghauyivi nomora, moomo nakuvitwenya, vyangena kare mumaraka navivarero (Mathematic). Kutwara ngoli omo shina fana osho shirugha, vashongi kuvhura ngoli vatokore ashi mushishongwa munke vatura ogho manongontjo.

NDJENDITITO NKEDI YAUHUNGA MUKUSHANA, KUFWATURURA NAKUPMBA VISHOROKWA VYALIPARU

Kurughanita mahoko muuyivira navipukurura nakupura mapuro kwa ovyo ana kumona nakudimburura muudjuni mukurughanita vipukururo

Kurughana lishinganyeko kwa ovyo ana kughayara ashi mbyo vishoroko kulikonakono

Kurughana upumbi wama ashi mbyo vishoroko kulikonakonou

Kurughana upumbi wamadumadu kurughanita uyivi wakare.

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikusongo ukanguki

Kupongayika vitapa



1 Ntambondunge

2 Ntambondunge

3 Ntambondunge

4

Kurughanita ndjenditito ya maghano gha mushongi nangeshi kuna kukonakona

Shingonona ntambo da ureru nangeshi kuna kuyenda ukakonakone

Kushingonona mwa munene ntambo odo ukwama nange shi nkuna kukuwapayikira likonakono


UYIVI LIKUSHONGO UNANDUNGE, LIKUSHONGO LYA UYIVI NTJITWE

Kukutantera mapukururo nava unyavo mukughamba kutegherera na kufaneka

Kukutantera mapukururo kumwe na vaunyavo mukughamba, kutegherera kutjanga, kuvarura na kufaneka

Kupukurura kova unyavo vya kuhamena kovyo ana konakono nakuturapo lighano lyamulyo mukashingonona

Kupukurura kova unyavo vya kuhamena kovyo ana konakono nakuturapo lighano lyamulyo mukashingonona


Kushana mapukururo mumbapira, mbapira dambudi (kurante) na mumarunone peke

Kushana mapukururo mumbaira , mbapira da mbudi ( kurante) na mumarunone peke

UYIVI LIKUSHONGO VYAKUVARA

Kugaununa nakutura mulikukwamo vininke vyakuku tundakana, yira:vyakudjindja/ vyakunongena, kupupa/kudama

Kuwapaika mapukururo kurughanita liponyoko lihanguro mumbunga, lituro mupompa na vifaneka

Kuwapaika nakupongonyona vininke ndi vishoroka kutwara mulidindururo lyavyo lyakukufana

Kupongonyona nakuwapaika vishorokwa konda namaghano muliku kwamo


Kukengera kushetaka nita kuhangura na ku shingonona kurugha nita shishetikilito shau reru shahana viyilita mukupongeka maghano

Kukengera kushetaka nita kuhangura na ku shingonona kurugha nita shishetekilito sha hana viyivilita mukupo ngeka maghano

Kukengere kusheta kanita kuhangura nakushingonona kurughanita shishetikilito shayivilita mukupongeka maghano

Kutenda likarata lyaureru mukuyudya likengururo

Kutenda likarata lyaureru mukuyudya likengururo

Kutenda grafika yaureru mukuyuda vitundamo


9. Vikaramo vyakukushonga

Vashongwa vamuntambo ndunge yamuhovo (1) vana hepa tanko kuvapa shiruwo mwara vivike vitano mukukuwapayikira

mushinema shamuntango kuuto wakutameka makushongo ghagheneghene kutwara mumakurutjangwa (documents) shure

yalikuwapayikiro likukwamo nevininke vitano (5).

Shishongwa – mukunda wa nkarapamwe

Likoro naNkarapamwe Shitamborongo: Vashongwa vanahepa kukwata lighano lyamulyo mukukara muhameni mulikoro namu nkarapamwe

Ntambondunge 1 Ntambondunge 2 Ntambondunge 3

Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa



Kushingonona likutundakano lyaliwa mulikoro yira

- Kufaneka vahameni valikoro,

shirughana shakehe muhameni mulikoro kukuyonga ovyo varenkitango likare liparumwene mulikoro

- Kudimburura unankondo wavo

navitumbukira yira, kuvahora nakuvaronga mulyo wakuyimba shure nakukuronga nawa

Kushingonona vahameni mulikoro na nke vya karera mulyo mukukara muhameni muliro yira,

- Kufaneka na kushingonona

vahameni mulikoro na kutjanga madina ghavo,

- kukuyonga makushekuno pakatji kaliro lyenu nali lya kuvara kutwara kumpo dakukushuva-shuva davaNamibia

- Faneka shineghedito

shantundiliro yalikoro lyenu, shina kuneghedo lira lya naumwenu naliya vahameni muliro lyenu valira limwe ntani nava vakuvara

Kushingonona ashi weni vakuvateranga muvitumburakira rughano vyavahameni mulikoro yira,

- Kushingonona virughana vyavahameni muliro

- Kutemununa / kunegheda

nakukuyonga ovyo a rughananga keheuno kumundi; weni vakuvateranga; nke vyakuvhura kukambekako liwoko

- Kukuyonga ashi litakamito nalitamburo ndjonkedi vayiva mukurera vantiwe.

- Kukuyonga unankondo navitumbukira vyakehe muhameni mulikoro.

Kutapa mapukururo

- Kukuyonga ashi nani weni vakaranga muhameni mulikoro namulyo kutwara mu viweka.

Kutapa ma pukururo ghaku hane

Kutapa mapukururo


ghakuhamena kushure yira - Kutwenya shure yavo,

mukurona shure, mushongi wavo wamunkondashongero navaunyavo vamunkondashongero.

na kushure yira - Kutwenya shure yavo, mukurona

shure, mushongi wavo mu nkonda shongero, nava unyavo vamu nkonda sho ngero.

ghakuhamena kushure yira - Kutwenya shureyavo na ovyo

vayi rukira lidina olyo, muku rona shure, mushongi munkonda sho ngero, navashongi peke, vaunyavo munkonda shongero namukurona wandango yashure.

Kutwenya ovvatapango ukanguki mumundi namunkarapamwe nakushingonona virughana vyavo yira

- Kudimburura are apakero mbiri

mulikoro yira vanane, vavava, mukurwa, muruwani mumundi,

. - Kushingonona lipakero mbiri

yira, kuupa upyu, kutapa mutondo navimwe ngoweyo

- Kudimburura ogho atapango

ukanguki munkarapamwe yira vapangi ndi vanganga (doctors) navangangwena kumavango ghakukonakonena (clinic)

- Negheda shirughana shakuka

dingura mavango ghaukanguki

Kushingonona viviyauka vyavinene munkarapamwe yira

- Kukuyonga nakufaneka

diagarama yambunga dakukushuva-shuva ntani ashi kehe mbunga kuni yahamena yiravaholi, navo wadananga navo, vakankirishe, vakaklapa nako vahamena vakurona vavo, navakurwa vavo vavakondi.

- Kunegheda na kutemununa

viviyauka vya munkarapamwe

Kushingonona virughana vyanavantje ovyo vatapanga yira

, - Kudingura mandi

ghamumukunda ndi kuyita (murughani wako) ngaukamone ashi virughana munke vatapangako yira; ( vapolisamberewa da vakandani maukoromoka, nkonda daupangero ndi ushikilita, shipangero shashinene, vakungi mema narutjeno, ministeri )ntani ngaukamone ashi virughana munke vatapanga.

- Kutjanga mbudi ya paufupi kulidinguro

- Kutjanga ntjangwatumwa yapaufupi mukukapandura vantu ovo muna kadingura kuruvede rwavo

- Kufaneka kakarata kamukunda mukukandimburura mavango ghamulyo

- Kudingura mbunga yaHIV/AIDS


nakudimburura ovyo varughananga

Mpo yalikoro, mpo

yanavantje, vininke

vyamuvitimwitira navantu

Shitambo: Vashongwa vana hepa kutwara lighano ashi weni yina kuhoninita mpo yalikoro, mpo yanavantje navininke vyamuvitimwitira vyaNamibia

Vitomporwa: Varongwa vana hepa:

Vitomporwa : Varongwa vana hepa: Vitomporwa: Varongwa vana hepa:

Kushingonona mpo yalikoro lyavo naviviyauka vyavo pampo yira:

- Kukuyonga mpo naviviyauka

vimwe omo lyahamenanga likoro.

- Kukuyonga ashi vinke munke

vyakudwata( rudwatito) , kuvipito vya pampo vyangandi

- Kupura vagenda navarekerwa

yira (vakurona navareli) vyakuhamena kuvidwata vyakukushuva-shuva

Shingongona mpo na viviyauka vyapa mpo munkarapamwe yavo yira;

- Kukuyonga mayuva munke

ghakuku karera vishoroka navipimpo ovyo va vhurukanga nakudjobwana ntani na weni (vidwata munke nankalito)

- Kutulitapo virughana vya

unkurungu makura nko kuvi tamununa kunegheda.

- Kutulitapo vidana temwinina/

maudano kudwata vidwata vya pa mpo.

Kuvhura kushi ngonona mpo dakukushuva-shuva da muNamibia yira;

- Kukupa mapukururo

namaghano ghakuhamena kumpo yamaudano gha pampo ogho vadanaukanga munkonda shongero yavo

- Kupura vahameni

munkarapamwe vyakuhamena kumpo makura u wane mapukururo gha ku hamena mpo namaudano gha pa mpo muNamibia.

- Kushonga ntjumo dampo

dakukushuva-shuva kuhamena muvidana temwinina/ liyuva lyamaudano kudwata vidwata vyapampo.

Kushingonona viyivito namaruvara ghalirembe lyaNamibia yira;

- Kufaneka nakundombopeka

lirembe makura kukuyonga ashi kuni nko lya pekumanga munkarapamwe vayo.

Kushingonona evi ana kutanta maruvara gha lirembe nalikufaneko lya lirembe lyanavantje yira;

- Kuwaneka ovyo ghanakutanta

maruvara nashikufaneno, rughana likarata makura u tjange po nkango yakehe shino shifanikito.

Kushingonona ovyo vina kutanta vifanikita pambandi yaNamibia yira;

- Kukuyonga mpungu, nduno

nashitondo welwitchia, kuturapo shitimwitira shakushepita kurughanita vikukitaukita


- Kukuyonga maruvara navyo vina kutanta viyivito

- Kuhamena muvipimpo ovyo

vatulitanga lirembe.

Shingonona ashi nke lyakarare liyuva lyalimanguruko liyuva lyamulyo muvitimwitira vyaNamibia yira;

- Kukuyonga ashi nke lyakarera

lino liyuva namulyo unene muvitimwitira vyaNamibia na omo twa li dananga.

- Kuyimba kumwe rushumo

rwanavantje kunegheda ukaro wauwa nakutenya nawa nkango, kukuyonga ashi ruvede munke varu yimbanga.

Kuyiva lidina lyapresidenti yira; - Kushingonona shirughana ashi

ndi nke ngavishoroko ashi

- Kuyongenu ashi nke vya shorokerango ashi mukalikuto ana kudinguro, are va neghedanga pa TV, nagho va twenyauranga muRadio ndi mafano mu kurante, ku magharwiro ghapa veta ligharwiro lya mbongarero ya navantje, liyuva lya limanguruko napa vipimpo vyanavantje

- Kuhamena pa vipimpo okova

tulikana lirembe.

Kushingonona ashi nke gha karera mayuva gha l imanguruko, lyakasinga nali lyaAfrica namulyo unene mu vitimwitira vyaNamibia yira;

- Kukuyonga mayuva ghalipwiyumuko nakugha shingonona mulyo ghagho.

- Kuyimba kumwe rushumo

rwanavantje kunegheda ukaro wauhunga mukutwenya nawankango.

- Kudimburura vampititi vapampo navavalipangero navyo twa va fumadekera.

Waneka madina ghavampititi vapampo navaupolitika naweni navyo vavafumadekeranga yira;

- Kuwaneka madina ghavmpititi

navirughana vyavo yira;

vyamadumadu. Kukuyonga ashi nke yakarapo mbandi, nke vyakwatera mo.

- Kuhamena pa vipimpo oko

vatulikanga lirembe.

Kuhangura pakatji ka mayuva gha kupwiyumuka gha u Karunga nagha ghakukukarera yira:

- Kukuyonga ashi mayuva munke

ghalipwiyumuko paveta ghakaropo , kware ghakarera mulyo, nanke va rughananga vantu mumayuva ghalipwiyumuko paveto.

- Tjanga mulikukwamo mayuva

ghalipwiyumuko paveta naghakukukarera.

- Kuyimba rushumo rwanavantje

kunegheda ukaro wauwa nakutwenya nkango muuhunga.

Shingonona virughana tumbukira vyavampititi vapantambomukunda, vampititi vapampo navalipangero yira:

- Kukuyonga makushekuno pakatji kavampititi va pampo


nange nganikare presidenti nipititere shirongo.

- Presidentenavampititi vamwe. - Kukuyonga ashi weni

mukunegheda mfumwa naukaro wauwa kuvampititi.

- Kukuyonga ashi nke

vamurughanena vene ovo vampititi ovyo mwa va fumadekera

navalipangero yira; weni omo va va tovororanga navirughana vyavo

- Kurekera vampititi pamukunda vayashingonone ashi vinke varughananga yira Councillor, foromani navamwe ngoli


Matungona Ntambondunge 1 Ntambondunge 2 Ntambondunge 3

Likugwanekero

naviyendera

Shitambo : Vashongwa vana hepa kudimburura vyakukoneka na ovyo vina kutanta likugwanekero na viyendera munkarapamwe namushirongo

Vitomporwa : Varongwa vana hepa

Vitomporwa : Varongwa vana hepa Vitomporwa : Varongwa vana hepa

Kukushingonona ndjugho yavo navikwavipuna yira;

- Kukuyonga omo dafana ndjugho

yira vidikita ovyo vayidikita,vafaneke ndjugho davo.

- Kudimburura omo dakufana na

omo dakushekuna ndjugho dakukushuva shuva.

- Kukuyonga konda dakukushuva

shuvadamundjugho.

Kushingonona ashi nke vatamba valiro lyavo nashiyendera yira;

- Kukuyonga nakufaneka lighano lyanaumoye lyashiyendera shakuyenda nakuvyuka kushure.

- Kukuyonga nakufaneka

viyendera navintje vamonanga

Kukushonga nakutwenya vidikita ovyo vadikitanga mumukunda wavo yira:

- Kupongaika nakutura ndambo

yavinegheda makura utureko viyito vyavifanikito vyavirughanita ovyo varughanitanga ndjugho namatungo peke.

- Kukuyonga ashi weni varughanitanga

virughanita vimwe mukurughana vininke vyarupe nadimutika dakukushuva shuva.

- Kukushonga vikwa vipuna vyakaro

munkonda dakukushuva-shuva.

Kushingonona marudi gha viyendera munkarapamwe yira;

- Kukuyonga hepero yavihauto

vyapamushandja namulyo wavyo. - Kufaneka mafano ghaviyendera

namarudi ghaviyendera

Kushetakanita ndjugho dapampo namundulye namatungo ghashinantani yira:

- Kufaneka paunkurungu marudi na marudikito ghandjugho dapamponamundulye wado nandjugho dantantani.

- Kushetakanita nakukuyonga likufano nalikushekuno pakatji kandjugho dapampo nadi dantantani.

- Kukushonga virughana

tumbukiro vyankonda dakukushuva-shuva mundjugho.

K ushingonona viyendera mushirongo yira;

- Kukuyonga viyendera

vyakukushuva-shuva yira vyalivhu, mema namuwiru Waneka marudi ghaviyendera varughanitanga mushirongo.

- Kukuyonga lighano



mumukunda. - Kushingonona lighano lyalikoro

lyavo lyakuhamena kuliku gwanekera yira:

- Kukuyonga maghano

ghakukushuva-shuva omo va hanitanga mbudi nalikugwanekero yira terefona dakuyendaura nado (Cellphone) telefona damumberewa, Radio, televise nambapira da mbudi navimwe vyamumukunda) .

- Kughamba Nakunegheda nkedi

yauhunga mukurughanita funguna damberewa nafunguna damuruyendo.

Kushingonona lighano lyakugwanekero munkarapamwe yira.

- Kukuyonga nakufaneka marudi

naghantje ghaligwanekero varughanitanga munkarapamwe yira; Terefona selefoninambapira dambudi, viyito viponga, matjingito mbudi email navimwe ngoweyo,

- Kukuyonga nkedi yamakugwanekero

kavarughanitanga pashakare, kutjanga ntumwa tjanga, muti, kutuma muntu parupadi, nkuti natukambe.

- Kutemununa kuvarura mbudi ku TV.

lyalikugwanekero mushirongo yira;

- Kukuyonga shitambo

shamarudi ghakukushuva-shuva gha likugwanekero, shinenepo viyivito mumukunda, vinepa ( Kilometera) Shinyetedo, vikorama, viyivito vyamarondoro mundjira, internet, terefona, mbapira dambudi, vikondera ndjira navime nka ngoweyo.

- Kukuyonga mulyo wanomora

damunkama yira; - mpire, vakungi vashirongo,

shipangero, MVA navimwe tupu ngoweyo.

Ngeshefa viyeramo

vitundamo

nakupungura vimaliva

Shitamboshongo : Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano wangeshefa, viyeramo kupungura vimaliva, vitundamo


Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa kuyiva

Kushingonona virughana vyamulikoro nakufwaturura nke vashanena maliva mulikoro nakughapungura yira;

- Kutjanga shivaro shamadina

ghalikoro navaruwani yira mukali pamundi, mukashipata navamwe nka ngoli.

- Kukuyonga mulyo wakuwana

Kushingonona virughana vya vauliti pamukunda yira;

- Vakavimbaha, vishongaura, viulita kushitaura

- Kukuyonga ruulitito rwapakare

narwantantani naviruwana vya muuliti namuuli.

- Kukuyonga nke ovyo vayenderanga

Kukuyonga virughana vya mushirongo nahepero yavyo yira;

- Kutjanga virughana vya kumambo navya mudoropa naviyeramo.

- Kudingura fabirika nakuwaneka mbudi, vinke varughananga, vinke vavirughanenanga.



maliva mulikoro

Kuhamena mungeshefa yakuulita nakuura-ura yira;

- Kudimburura vininke ovyo

utjindjita uwaneko shiringa yira; - Makende, vikogho, navimwe

nka ngoli vyakuvhura kuulita.

- Kuhamena mushidanauka sha kuura navimaliva vya kapishi vyaushiri yira mawe.

- Kudimburura ovyo twa

pungwiranga maliva mukukaura ovyo twahora navyo twashana.

- Kuhamena mulipunguro maliva

yira kupungura virufiko vyamakende munkinda

vantu kushitora nakusitanta. - Kudingura vitora ndi sitanta

nakudimburura weni omo vana kuura nakuulita nakughamba namuuliti nakupura vinke varughananga, nke vaulitanga, vare vauli vavo, namulyo wavirughana vyavo.

- Kudana kanauka kakuura nakuulita - Kukuwapayikira vighulita

munkondarongero

Kuhamena mungeshefa yakughura nakughulita yira;

- Kutjanga ovyo vashana navyowahora,

nakudimburura makushuvo ghavo wahora navyo washana.

- Kudimburura vininke ovyo twahora

kughura navyo twashana kuura. - Kutokora mukukadimburura ovyo

ghuna shana kukaghura, kapishi kehe pano kuura ovyo twahora

- Kukuyombilita kuura kupitira mushidanauka yira kuruwanita maliva ghakupira ushiri.

- Kukuyonga hepero yakutulika maliva nature ovyo twa shana navyo twahora kukuyombilita kutulika maliva

- Kudingura vakavishongaura nakutjanga ovyo vashonganga palivango, vinke vavishongeranga.

- Kutimwitira omo vakuvateranga virughana vya kukushuva-shuva

Kuhamena mungeshefa yakughulita nakghura yira;

- Kudimburura vininke ovyo

twa shana kuura navyo twahora kuura.

- Kunegheda ashi weni

mukuhorora ovyo una kuura yira; Kuna kara naN$ 10, kuvhura nighure shikuki ndi shidanita? Nkonda munke?

- Kuulita lita mukushana maliva pashure.

- Kuwapaika nakuhamena

muliyuva lyavighulita pashure.

- Kukuyonga mulyo wakutulika maliva mukukaura ovyo twa hepa navyo twahora.

- Kukuyonga weni

mukupungura maliva kumbanga.



Umwe : Ukanguki, undjewa-ndjewa

nandya

Shitamboshongo : Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano lyamulyo waukanguki nakupopera mparukito

Varongwa vana heap: Varongwa vana heap: Varongwa vana heap:

Kushingonona ashi nke vyakarera ukanguki wanaumoye, likudeuro rutu nakupwiyumuka mulyo unene yira;

- Kukuyonga mulyo

wakukudeura kehepano kupwiyumuka nakurara viwa unene kuukanguki

- Kukuyonga nakuhamena kushirughana shakeheliyuva shakukenita huki, shipapa, mandwara, matwi, mantjo, liyuru, mawoko, mayegho nampadi

- Kukuyonga hepero yakukusha ku maghoko kughuto nakunyima yakupanga shironda pashipapa

- Kukuyombilita kupakera mbiri vironda

- Kukuyonga ashi weni nakuni kwakuwana mbatero nangeshi kunakutamangera

Kushingonona ashi nke vyakarera ukanguki parutu roye, kukudeura nakupwiyumuka mulyo unene yira:

- Kurughana likukwamo

lyadeura warughananga keheshivike nahepero yakukudeura kehepano

- Kukuyonga hepero yakurara mwara viri ntantatu(8) kehe matiku

- Kukuyonga ashi nke twahepera kukuyogha, kuyoghana kehepano, kuni kwakuyoghanena ndi kukukushira ntani mukonda munke; tjanga lighano lyoye paufupi

- Kukuyonga nakakutjangako kamutango kakuhamena kumulyo wakudwata vyuma vyakukena ndi ashi

Kushingonona viyivito navidimburulito vyashingi shalihamba lyamukau mumukunda wavo naweni omo tuli kandana yira;

- Kukuyonga nakupupida

munkonda shongero ashi lihamba munke vavera kare vashongwa

- Kudimburura nakutjanga shingi shamahamba ghamukaghu, vidimburulito vyagho na omo ghakuhanitanga

- Rughana likarata, negheda ashi weni mukukandana lihamba lyasha kuhana yira; kupemba, kuwetjimita kukontwera pashikeshe /sakuduku, kara kumundi nangeshi kuna kuvera navimwe nka ngoweyo.



ndi shironda shina didi

Kushingonona ashi kugwanekera munke kwandjewa ndjewa kuvantu va HIV na AIDS navinke ovyo tudira kurughana yira;

- Kukuyonga utjirwe

wakukukundama navo ntani weni tupitapo, mulyo wakupakera mbiri na ukanguki wanaumoye nakudira kuva kundama

vyavikushuki.

Kushingonona ashi likukundamo munke lyandjewa ndjewa navantu vaHIV na AIDS, nke ovyo tudira kurughana ntani weni ukara ukaro wetu kuvantu va HIV na AIDS yira:

- Kukuyonga ghutjirwe

wakuvakundama nantani weni tupitapo, mulyo wakupakera mbiri naukanguki wanaumoye nakidira kuvakundama

Kushingonona ashi weni tukara kuvantu va HIV na AIDS yira;

- Kukuyonga hepero

yalipakerombiri nakunegheda shihoro kuvantu vauvera waHIV/AIDS

- Kukuyonga weni tukara hana

kukaura lihamba - Kukuyonga likushuvo

lyaHIV/AIDS namahamba peke yira;

- kutjoraura vimbumburu vyakukandana mukaghu murutu makura atwe kuvera naurerureru.

- Kurughanita mapukururo

internet navimwe nka ngoweyo mukuwanekandjenditito yavyo vimbumburu/(immune) makura utape mashingonono ghaureru yira; vimbumburu vyaviwa m umarutu ghetu kurwanita vimbumburu yavidona mposhi tudire kuvera unene.

- Kupura mudinguli muyivi

wamunene mapuro ghakukahamena HIV na AIDS.

Ruha rwaRutu naMakutjitjo parutu

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kudimburura maruha gharutu, makutjindjo namakuyuvho navipukurulirutu.

Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa kuvhura





Kuhangura maruha gha rutu navirughana vyagho yira;

- Kutwenya nakushingonona

maruha gharutu ghakukushuvashuva naviviyauka rwa rughanitanga korutu yira kuyenda, kushungira, kukughonona shiviha navimwe ngoweyo

Kudimburura nakutwenya vipukuruli rutu vitano navirughana vyavo yira;

- Kukuyonga vipukuruli rutu

vitano nakushetakanita keheshino navirughanita vyasho

- Kudimburura ndya

dakukushuvashuva mukudi makera kudikwata nakulidumba lyado kuno ove vana kumanga kumantjo

Kushingonona makuyuvo gha kukushuva shuva namakuyuvo gharutu namogha kutjindjanga yira;

Kudimburura vininke vya kulitango nakukulika yira;

- Kukuyonga hepero yandya daukanguki kudeura, kudeura nakupwiyumuka.

- Kushingonona makutjindjo omo a monekanga muntu kutunda kulishampuruko.

- Kushingonona makushekuno namakufano mumarutu ghavantu navininke vyakuvhura kutjindja (ure) navi vyakukudira kukutjindja ( shipapa, mantjo naruvara)

kudimburura vipukurulirutu nakushingonona ashi weni mukupakera mbiri liyuru, matwi,mantjo, kanwa nashipapa yira;

- Kudana udano wakunegheda

mulyo wamukumona , kuyuva, kukwata, kufumbwira nakumakera.

- Kukuyonga ashi weni

mukupopera vipukurulirutu yira kukenita matwi kudwata makende gha mundulye.

Kudimburura makuyuvho ghamawa nagha ghamadona yira;

Kuhangura pakatji kamaruha gha rutu ghashidira naghagha kukukarera yira;

- Kukuyonga omo rwamonekanga rutu,

- Kukuyonga maruha gharutu

namulyo wakughapakera mbiri shinenepo maruha gha rutu ghashidira

Kudimburura maruha gharutu ghamunda navirughana yira;

- Kurughanita mafano nalikarata

mukukonakona sha mafupa oko wakarera mutjima, mapunga navininke vimwe,

- Kushingonona ashi weni mukupangera makuyuvhira. Makuyuvho nakugha shayikita nakughaya kuuto wakughashayikita nakuuto wakutokora.

- Kudimburura ashi kware u

yomwena mbatero kukuyonga ashi weni omo u rughana nangeshi una yunu ndi una garapa.

Kutimwitira /kudimburura weni omo ghaghupapo makuyuvho ghoye rutu yira;



- Kudimburura ashi weni akumonikitanga.

- Ta pa konda ashinke naweni

yakutjindjanga mpi.

- Kudimburura ashi weni mukudimburura makuyuvo nakugha shayikita, kughayara ntani una kurughana

- Kudimburura omo una kukuyuvha kushayeka nakughayara tanko.

- Kudimburura vantu vakuvatero

uno udito. - Kudimburura weni omo

urughana ntjene una guvu ndi kugarapa

Ukwavo / Ghuholi

Shitamboshongo : Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano lyaukwavo




Kunegheda ashiweni mukukara muholi wamuhunga yira;

- Kukuyonga ashi vare vaholi

vavo namulyo wauholi. - Kukuyonga nakufaneka ashi

weni mukupakera mbiri muholi ghoye, kuva papara nakuvavatera.

- Kukuyonga ashi nke nani

lihepeko nalikutido- tido nalikusharawido, nanke ngauruwanako kuno kudito

Kushingonona ashi weni mukukukwata ukwavo yira;

- Kudanauka ashi weni kuku kwata uholi namakutakamito

- Kukuyonga nkedi dakunegheda mbiri nashinka kudimburura ogho ana karo nashinka ogho ana guvo nankedi dakutokora nangeshi muntu ana shana mbatero.

- Kukuyonga nakudana

shidana shaukaro waudona navinke vyakuvhura kurughana nangeshi ove ndi muholi ghoye vakuhepeka.

- Kukuyonga weni omo

wakuyuvhanga ntje kuna kuhepeka unyoye

Kushingonona ukaro wamuholi wamuhunga ntani weni muku kara muholi wamuhunga kwavaunyoye yira ;

- Kuturamo lipupido, nke

vyatulitango muholi wamuhunga makura u rughane ntjangito yamafano.


mukuvatera muholi -Kukuyonga lihoramo lyaliwa nali lyalidona.

- Kudimburura vininke vyayitango

udona/lihepeko. - Kudimburura vantu

vakukuvatera nangeshi muhorwa kunakumuhepeka

Undjewa-ndjewa wanaghumoye

Shitambo: Varongwa vanga vadimburura weni mukukupakera mbiri mulivango lyashiponga

Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana



namulivango lya shiponga

hepa kuvhura hepa kuvhura hepa kuvhura

Kudimburura nakushingonona ashi weni kuka ra wandjewandjewa mumundi, pashure namu mukunda yira,


mukudana wandjewa ndjewa pakantjenya nakutepura vi ninke vyakuyita urema mulivango lyakudanena.

- Kudimburura vininke

vyashiponga mumundi yira mbera, mutondo navimwe ngoweyo.

Kunegheda ashiweni mukudimburura ashi have nange mumpatakani kuna kukukwatra munkondo muukaro washiponga yira;

- Kushingonona nhi ndi hawe

pankedi kakuku shuva shuva mumakugwanekero ghavipimpo nakuku yonga marudi ghavipimpo vya maku ndamo ghamawa nagha ghamadona.

- Kudanau ka ma ukaro

pangambo mukudameka kugha mba ashi “ nashwena” ove una pama.

- Kudi mburu ra vantu muliro

namunkarapamwe vakuvura

Kudimburura nakushingonona mukumo waundjewandjewa mumundi pashure namumukunda yira;

- Kukuyonga ashi weni kudana

ndjewandjewa mumema napakantjenya namukuvatera vaunyavo nange mashiponga vana kara.

- Kudimburura vantu vakuvhura

kukuvatera nange mushiponga una kara

Kunegheda ashiweni mukulimburura ashi hawe nange mumpatakani una kara , kuna kukwatera munkondo muukaro washiponga yira;

- Kushingona nhi ndi hawe

pankedi dakukushuvashuva mumakugwanekero navipimpo vyamakukundamo ghamawa na ghamadona.

- Kudanauka naukaro

pangambo mukudameka kughamba ashi nashwena” ove kuna pama.

- Kudimburura vantu mulikoro

namunkarapamwe vakuvhura

Kudimburura nakushongonona ndjewandjewa wakumundi kushure napamukunda yira;

- Kukuyonga ashi weni omo

udanena mumema, muliyuva naweni omo uvatera vantu ovo vana karo mushiponga,

- Kudimburura ashi kware

uyenda kumpetero ntjene mushiponga

Kudimburura weni omo gha ghamba nashwena kulikwato lyalidona yira;

- Kudimburura likwato parutu

lyaliwa nali lyalidona. - Kudana kadana kalikwato

lyaliwa nalya lidona. - Kudimburura vantu mulikoro

namumukunda oko ghuwana mpatero.



kuvatera kuvatera

Ndya daukanguki na ndito

Shitamboshongo : Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano ashi ndya daukanguki nandito ne hepero mukukura naukanguki

Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa kuyiva



Kushingonona ndya dahepero kulya keheliyuva nandito yaukanguki yira;

- Kukuyonga nakufaneka ndya

daukanguki nandya dakuvhongavonga na ndya dakupira ukanguki

- Kukuyonga hepero yandya

daukanguki nandito yauhunga mukuhuguvara kukura naukanguki wauwa

- Kudimburura ndya

damumukunda

Kushingonona ashi weni mukurughanita ndya paukanguki ntani ashinke wakarera ukanguki hepero yira;

- Kudimburura ndya damumukunda na oko dakara/ kutunda

- Kuwaneka ashi ndya munke

dakuvhura kuwana muntjitwe ndi dakulima nakudihangura kutwara kumarunone.

- Kuyita nyango vikwa lividi

nandandanidakulya nangeshi mpodili makura u neghede ashi weni mukudiyogha nakudishenda/ kuyughuna.

- Kudimburura ashi dakuni

dakulya uvishu nange vana di kushu ndikudi shenda ntani dini da kuhova kutereka.

- Kukuyonga ashi weni nanke

va karera vamati navakadona hepero mukuvatera kuwapaika ndya mumundi.

Kushingonona ashi weni mukupungura ndya nankedi yayiwa mukuwapayika ndya na ovyo vyakarera mulyo yira;

- Faneka nakurayima ndya odo

va pongayika nado valimanga mumaruha ghakukushuvashuva muNamibia


vyahanitanga virongo vyakukushuvashuva ndya kuvirongo peke vyamushirongo.

- Waneka nkedi dakukushuva-

shuva omo vapunguranga ndya dakukushuvashuva mumandi nakumukunda (mandi, farama na vitora).



- Kurughana shineghedito shakufaneka kuramayikapo nakuvyekayikapo ndya dakukushuvashuva

Undjewandjewa wandjira

Shitambo: Vashongwavana hepa kukwata lighano lyaundjewa ndjewa wandjira

Vitomporwa:Vashongwa vana hepa kuyiva



Kudimburura viyivitondjira mumukunda kushingonona viponga mundjira kunegheda ashi weni mukuvindakana ndjira wandjewandjewa mukudimburura viponga vyakushure yira;

- Kufaneka nakushingonona

viyivitondjira. - Kukuyonga ashi

wenimwakuyenda parupadi navakambashikora.

- Omo vakara mundjira

kudimburura mavango ghashiponga mundjira damumukunda kukuyombilita ukare muyendi parupadi murondimbashikora wamuhunga.

Kushingonona ashi weni una hepa kukara mundjira ove muruyendi parupadi, murondi mbashikora namurondi muvihaghuto yira;

- Kuvandja nakuvara maukaro

ghamawa naghamadona kunkarapamwe

- Kudanauka shidana ashi weni

omo ukara ndjewandjewa mundjira

- Kuturapo shirughana

shaunkurungu shauhunga

Kushingonona undjewandjewa wandjira naveta dandjira kuvarondimbashikora yira;

- Kufaneka nakurayima shingi

shaviyivitondjira vyamulyo kuvakambashikora,

- Viyivito vyamavoko ovyo a

tapanga mupolisha wandjira ( shipitikopa) nakuvishongomena,

- Tapa pangambo/ patjangwa

lishingingonono paveta dandjira pantateko davakambashikora.

- Ukaro: kushingonona

maruyendo ghakushure nakudumburura viponga vyandjira vyakuvhura kushoroka

- Kurekera shipitikopa ( vakungi ndjira murupe shaviputa) aya mudingure, kupura nakulimburura mapuro ghakuhamena kuundjewandjewa wandjira navakambashikora.



Shiparatjangwa mukunda wantjintwe Vimenwa ne vininke vakuparuka

Shitambo shino: Vashongwa kuna hepa kukwata lighano ashi vimenwa mumukunda wavo nevininke vyakuparuka nka kwakara naliparu lyakukuvyukuruka ( Upingwa naliyendo kumeho)




Kushingonona vimenwa navininke vyakuparuka vyahepo mpepo , mema nashite shiliyuva ntani viparuka yira;

- Kutura mbuto mumaukaro

ghakukushuvashuva dimwe dahana shite shaliyuva makura ngaukavandje ngoli ashi weni omo vyakuranga vimenwa.

- Kuvandja vitondo, vishwa,

namushoni mumukunda makura mukuyonge hepero yavyo yampepo, mema nashite shaliyuva

Kunegheda ashi weni da poporanga ndanda ni dashitondo mema makura ushingonone shurughana sha shite shaliyuva pamahako yira;

- Kutura tumenwa vatetaura

mumema vatura maruvara ghakukushuva shuva nakura ngauvandje.

- Kutura mbuto mushite

shaliyuva muukaro wakukushuvashuva yira (mushimbangu, pakambandjangera) ngauvandja ngoli ruvara oro nalikutjindjo mumahako.

Kushingonona shirughana shashite namema mulikuro vyavimenwa yira;

- Kurughana lishereko lyalireru

mukunegheda ashiweni vyarughananga shite namema kulikuro lyavimenwa.

Kushingonona/ kufaneka ashiweni omo da shontjanga/ da menanga mbuto yira

- Kukuna marudi ghambuto

mupoto ndi kandimbe kakufa makura vavandje ashi weni omo ya kushontja mbuto

- Kutjanga ndjenditito kaureru ashi weni mukukuna mbuto.

Kushingonona omo dashontjango mbuto yira;

- Kukuna mbuto kuvandja

makura kutjanga lishantnjo makura kukuyonga ngoli likufano nalikushekuno.

Kushingonona liparu lyakukuvyukuruka lyavimenwa vyadimucuko omo vyakuranga kutundilira kumbuto dogoro ngavikapye ngavika yite mbuto yayipe yira;

- Kuvandja shimenwa shakuteta makura kushivhumbika ukengere omo shina kumena mushivike nakutjanga pagrafa.



Kudimburura madina , kutwenya nakutapa maruha ghene ghene po ghashitondo vishwa namushoni mumukunda wavo yira;

- Kupongayika mahako

,mayura, mbuto nandanani makura kuvi shetakanita nko kuvi rameka.

- Kutjanga kamutango

kukuhamena kuvitondo, mahako nambuto.

Kutwenya nakudimburura vimenwa vyaushungu navi vyakupira ushungu mumukunda

- Kudimburura vimenwa

vyaushungu navya kupira ushungu

- Kukuyonga ashi ketu

kowerera ko kuvimenwa vyaushungu.

Kudimburura vimenwa vyamumukunda kumahako nambuto davyo yira;

- Kupongayika nakushetakanita

mahako nambuto makura uvi hangure kutwara kumutika shishwi, naruvara.

- Tura kumwe vimenwa

kundandani davyo namahako. - Pongaika mahako

nandandani mukuraima mumbapira

Kushetakanita nakudimburura vimenwa vya kuvhura kulya ko kumbuto yavyo yira;

- Kudimburura vimenwa navyo

vyakulyako yira ndandani, mahako, ndanga nanyango, lidighavyo

- Kurughanita mbuto mahako

navimwe u rughane shirameka nakudimburura maruha ghavyo

Kushingonona nakudimbirura marudi ghavitondo vyakukushuva mumukunda wavo kurughanita livandjo lyakumeho yira

- Kuponayika marudi ghamahako

dimucuko mbuto namayura ghavimenwa navitondo vyakukushuvashuva.

- Kufaneka vimenwa vitondo

makura u rughane shiramekwa shikare shifanekito.

- Kudimburura vimenwa

vyaNamibia vyakuntapuko yira welvitschia makura u shingonone ashi nke shakukarera.

Kudimbura vimenwa ovyo varughanitanga mutondo yira ;

- Kutjanga vimwena navyo

varuwanitanga ko yira ;aloevera antioxidant vyakupangita vironda

- Kurughana shininke shaukurungu makura kuturapo vimenwa ovyo varughanitanga mutondo

- Kuhangura vimenwa vyaushungu navi vyakupira ushungu.



Kudimburura shimenwa shangandi muNamibia nambuto dasho ashi weni omo da kuhanitanga yira;

- Kupongayika mbuto namatanga

makura kukuyonga ashi weni omo dakuhanitanga, yira mushoni nauntu.

- Kurughanita mbuto/

vikwamakunde u yenditeko , kufaneka lifano lina kuneghedo ashi weni omo dakuhanitanga mbuto ( ndambo ndunge 4?)

Vikorama ne vininke vyakuparuka

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano ashi vikorama ne vininke vya kuparuka vya karo na mparukito yakukushuvashuva, mparukito mpo nampo yakukurelita ( vya upingwa naliyendo kumeho)

Vitomporwa : Vashongwa vana hepakuyiva



Kushingonona vikorama( rambangako namuntu) ne vinine vyakuparuka vyahepa ndya, mema ,namundulye viparuke yira;

- Kukuyonga ntantateko ashi

nke vya ku shoroka nanga kapi vana vi pakere mbiri.

Kudimburura nkalito nanditito davikorama vyamumundi yira;

- Kukengurura vikorama

vyakumundi nakudimburura

Kushingonona nkedi dakukushuvashuva omo vyawananga vikorama rambangako namuntu) kwahepa mema,namundulye nandya viparuke yira;

- Kukuyonga omo vyawananga

vikorama mema nandya . - Kutjanga makushuvo weni

vyawananga vikorama na vantu ndya namema

Kudimburura ndya navininke vimwe twa wananga kuvikorama vyakuweka yira vinguru, vikombo,( vimpendje) ndjwi, nangombe navimwe

Kushingonona nkedi vya yendauranga vikorama ( rambangako namuntu) yira;

- Kudimburura maruyendito

ghakukushuva shuva yira; kuyenda ,kutuka, kukokava, kushana navimwe

- Kuhangura pakatji kankalito

nanditito yavikorama vya muwiya vyakukushuvashuvashuva namo vyaparukanga muvamavango



ovyo vya nwanga , kulya nako vya raranga nakumapwiyumukiro

- Kudimburura makushuvo ghavikorama vyakumundi navya muwiya

- Kukuyonga/kutimuna matimo/

kudana shidana temwinina mukunegheda vikorama vyakuweka navi vyamuwiya.

ngoli yira;

- Kudingura katomeno u ka

kenge marudi ghanyama twawananga kuvikorama vyakuweka.

- Kupura mapuro kwamwenya

katomeno makura u tjangeko lishingonono lyamulyo wandya na oko twawanga ndya.

- Kuwaneka ukaro omo vya

kureranga vikorama vyamumundi

- Kushingonona

liparulyakukuvyukuruka lyavikorama vyakukura ngoli kapi vyakutjindjanga murupe yira vyakuyamweka yira;

- Vantu ,vikorama vayakuweka

pafarama navivyamuwiya . - Pongayika mafano

ghavakeke, vanuke vakurupe navakurupe vandaundau.

- Kutimwitira makushuvo

murutu, muunene, mushiviha,mure namuufupi, ure wamaghoko,mauru, mpadi nalikutjitjo kushipara

- Kuruwanita mafano ghaukeke

ghavo yira; - Kuvandja naufaneka makura

ushingonone vimbumburu navidira omo vya monayikanga, uvando, nankalito, nkalito, yalikurero navikana nkore yavyo

- Kufaneka ndi kuramayika mafano ghandya davikashama ovyo vina kuneghedo makutundakano pakatji kavikorama vyamuwiya, ovyo vya vi lyango vyakulya nyama.

- Kurughanita vyakumoneka

naviparatjangwa vimwe namapukururo ghakutunda mungambovyuta navampititi mukupangaiyika mapukururo ghakuhamena vikorama vaymuwiya yira mpuma, mayoka ghashiponga vidira vyamumema, navyamulifuta, ntani ntjwi damumukuro nadamulifuta, vampungu navanduno.

Kudimburura ashi weni nanke lina karere yendito/ likungo ntjitwe mulyo muNamibia

Kuwaneka ashi vikorama munke vyahepo mbatero



mukudimburura ashi weni omo vana kutjindji parutu.

yakuvitakamita mukonda munke.

Kushingonona ashi weno vyakutjindjanga vikorama nange vinatikikulikutjindo lyaukurona, yira;

- Kuwaneka mbudi namafano

ghakukunegheda ashi weni lyakutjindanga limbimbidi kutundakulighungu dogoro kushimbumburu.

- Kutjanga mbudi damakutjindjo - Kuwana mafano nakuramaika

Mema navirughanita vyagho, litakamito nalinyateko

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano lyamulyo wamema na ovyo twa gharughanitangako na lipopero nalinyateko na weni tukandana linyateko mema. ( Uyivinaukonanakoni munkarapamwe)

Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa kuyiva.



Kushingonona ashi nke twa hepera mema namulyo wamema ghamakushuki yira;

- Kukuyonga ashi nke twa hepera mema namulyo wamema ghamakushukuki

Kushingonona ashi weni nanke tu pongayikira mema tugha pungure mumukunda na mumandi yira;

Pura vakurona voye ashi nke nani twa pungwiranga mema mumandi makura a tjange ndjenditito yaureru.

- Kudimburura nkedi

dakupungura mema - Kufaneka mafano weni omo

mupungura mema - Kutimwitira nke ghakupwililira

Kudimburura nakushingonona nkedi dadipe nadapampo mukudindilika mema, yira

Kurekera Namwater yayishingonone lidindiliko mema omo va vi yenditanga ndi nangeshi kuvura kuyenda okova dindilikanga mema..



nakusheshupa mema.

Kudimburura marunone ghamema mumukunda navyo twa rughanitanga mema ghamakushuki yira;

- Kudingura marunone ghamwe

ghamema makura kupura vampititi ashi “ghene gho mema nemakushuki ndi?” tjanga vitundwamo vyamudingu ghoye tapa maghano ghoye ndi weni omo ghana kara mema ghakukushuka.

- Kufaneka nke twa

rughanitanga ko ku mema ghamakenu

Kudimburura marunone gha mema mumukunda navyo twa rughanitanga mema gha makushuki yira;

- Kudingura marunone

ghamwe nakukakuyonga ashi weni va gharughanitanga yira Kavango ne runone rwakuntapuko kwaru rughanitanga kukwatamo ntwji, kukusa ne mema kwagha punguranga mundama ghakunwa.

Waneka oko va wananga mema mumukunda yira

- Kunegha oko va wananga

mema mumukunda yira mbora, ndama, dimukuro, matope namakora monka nadimuramba.

Kushingonona linyateko lyakutunda kuFabirika/Ngeshefa makura u shingonona ashi weni mwakulikandana yira,

Kukuyonga ashi weni varughana vana fabrika ku usugu na vihando vyavo

- Kurughana likarata lyakukandana makura kutapera.

- Kutjanga ntumwa ntjangwa

kuvafabrika mukuva shungida ashi weni varughanga navi hando vyavo.

Kudimburura ashi kuni lyatundiliranga linyateko mema ntani weni omo tu vikandana linyateko yira;

- Kukadingura marunone gha

mema nakudimburura marunone gha linyateko.

- Kurughana likarata lyamafano

Kudimburura ashi weni ya nyatekanga hando marunone gha mema u ka kenge ashi kwara kuni yanyetekeranga mema hando naweni tuvishayikitapo yira;

- Kudimburura ashi kuni

vavhukumina nga hando mumundi



lineghe marudi ghalinyateko ogho kau ka wana

- Kukuyonga ndjenditito daureru mukukandana linyateko ( yira kuyoghera kumundi kapishi kumukuro) kurughana likarata lyamunkonda shongero.

- Kudanauka po shidana

mukushayikita vantu vasha nyateka mema

- Kukadingura marunone

ghamema nakukawaneka ashi kuni yatundanga hando

- Kurughana likukwamo

lyankedi da kuvhura kurughana mukukandana ashi vantu vasha kavhukuminanga vihando mumukuro

Kupakera mbiri mukunda

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano mulyo wa lipakeo mbiri mukunda wetu na kughukenita

Vitomporwa: Vashonga vana hepa kuyi va kushingonona nakunegheda m wa:

Vitomporwa: Vashonga vana hepa kuyi va kushingonona nakunegheda mwa:

Vitomporwa: Vashonga vana hepa kuyi va kushingonona nakunegheda mwa:

Kushingonona na kutimwitiravyakupakera mbiri mukunda kukuturamo mukukenita vininke vyashure na mumukunda wavo yira;

- Kuhamena mulikenito shure ndi mukunda wavo .

- Kukuyonga ashi nke

vyakarerahepero vyakukenita shure nakudimburura nkondarongero yayikenu pashure.

Kukenita nakutimwitiravyakupakera mbiri mukunda kukuturamo mukukenita vininke vyashure vyankarapamwe navyo vya pamukunda yira;

- Kuhamena kulikenito shure namukunda.

- Kutjanga dimutango

vyakuhamena kupakera mbiri mukunda.

Kukuyonganakutimwitira vyakupakera mbiri mukunda kukuturamo mukukenita vininke vya shure yankarapamwe pamukunda yira;

- Kuhamena kulikenito shure namukunda.

- Kutjanga paufupi vitundwamo

vyalikenito shure.

Viweka kurughanita virughanita

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano ashi virughanita kwakara navaweki vakukushuva -shuva navarughaniti vakukushuvashuva.




Kudimburura nakushingonona Kushingonona paureru Kushingonona mwamureru



vininke vyakuvhura kudama navi vya pupa mumema yira;

makushekuno ghavininke ovyo twaweka vyakukukuta ndi vyavinongi yira;

makushekuno gha vininke twaweka yira vyavikukutu vyamema namunku yira

- Kufanikita kumema pakugha

tendeka napakugha tereka, gha kutende makerekeshe, gha kuvira kukara munku, ( Makerekeshe shininke shashikukutu, munku).

- Kutjanga ndjendito

mukunegheda ashi weni gha kankanga/kukukwata nakuvira mema

- Rughana shikukengero navininke mukuwaneka ashi kudama ndi nakudama shi kupupa ndi nakupupa shi .

- Kuhangura vininke

vyakuvhura kudama vipupe.

- Kutera vininke vyamema-mema muvyuma vyakukushuvashuva mukunegheda ashi weni omo vina kuupa vishwi vyavo vyavikukutu yira munoko, vitjangito vyalikara vyavyo kukara ngoweyo nashishwi shavyo.

- Kunegheda ashi weni vininke

vimwe vyavikukutu kuvhura ushi pumpe lirova/ linongo) ushonge shifane shuma peke ndi shishwi peke ngoli kapi vaviteranga nka pishi mema-mema.

- Kunegheda ashi weni vyakara

vininke vimwe vikukutu ngoli kuvhura uviteeke (ruvishi/ mahangu) ngoli kapishi



mema-mema.

Mukarompepo, vinema vya mwaka, namukunda

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano shamukarompepo kumukunda wetu nkondo dalivhu navirughana vyado




Kushingonona omo vyakushintanga vinema mumwaka naukarompepo wakehe liyuva yira;

- Kuvandja mukaro mpepo

kehepano nakupungura likarata lyamadu madu( Mwi wa mbarangandja, muremo mudumbi likundungu, utenda, upyu, kumbada naupyu unene)

Kutwenya vyuma nandya dawakuwapero namukaro mpepo yira;

- Kushana mafano ghavyuma

nandya vyakukuwana namukarompepo.

Kushingonona ashi nke wakutjindjiranga mukaro mpepo yira;

- Kumaruvede, kuvandja

nakupungura vitundwamo palikarata mukaro mpepo wakehe liyuva kumwetupu nka namakutjindjo ghaupyu nautenda namaruvede ghamvhura, likundungu nalitumawidi namaremo .

Kushingonona nakufwaturura nke vya kuntjindjiranga vikwampepo kuvantunamumukunda yira;

- Kudimburura makutjindjo

vinema - Kukuyonga maudano

ghakudana muvinema vyo

- Kukuyonga vyuma

vyakudwata paruvede ndi shinema osho nakufenika vidwata vyo.

- Faneka nakunegha vyuma

vyakukushuva-shuva ovyo

Kushingonona ashi weni wakutjindja mukaro mpepo yira;

- Kehepano kutjanga

mukarompepo kutwara omo una kuvandja kuvifanikita namakutjindjo ghamukaroupyu nautenda vyakwamango kumvhura, likundungu namaremo

Kushingonona ovyo vyayitanga vinema mwaka kuvimenwa navikorama yira;

- Kupura matimbi ghamukunda

vyakuhamena kuvimenwa navikorama ovyo vyaparukango mumaruha ghamvhura nagha gharukukutu muNamibia.

- Kudingura mukunda wenu

mumaruvede ghavinemamwaka makura nkokutjanga vimenwa navikorama vyaparukango mo.



vadwatanga vantu. - Kutjanga shitimwitira

paumoye vyakuhamena likuruhandjo mumukunda ndi mpire yavevikiro shure navimwe ngoli

Livhu, kakwedi, ndughanito yasola ( Liyuva ) nanavintje kuvipakerera

Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano lya omo vyakutundakana livhu kakwedi naliyuva navintje kupakerera livhu navyakuwiru yalyo

Vitomporwa : Vashongwa vana hepa kuyiva



Kushingonona vininke vyamuwiru ovyo twamonanga wangu yira

- Kuvandja kukuyonga

nakufaneka vinine vyamuwiru yira liwiru, kakwedi, liyuva, kakwedi ,ntungwedi naundjuni peke

Kushingonona omo mwakutjindjanga muwiru muruvede rwamwi namatikuyira;

- Kuvandja nakukuyonga

maruvara ghaliyuva pakukageha/ kutoka

- Kukengera kukakwedi matiku

Kushingonona viyivito vyakuwiru navinema yira;

- Kuvandja nakukuyonga ashi nke

lyakatokanga wangu liyuva pakufu makura pakwenye kuhulilira.

- Kukuyonga makutjindjo paliyuva nange aghu ndjwangurukiripo unene paliyuva.

- Kuvandja ashi nke kamonekanga kakwedi matiku ntani mayuva ghamwe namwi.

Kuvandja ure wadimundulye pamwi.



Nkondo nalikugumauro Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kukwata lighano ashi nkondo likugumauro mbyo twarughanitanga muliparu lyetu kehe liyuva ( Nkondo damulivhu)

Vitomporwa : Vashongwa vana hepa kuvhura:



Kudimburura marunone ghankondo,

Yira; - Kufaneka lifano lina

kuneghedo liyuva, mpepo natenga yashihauto (Kunwita magholi mushihauto ).

- Kudimburura liyuva ashi

ngo runone rwakahuroko rwa kutapa nkondo

Kudimbururaashi weni twa rughanitanga marunone ghankondo keheliyuva yira

- Kudanauka shidana kudwira

magholi mushihauto, kutweda ramba mundjugho, kurughanita shera , nanyenge kumwe nka navi vya kukushuva-shuva.

- Kukuyonga weni omo

twaruwanitanga nkondo daliyuva yira kukenga, kutupa upyu, nkondo dakukulita vimenwa vyandya daliparu lyetu.

Kushingonona vininke navintje vyaviwa vya tu rughanenanago nkondo yira

- Kurughana likarata

linakuneghedo livero lyakughara mukurenka ashi upyu washarupuka mo.

- Kuyenda parupadi hana

kupitakana kushinga. - Kudimbura nkondo daliyuva

(Solar) nanke vadiruwanitiranga muNamibia

Kudimburura shirughana shankondo virughanito navinke vyarenkitango vininke virughane Yira,

- Kuvandja makukuyonga ashi weni omo yagumauranga mpepo, yira

Kudimburura ashi weni omomo dakushuva-shuva nkondo yira

- Vyakugumauranga poto

kunkondo damundiro nange kuna mutereke, kufuda shihunga shi

Kudimburura ashi weni da kutjindjanga nkondo murupe mushishwi. Yira

- Kuteda nakunegheda ashi

pakutanga mbara yakumauru ne kutapa mushagharo nange,


moomo lyatapanga liyuva shite kuvimenwa mposhi vivyure kukura , vininke kukugumaura nange au shi koko ndi kushi tindika.

pepumuke au fudu ngumi ndi au vete pangoma ndi shikangero kutapa mushagharo

Kushingonona shirughana shalikinko livhu

- Kuvandja nakunegheda omo vya wiranga vinine palivhu .

- Kuwaneka ashi nke vya

weranga vinike vyamukumo kukwangura kuwera palivhu ano vyaireru kukuwora.


Manongontjo ghapantateko ghano ghana kukwamako kuna hepa kugha pateka muvishongwa vyamukunda wantjitwe, nka

ghana hepa kugha shetekera. Nomena ashi vakonentu valikushongo navayivi muvaru kwakara namanongontjo, vyene

vyene po vyantjitwe vana hepa kuvi pateka mumaraka namulikushongo muvaru, Kutwara muntjitwe yasho shirughana

mushongi ana hepa kutokora mwene ashi mushishongwa munke a pateka ogho manongontjo.Ndjenditotikiliromo

yamakushongo.


Ndjenditito dakukushuva-shuva Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kurughanita nkedi yakuwapera mukupida, kushingonona, kutontonona nakupumba pauntjitwe vitikiliremo.



Vitomporwa: Vashongwa vana hepa kuvhura:

Kupumba nakusheteka ashi nke vivhuro kushoroka movyo una kunegheda yira :

- Nke vyakushoroka nange shi a ni teremo mema?

- Nke vyakushoroka nange au tura ruhunga mumema, kumeho yaliyuru lyoye?

Rughanita ndjenditito yamushongi nakushetayika ovyo una kunegheda, yira

- Vinke ovyo tu rughana? - Vinke ovyo tuna wana

mo?.

Kupumba nakusheteka ashi nkevivhuro kushoroka movyo una kunegheda yira :

- Ame kuna kughayara ashi shimenwa osho ngava tura mumundema kwa hana shite shaliyuva ngashifera,

Kushingonona ntambo daureru mukuturapo lighano nakupakera mbiri osho una kunegheda. yira :

- Pakuhova kupapara mema makura nko kutura shiwato sha lirova mumema.

Kurughana shisheteko sha ureru kurughanita uyivi wamuhovo yira:

- Opo twa virughanine pamuhovo twa vi kukengilire ashi ndindikiro yalirova kwa damine mumema.

Kushingonona mwakuyura ntambo da kuturapo lighano nakukeverera osho una kunegheda yira;

- Kutjanga ndjenditito yaureru

mukuneghedita virughana navyo tuna waneke


Matungona Ntambondunge 1 Ntambondunge 2

Ntambondunge 3

Uyivi ntjitwe nalikushongo lyado Shitamboshongo: Vashongwa vana hepa kunegheda likushongo uyivi ntjitwe.




Kukupa maghano navanyavo mukughamba,mukutegherera, mukufaneka, mukuvarura nakutjanga.

Kupongayika mapukururo kurughanita lipongonyono limpungiko, kutura munkonda nalifaneko.

Kuvandja kushetakanita, kuhangura nakushingonona, kurughanita shishetikilito shahana dumba mukupongayika vintu yira.

Kurughanita shikandeko navimwe ngoweyo.

Kurughana likarata lyaureru

Kukataterera vaunyavo kovyo vana shitayiki nakukankondopeka maghano ghavo.

Kushana mbudi mumbapira dakukushuva-shuva namarunone ghambudi.

Kuwapayika nakuhangura vininke kutwara munkalito yavyo, kuvandja, kushetakanita, kuhangura nakushingonona kurughanita shishetikilito shahana dumba mukupongayika vintu.

Kurughanita shikandeko naure wanyara kurughana likarata lyaureru kutjanga po ovyo una vandja.

Kukantera vaunyavo kovyo vana shetayiki nakukankondopeka maghano ghavo.

Kushana mbudi mumbapira dakukushuva-shuva namumarunone ghambudi.

Kupongonyona nakuyara vininke, konda namaghano mumuyaro, kuvandja, kushetakanita,

Kuhangura nakushingonona kurughanita shishetikilito shahana dumba mukupongayika vintu yira,

Kurughanita shakutundita mutunda wambapira mukumona lishetakano lyaupyu nautenda.


10. Makonakono / Likengururo

Mukuwaneka uyivi nashitambo sha vanuke voye opo vana hamene. Mukuwaneka uyivi

wavashongwa vinke vyakarerahepero muntambo ntateko mukutapa lifano nalintje lya vanuke

makuyenda kuuto nakuwaneka vitundwamo vyaviwa. Makona kono twalilikido ana hepa kukena,

kukara ghamareru ntani vyakuvhura kutikitamo kehe uno. Mukuyendamo mwamunene

muntateko yavanuke napangambo.

Uyivi wamundjenditito shongo una hepa kukara wakukwata lighano ntani mwanuke ana hepa

kunegheda nakutemununa ntani ovyo nga nongonona. Nampiri ngoweyo yakara pandjenditito

shongo kapishi ndjo yatwarango makushongo kumeho nani kukushonga nko kwa twarango

makushongo kumeho.

10.1 Shitamboshamakonakono

Shitambo sha makonakono twalikido mukurupwita nakunegheda shitambo shavarongwa ashi

kuni vana hamene. Mapukururo ghano ana hepa kugharughanita mukutapa vitundwamo

kuvanuke kuhamena vitomporwa vyavo na ovyo vadira kutompora, oko varughana nawa ntani

kuni naweni vana hepa kukondja dogoro ngava tompore. Vakurona vana hepa kuvapukurura

kupitiramundjapo dashure kuhamena liyendo kuuto mumakushongo ghavashongwa.

Makonakono twarerero kuvatera nka vamitiri mukuvapukurura ntjongitito yavo ntani

kutapaukonentu kuvarongwa. Kutapa ukenu nauntje una hepa kuukenga yira makonakono

ghakukushongitita kapishi yira makonakono ghalikushongo. Atwe kukonakona vitundwamo

vyakehe mwanuke mukukawana uyivi mukupukurura nakutwara kuuto lishongo ndi likushongo,

Mukuwana mbatero yalikushongitito.

10.2 Nkedi yamakonakono pukururo:

Mitiri ana hepa kukonakona ashi weni kehe mwanuke omo akwata uyivi mukuushingonona

mundjenditito shongo yalikushongo lya deura ntani kuno nkongo likwakughupa liyendo kuuto lya

kehe mushongwa. Pantambo yayinene, evino kuvhura kuvirughanita mukupukurura kupitira

mukukengurura vitompora vyakehe mwanuke mulikushongo ntani kukuyombilita mukehe

shiruwo okuno vavo kuna kushendjereka, kutoroka vitetukita navitapa, kurughanita ndunge,

likugwanekero, kutokora ntani lihamen omo.

Evino kutanta shikukengurura liyendo kumeho lyavashongwa shitambo shamakonakono ntani

atwe kushonga ntani kutjanga ovyo tuna kukenga.

Vamitiri kukengurura vashongwa navantje pashiruwo shakuhamena Likushongo mukunda. Vavo

kudimburura owo vana kupakero shinka nakutegherera ntani nawona vakudiro kuvirughana, are

a manguruko kurughana ntani are wakukondja kurughana panaumwendi. Pakupura mapuro

vavo kudimburura ngoli ashi are ana tegherero nawa vishongwa ntani are a diro kutegherera

nawa. Mukuvandja ashi weni vina kushoroka vininke ,vavo kurughana lighano ashi vare vana

kutikitamo shirughana nakupongeka maghano nauyivi ntani are ana kudiro kutikitamo

vashongwa kuhamena, kukuturamo nakukambekako kuvirughana vya mumbunga navintje vino

navyo kuvikengurura.

Rudi rwamakonakono pukururo:


Omuno kuhamena marudi ghamakonakono yira tupuro twatufupi, masheteko paufupi,

likonakono pangambo ntani mapepa rughaneno. Vitjanga limbururo namapuro gha

makonakono kapishi hepero kuvirughanita kukukonakona murongwa mushirongwa deura, mara

vitjanga kuvitanga tupu mukunegheda ashi oghuno murongwa ana kara naudito kushirongwa

shino, ntani ana hepa mbatero.

10.3 Lihanguro lya ntambondunge

Opo vana kuyendera vashongwa vyakuhamena kuuyivi wavashongwa namuntjongitito ndunge

oyo kayipito. Ntjene kuna vaya kaviwanamo vya vovya mushishongwa vya wapera ngoli

kukuwana vya mushishongwa nauyivi wavarongwa vawana. Muntambondunge yaumwe

dogoro ntambondunge yautatu, viwana vyamuntambondunge vyawapera kuvitura mulikarata lya

vitwa ghambo. Omo vyakuwana pano pakatji yaviwana vyamuntambon dunge nauyivi mbyo

vivina kukwamoko.

Ntambo Lituronkondo

( Gr. 4-12) Lishingonono

A 80-100% Ogho awano nawa muuyivi mushongwa uno a kara nauyivi munavintje

B 70-79% Ogho a wano uyivi djuni mushongwa a wana uyivi wana pano napantje muvishongwa.

C 60-69% Ogho a wano uyivi wauhunga. Mushongwa gho a wano uyivi wavimponga hana yivilita

D 50-59% Ogho a wano uyivi wahasha uyivi wamushongwa a kambadara kuwana mushongwa a wapera kuwana mbatero yalikushongo mumaruvede ghamwe.

E 40-49% Ogho a karo nauyivi wakushetaka nakuna vintje mukuka rumbatana. Mushongwa kuvhura a wane uyivi wahashako, Kushongwa a hepa kuwana mbatero mukehe ruvede

U 0 -39%

A kutundirapo ne vishi a yivako kwato. Mushongwa kapi a tikitamo uyivi mpiri wahasha mpiri kuwedererako mbatero yavashongi. Mushongwa akara hepero unene mukuwana mbatero yamakushongo.

10.4 Lifupipikotapo mapukururo kumakonakono twalilikido (Lifupipiko kuvhura nka

kuliwana muntambondunge yakuurumuka yalipakero mbiri yashirongo) Junior Primary

National Policy Guide.

Makonakono ghana hepa kuyenda kumwe nalighanekero shishongwa makura vitundwamo

vyaviwa vana hepa kuvituma, ruvede rwa vishongwa ruvede oro vana kukwama vashongwa

viviyauka navintje vyamunkonda shongero, mushongi nko kutura ngamo makona konopukururo

namakonakonodiro pukururo ghakutwalilikida kumauyivi naghantje nakumanongontjo naghantje

muvisongwa navintje, muntambondunge ntateko , makonakono ne kugharughana pantambo

yapatjangwa. Vino kuna kushana kutanta ashi pakutapa vitwa ndimbapira yamuntambondunge,

vino kuna kuvihepwa vyahepero ngudu vya negheda ngo ntambo yavashongwa mo vyo

vawananga kutwara mwa vyo vayiva.


10.4.1 Makona kono twalilikido shipukurura

Makona kono twalilikido shikukururo ne kukukwata kana kumwe nalivandjo keverero nakutjanga

vitundwamo (kengashifanikito pa 10.4.3) shirugho osho vana kurughana vashongwa kuviviyauka

vya munkonda shongero, mushongi uye pakutjanga ovyo ana kuvandja vyakuhamena kovyo

vana kuwana novyo vina kuditopero varongwa .Vitjangwa vino mbyo ngavi kakuvatero

kuligwanekero lyavishongwa kumeho ko,muvihepwa vyakukakuvatera mukushonga

namukatapa vitwa mumakonakono pukururo twalikido. Kapishi hepero kutjanga konkumbu

kukehe uyivi-kameneki kumanongontjo. Nampiri ngoweyo vyakutjanga nga kavugwanitapo opo

nga kakondja mushongwa kukawana mbatero.

10.4.2 Makona kono twalikido pukururo.

Makona kono twalikido pukururo ne kwawapera kugharughana kunyima yakumanita

shiparatjangwa ndi nange shi shininke shangandi nongono kasha napukukonakona kuuto

wakukatame kalighano peke. Mushongi ana hepa kutapa nopanono panyantjete koyayifupi pa

tjangwa ndi pangambo mukupura mapuro mwayendo shinema, Ko vino mushongwa ana hepa

kutapa vitwa kutwara mushikara sha vitwa (kenga pa 10.3).


Essential - Vihepwavyahepero

Sphere Ntateko

Curriculum Ndjendititoshongo

Circumstances Ndjendititoshongo

Attitudes Nkalito

Experience Ukonentu

Deals Kuhamena

Civic Kupatakanamo

Interaction Kupatakanamo

Potential Muntumwene

Assertive Ukaro

Ecologically Liyivovinamwenyo

Phenomena Vitetukita

Acquisition Umanguruki

Practice Kututuka

Intellect Shitapandunge

Envisaged Kuhuguvara(kuturamulighanoashingaviwapatupukumehoko)

Stereo typing

Lighanolyavantuvamwevaghayarangoashikwakukarerananingolivh

avo

Equity Kushetakanita/ kulyalyakanita

Cross-curricularNdjendititoshongoyakutumpatanita

Technology Virughanitavyavipe

Particular Shininkeshangandi / kamungani

Risks Kudihanya/ kuyitamaudito


Challenges Kudiharura/ ntjempurure/ kushempurura

Society Nkarapamwe

Consequences Vitundwamovyavininkevyakukushuvashuva

Sanitation Lipoperoukangukimukuyukanyata

Inequity Lipiromporalyakudirakupwa/ vininkevyashiponga

Compliance Makushengo

Globalization Ngesefadakutamekakuhanenamuudjuni

Homesteads Mandi

Observation Kuvandja

Phenomena Vitetukita

Interpreting Kutoroka

Data Vitapa

Experiment Likambadarolisheteko

Limitation Mahundiroteta/ maruditetamururanitete / tetaura

Acquisition Kutapa/ litapo

Rationally Likutundakano

Reliance Likuhuguvaro

Obtain Kushwa/ kuwana

Competencies Uyivi

Mental Ndunge/ maghano

Entrepreneurship Utapivirughana

Dynamic Uuyendauli / kuyendaura

Preserve Kupungura

Sustain Kuvatera/ kukwatita

Access Kukonakona

Mainstream Mpitameho/ shuledadinene

Diversity Makushekuno

Barriers Mahulito


Envisaged Kuturamulighano

Impaired Kudjonaura/ kuvipita

Adapted Kupulitira

Capitalizes Viwangudu

Equipments Virughanita

Complex Kulimbika/ nakukwatashilighano

Rapidly Kukwangulita

Paradigm Shifanikito

Optimal Beste/uwaunene

Degree Ntambondungeyakuyeruka

Prediction Kupumbavyakumeho/lipumbo

Stimulate Kunyanyuka/ nyanyuna

Exploratory Kurendeda

Discursive Kukuyongamwamunene

Authentic Nkondopeka/ ntundiliro./ntapuko

Cognitively Kuvhuruka/kuyiva

Solid Shininkeshaupumburu/shakudjindja

Range Shinema

Impact Maklimbo/ shitangalimba/ shimpagwa

Consequences Vikwamako/ vitundwamo

Instability Shifulyata

Infrastructure Vyakukoneka

Centered Kukuwakumwe

Approach Kushuwenena / shiweda

Principles Mulyounene

Focal Kudemenena

Extend Kukukokana

Challenges Kurakasha


Pace Igaunuko/ ntambo

Abilities Uyivi/kukaranamaghano

Caster Kuvyukamunyima (makushongo)

Explicitly Kuyuvhilira

Explore Kupahuka/ kutauka

Enrichment Kungawopeka/ kutungika/kuwederera

Progress Kukambadara/ kuyendakuuto(makushongo)

Content Vikaramo

Acquiring Kuwanakukaurakutapayadima

Inquiring Kupulida

Require Kuhepa/ kushana

Stimulate Kunyanyita/ kupapeda

Exploration Kutaramomakonakono

Component Ruharwashininke/ maruhaghashininke

Discursive Kushayekapakatji/ndjahe

Conceptual Lighumbolyalikwatoghano

Integrated Kutikitiramo

Co-operative Makuyuvho/kushepapamwe

Collaborated Lirughanenopamwe

Social Mapongero

Acquiring Kuwana/ kutapa

Observation Kudimbururaoshounakumona

Theories Patjangwa

Authentically Ntundiliro/ kaholyaholya

Emotionally Vishoroka

Spontaneously Vyakushananaumoye

End of transmission Ushayerowalitapombudi

The National Institute for Educational Development

Private Bag 2034

Okahandja

NAMIBIA

Telephone: +64 62 509000

Facsimile: +64 62 509033

E-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://www.nied.edu.na

© NIED 2014

ministry of education junior primary phase ... - nied.edu.na · 3 mu ( ntambondunge 1 na 2) ano ru...

Documents