runivers.ru minuvshego...of jiabjiehie. c. ctat:&h: cmp. a. 9. l{onh. ha cjjym6i; cyne6hblm'b...
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fOJIOC~ Ml1H'fBIIIArD
N2 11. Ho.H6pb.
~3AaHHe nOArOTOB/leHO npH nOAAep>t
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Of JIABJIEHIE.
C. CTaT:&H: Cmp.
A. 9. l{onH. Ha CJJym6i; Cyne6HblM'b YcrnnaM'h (naMff'nt 06mrn-cHaro H ,Umattmieaa). . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 B. M. cJ>pu11e. llneonorin repMaHcHaro HMnepiam10Ma. . . . . . . 33 B. H. nep1.1een. IlOJIHTHl>a rorem-10.rr.rrepHOB'b . . . . . . . . . . 49 P. M. Xunn. pattuyac1de nHcaTe;IH D'b it>pamw-npyccr:y1-0 BoJ:iHy. 75 B. A. Cl>Hnnnnoe"b. TeaTpaJI1>Han ny6mrna XVIII a1rna no carnpu-
II. BocnoMHHaHin:
IO. M. Orapeaa. BocnoMHIIaHiR . .. ......... . n. H. TopraweB"b. CH6HpCHiR llOCIIOMllHUHifl . . . H. H. CTapHHHH"b. 3anHCHH 6u6neHcHaro mrnrottourn
III. MaTepiaJILI:
M. H. Mypae1>eBn. IlttchMa HD · A. A. 3e.'leHoMy 1857-1862 rr.
95
109 128 167
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6111611111oreKa "PyH111eepc"
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(f oA'I> BSAaeia II)
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c. n. MEAbfYHOBA H B. H. CEMEBCKAro.
Nill. HoHoph. 1914.
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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A. 0. l{oHH. Ha cJiy/f\6:1> Cyne6Hb1M'b YcrnsaM'h (na~rnn1 06HMH-cHaro M ,Il/f\amniesa). • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ;) B. M. IJ>pHMa )-\'f, r . A . .IlmaHwieDy . . . . . . . 23;)
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A. M. BaCI-OTHHCKiil. TypuiR, rep~taHiH 11 Eupona ......... 2;)1
v. RpHTHKa H 6u6Jiiorpacpis:. B. H. flH
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Cmp .
l(OB'b. IlyTewecTBie a66aTa lf\opme.rl.fl. c. n. MellbryHOB'b. E . e . :Ho-Mapoec1dA. 3amtCHH. H. n. l(awHH'b. PyccKaR: JIHTepaTypa xx B. c. n. MeJibryHOB'b. y TpOHUbl B'b AKaueMiH. n. H . B11acOB'b. Ila-MR:THHKH nepsblX'b n'BT'b cTapoo6p11uqecTBa. Cl>. 6a11JIO.Q'b. A. Mopa. Bo epeMeea !J>apaoea. Ero-me. UapH 11 6or11 Er11nTa. H. 0 . JlepHep'b. H'b 11cToph1 «Iiannanhl o Phluap't». • • • • • • . . . . . . . . . . 269
VI. H3'l> TeKym;eA: JIHTepaTyp:&I.
A. A. KH3eeeTTep'b. CTaHHCJiaB'b IloHR:TOBCKHi H ero MeMyapbI. •. 289 rp. Cl>. r. J:{e-11a 6a·pT'b. PoMaHTH3M'b, KaK'b naTOJIOrHqernoe fiBJie-Hie ................. . .• JI. c. Ko3JIOBCldl. repMaHiR: H floJibWa.
VII. PHCyBKH.
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BamHO JJ:Jiff n:tJia, He3aBHCMMbl OTo cpeJJ:bI, Bo KOTOpOM rrp11n:eTCH HMo pa6oTaTh, THmKo M cJiaBHO pa6oTaThl.. BtphTe Bo CBoe JJ:'lmo,
'lTMTe 3aKOHo BO 'ITO 6bI HH CTaJio, He rranaiiTe n:yxoMo, a B'L Tpyn:-
HYIO MMHYTY HJJ:MTe KO MHi>-ff Barno 3am:MTHHK1> M rro~10m:H11Ko, Barno pyKOBOJJ:MTeJib, Barno coBtTHMKO, Bee, 'ITO TOJihKO Bbl rroTpe-
6yeTe OTo MeHH» ... Co yxon:oMb Apu111110B11tia, «o6e3BpemeHHaro» Ha3Ha'leHieMo Bo
MOCKOBCKie nerraprn111eHTb1 CeHarn, HacrnJIM 11Hbrn BpeMeHa 11 n:py-
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n:pyraH BeJI11KaH pecpopMa--cyn:e6HaH. Ih He:tl: rrpio6m:MJICff, B'L Ka'leCTBt yqaCTKOBaro MHpOBOro cyn:hH, 06Hl1HCKifi M CJIMJICH Co
HeJO M co eH ocHoBorroJiomeHieMo-Cyn:e6HhIMM YcrnsaM11-sce10 n:yrnoJO, cJiyma CJIOBOMo M rrepoMo BblffCHeHiJO HeOOXOJJ:MMbIXo ycJio-
Biii ycrrtxa rrepBo:tl: 11 aam:11m:aff BTOphre oTo rrepen:i>JIOKb, HCKa-meHifi M rrpHKOCHOBeHiff He'll1CTbIXo pyKO, JJ:BMIBHMhlXo JIM'lHbIMo
'leCTOJIJ06ieMb HJIM TpycJIHBOfi yron:JIMBOCTb!O. 0Ho em:e 3aCTa.TI'L
crnphl:tl:, n:opecpop111eHHb1:tl: cyn:o, a Bo Hi>n:paxo coocTBeHHaro ero ce111eil:CTBa mHJJM BOCIIOMHHaHiff 0 IIOJIHUeH:CKOMo npOM3BOJit no OT-
HorneHi!O Ko ero ntn:y, non:BeprHyToMy ocKop611TeJihHOMY OObICKY M conepmaHiJO Bo OJJ:MHO'lHOil: TOpbMt, Cb yTi>rn11TeJibHbIMo 3aTi>Mo 3affBJieHieMo, 'ITO OHo OKaaaJICff «Kb n:tJiy COBeprneHHO HerrpMKO-
CHOBeHHhlM"h». Bcrro1111rnaH crnpbrH: cyn:b, 06HMHCKifi n:aJio cntn:yio-m:yio Kapnrny' BbIXBa"Y:eHHYIO rrpHMO 113"h mM3HM. «Bo KaHl.J,eJIHpiM TOJIIIHTCff npoc11TeJI11 M rnerr"Y:yTCff Co "4:11HOBHHKaMH. l13ptm Hero Ht-
61116m10TeKa "PyHHBepc"
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.Ha cJZy:HC6Tb Cyoe6HblM.o Y cma6aMo. 11
CROJibRO HenonBHH\HO-Boactna10111HX'b qmrypo C'b m1i>WHBbIMH ro.rro-
eaMH, BnJIOTb no yweu ywenwHMH B'b BblCORie, XOMYTOBHnHble 30-
JIOTbie me BopoTHHKH •.• BHyrnuTeJibHO,-Ho Bbl ToTqac'b me noqeMy-To qyBcTByeTe, qTo aTo He 6onte, Kal\b RaRaH-TO HHKOMY He uymHaR,
TopmecTBeHHaH H MepTBaH neRopal{iR, . a BCR CHJia B'b TOM'b aaBa-
JieHHOM'b 6yMaraMH, aaJIHTOM'b qepH:imaMH H aacblnaHHOM'b neCKOM'b
CTOJIHKB, y ROToparo Bbl TOJibKO lJTO COBtma.rrHCb co CTOJIOHaqaJib-
HHROM'b-Ti>M'h, qTo nouec'b nonnucbrnaTb «qJieHy» 6yMary no Ba-
weMy ntny; Bbl qyBCTByeTe, lJTO BCH CHJia, BCH cyTb, BCH cynb6a
eawero ntna He TaM», on~yna MeJibRHYJIH eaM'b aoJIOTb1e paMbI,
opJibI H BOpOTHHKH' a B'b 3TOM'b CTOJIOHaqaJibHHKt B'b aacaJieHHOM1·
BHUMyunupt, C'b CH3b!M'b, aanaqRaHHblM'b Ta6aROM'b HOCOM'b, XHUl-
Hb!MH rnaaKaMH H nepoM'b aa yxoM»; Bbl qyBcTByeTe, qTO nonnucb
B'h aTOit napanHoii «npucyTcTBeHHoii ROMHaTt» HHqero He npuoa-
BHT'h H He y6aBHT'b B'b TOM'b, lJTO 3TOT'b BepWHTeJib cyne6'b BaIIIHX'b,
uanucaJI'b Ha cBoeM'b rpH3HOM'b cTont». ,IJ;JIH pyccRaro qenoetKa
nBanuaTaro H ROHUa neBHTHanuaTaro CTOJitTiH KapTHHa 3Ta MO-
meT'b noRaaaTbCH 11enpaBnonono6uoit H, BO BCRROM'b cnyqat, ywen-
rne10 B'h ueeoaepaTHoe npornnoe, HO nnR 06HHHCRaro H nnH oqeub ueMHOrHX'h, ellle HaxonHlllHXCH B'h mHBbIX'h, cTapHKOB'b-oHa 6bma
H306pameuieM'b npaBnHBO:lt H COBpeMeHHOit HM'b ntitCTBHTeJib-
HOCTH. 0TCIOna ero rop.R•IaJI JIIOOoBb K'b HOBhlM'b HHBWiH no pHny ni>JI'b cnt)l-
CTBeHHble aRThl aanHCHMH aJJ:MHHHCTpaTHBHaro Jl03HaHiH,-H ROr)la
Cyne6Hble Y CTaBhl ObIJIH paa611Thl ua qacrn, BTHCHYTbIH B'b qymJlblit
HM'b no nyxy, CHCTeMt H H3b!KY CBOJ('b 3aKOHOB'b,--OH'b, npHM-
raJI R'b JIIOOHMblM'b HM'b MeTaHt HX'b yqaCTROBblMH 3eMCKHMH Ha-
qaJibHHRaMH' BoopymeHHhlMH cyne6HOIO BJiaCTblO C'b npaBOM'b' BO
MHorHX'h cnyqa.RX'h, ycMoTptuiH, He uymnaromarocH B'h noKaaa-
TeJibCTBax»,-H no.n:quHeHHblMH B'b c;rryme6HOM'b OTHOWeHiH aJJ:i\-IH-
HHCTpabiH. Bl> COOTBi>TCTBiH C'b 3THM'b HapyweuieM'b RopeHHOro
uaqana Cyne6HbIX'b YcTaBOB'b--OTJJ:i>JieHiH cyne6Hotl: BJiaCTH oT» an-
. MHHHCTpaTHBHOtl:--6hlJI'b, no orpoMHOii Macct Jli>JI'b I ynpa3)lHeH'L
ei:i:HHhlii Raccau;iOHHhlH cyn», H ua Mi>CTO ero noCTaBJieHbl ry6epH-
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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12 I'olloco MuHyewaw.
CKiR npucyTCTBiR, B'b KOTOpbIX'b npe.o.cTaBHTeJIH cy.o.e6Haro 3JieMeHTa, cocTaBJIRR MeHblllHHCTBO, HrpaJIH l\taJio 3aeu.o.Hy10 poJib. B1> ropH-•1eit H 601·aToit lflaRTal\1H cTaTht «Mupoebie cy.o.hH H HX'b npeeMHMKH», noneonR HToru cpaeHHTeJihHOii napa.rrJieJIH o6oHX'b yqpem.o.eHiM:, crnp.hlit MHpoeoit nocpe.o.HHK'b H MHpoeoit cynhR pHcoeaJI'b 6e3oTpan-HYIO KapTHHY 3aMi>HbI nioHepa npaeocynia B'b 6e3cy.o.Hoit npen'b Ti>M'h cTpaHi>- pecmaepamopoMo crnparo noJmueitcKaro cy.o.a . Ho au1-eoi1: YM'b ero H caTup11qecRaa /i\HJIKa, 6HeUiaacR B'b HeM'b, He naeaJI11 . eJrty orpaHM'IHTbCR CTporoit JIHTepaTypHo-rop11n11qec1wti 1rnpT11Hoti. ;r::{py3hfl ero noJiyqmrn OT'b Hero 3Jiyro H TOHRy10 caT11py Ha ceoe-o6pa3HYIO anonrouim Cyne6HbIX'b Ycrneoe'b, non'b HaaeaHieM'b «mo6o-
. nhlTHOit HCTopiH o TOM'b, RaK'b e'b ropon·s IIolllexoHht nocTpOHJICR, nepecTpOHJICR, 3aceJIHJICR H pa3eammcR HtKH!: HOebiit .D.OM'b, OKOH-'leHHblit nocTpoitRoif 20 uoR6pR 1864 rona». YMta xopoIUo pHcoeaTh B'b 6yRBaJibHOM'b CMbICJit CJioea, 06HHHCKiit oqeHh TaJiaHTJIHeo co-CTaBHJI'b «IBHeonHcuoe CKa3auie o TOM'b, RaK'b net no.o.pynr M-elle Am.rnuucTpauia H M-elle IOcrnuiR noccopM.rr11cb 11 qepe3'b 25 Jii>T'b noirnpHJIHCh» H B'b ueHTpt pucyHHa, nono RHHroit Cy.o.e6HbIX'b Ycrn-BOB'b. noMtCTHJI'b CHMeOJIH'IeCROe R6JIORO pa3nopa .. .
Ho e'b cepnut 06HHHCRaro m11na Hanemna, 'ITO TY'IH, Hae11c-wiR Han'b Cyne6HhIMH Ycrnea11111, pa3CrBIOTCR H npoHecyTcR 11 'ITO OH'b eme yeun11TD, HaH'b, BbipamaRch CJioeal\-m noarn, C'b «6eaaa-HOHuaro pHcyHRa cna.o.yT'b eeTxoti qelllyeA 'lymnhrn Kpac1
-
Ha cJ1yJ1C6ro Cy8e6Hb1Mo Jf cmaea.Mb. 13
dubia». 0THpblTaH 11 3aHpbITaH MOJie6HaMl1 11 III11pOHOBtw:aTeJib-HblM11 ptqa11rn caoero npe:uct:uaTeJIH Mypaabeaa H opraHl130BaHHaH Bo aecbMa IImpoHOM'h MacrnTa6t HoM11cciH , BHecH B'b Cy :ue6Hh1e YcTaBhI Hi>HoTophrn MeJioqHhlH 113Mi>HeHiH,-no OTHorneHiro H'h Yqpem)'.{eHi10 Cyue6HhIX"h YcTaHOBJieHiH: I1 Bo oco6eHHOCTH H'h Ycrnay YroJIOBHaro Cyuonpo113BOJJ:CTBa, BCTymrna Ha nyTh 11 cHameHiH CyJJ:e6HbIX'h Y cTaBOB'h. Bo BcenoJJ:aHHi>ilrneM'b JJ.OHJia:ut 060 yqpe-m:ueHi11 HOM11cci11 6h1JI0 BhlCHa3aHo , qTo «om8roJ1ettie cyaa omo a8.Mu-Hucmpaqiu 11 Hey:uaqHo qiopMyJI11poBaHHoe HaqaJio cy:ueti cHoH: He-CMromzeMocmu llMtJI11 CBOl1M'b IIOCJitJJ.CTBie111'b ourn6o•IHblH B3rJIHJJ.'b' Ha He3hI6JieMOCTh npaBHTeJibCTBeHHaro HanpasneHiH cy:ua M cy:ue6-Haro BtJJ.OMCTBa 11 rm HaMtpeHie 3a l\OHOJJ.aTeJIH IlOCTaBl1Tb npe:uCTa-BHTeJiett cy:ue6Hoii: snacn1 B"h oco6oe 11cHmoq11TeJihHoe noJiomeHie B"b pHJlY npo•rnx'h npam1TeJibCTBeHHbIX1, opraHOBb».-B'h pa3Bl1Tie 3THX"b B3nrn;::i:oBb Mypasbesa cyJJ:e6HaH anacTb 3eMcHaro HaqaJib-mrna 6hma sceutJio coxpaHeHa B"h o6IIrnpHOM"h npoeHTt «ynopH.uo-
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14 I'oJIOCo MuHyewaw.
l\aKb 6bl B'b pOJIH CBH;Id>TeJUI nopyraHiH qecTH meHll.IHHbI, HOTopaR
6bma HX'b «nepBoit mo60BblO», 6e3'b BCHHOH peaJibHOit B03MO>R-
HOCTH eti IlOM011.b.
rope11b, Bbl3BaHH3H BCtM'b 3THM'b B'b 06m1HCHOM'b, He B03JI3-
raBUIHM'b OOJlblllHX'b ynoBaHHl: H Ha rocynapcTBeHHbIA CoBtT'b CTa-
paro ycTpoitCTBa, Hyna nonmeH'b 6bIJI'b nocTynuTb npoeHT'b «nepe-
CMOTpa», 6hma 011eHb BeJrnHa u ocTpa. 0Ha Bbipamanacb B'b ero
11acTHbIX'h nHCbMaxn u B'b cTaTbHX'b B'b «PyccHHX'b BtnoMOCTHX'b»,
B'b HOTOpbIX'b OH'b crnpaJICH paa6HTb puTOpu11ecKie BbIBepTbl npen-
ct.n:aTeJIH HOllIHCCiH, TopmecTneHHO npOB03fJ13U13BIJ.Iaro B'b CBOeM'b
3aHmo11uTeJibHOM'b coo6UleHiH npu aaHpbITiH nocntnHeM:, 11To B'h eH
pa6oTax'b coxpaHeHbI Bet ocHOBHbIH Ha11ana Cyne6HbIX'b YcTaBOB'b
lilMnepaTOpa AneKcaH.n:pa II. C1111rn.11, noBHJ:J:HMOMy, n·sno oHoH-'laTeJibHo npourpaHHbIM'b, 06HHHCHiH C'b HOHU3 neBHHOCTblX'b ro-
.llOB'b 33MOJIK'b B'b OTHOU1eHiH Bcero, 'ITO HaCaJIOCb nopororo eMy
cyna. Ponh 6e3rr.rronHaro HpHTHHa obma He no HeM'b. 0H'b npHHanne-
man'b K'b TtM'b HeMHOfHM'b, B'b 11bHX'b CJIOB3X'b BCerna 3BY'IHT'b >RH-
BOe ntno H 'lhe ntno npomrnHyTo 6omecTBeHHbIM'b nyHoBeHieM'b
~CnoBa». Ero cnym6a Cy.n:e6HhIM'b YcTaBaM'b H111-mrna He orpam1-
11uBanacb TOJibKO HX'b 33lllHTOit H HpHnrnoil paoOTbl HX'b HCH33H-
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TeXHHHH H cyne6HOH 3THHH,_ HOTOpbIX'b, no cyll.leCTBY CBOeMy' He
MOf'h HOCHYTbCfl noJIO>HHTeJibHblit 331\0H'b, OH'b npoBOL{HJl'b B'b CBOeH
npo:KypopCHOit ntRTeJibHOCTH Ti> Ha11aJia 11 npieMbl, B'b KOTOpbIX'b
.n:onmeH'b ObIJI'h npo.aBHTbCH THn'b ooBHHHTeJIH, cooTBtTcTByIOllliH
naMtpeHim u omunaHiIO rnopuoB'b cy.ue6Hofi pe¢opMbI. Bonpoc'b
0 TOM'b, 'ltM'h 6yneT'b Ha npaHTHKt pycc1dil ny6JIH11HbIH OOBHHHTeJib,
npe.n:cTaBJIHJI'b oco6y10 Ba>HHOCTh. MomHo 6hIJIO, ocymecTBJIHH 06.11-
:laHHOCTH no aToit HOBoit, He HMtBU1eit npomilaro B'b Pocci11, nonm-
HO
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· Ha cJ1y~610 Cyoe6Hbl.Mo Ycma6a.Mo. 15
noncyi:urnoMy TO, 'ITO OH'b B'b paHHeM'b Jrl;TCTBt IlOK333JI'b R3blR'b cBoeif MaTepu, noxHTHJI'b Kycol\b caxapy y caoero ntna, He rHy-lllancR 6paTb H6JIOKH B'b cany coctna-H TOJibl:\0 noTOMY He Ol:\3-:33JICH oTuey6Hl:uei%, 'ITO HM'BJI'b cqacTbe 6bITh cupoTOIO. ITpnTOM'b naeoc'b cf>paHllY3Cl:\HX'b o6BHHHTeJieH, 06'bHCHReMbli% B'b 3H3'1HTeJib-HOit Mtpt HX'b TeMnepaMeHTOM'b, 6bIJI'b 6bI COBepmeHHO ueyMt-CTeH'b npen'b pyCCl:\HMH cynhHMH, npoH3BOJJ:ff BneqaTJitHie TpaBJIH noncynnMaro. HtMellHiH o6BHHHTeJihHbIR p·squ 6hIJIH Mano uaatcTHbI 11 c1wpte npencTaBJIHJIH Hau:uenHpcHo-aKaneMH'leCHiH paacymneuiH, ue BmHy11dHcH co cBo6onoit mnBoro CJioaa. Ptq11 aurnHicHHX'b o6BHHHTeJieit, B'b BHJJ:Y cymecTBeHHaro pa3JIH'liH Memny HOHCTpyH-llieit aumiitc1rnro u Halllero yronoauaro npouecca, enaa nu 6bI.iU! yno6HbI JJ:JIH nonpamaHiR. IToaToMy HYif\HO 6hmo noitrn caoeti: no-poroi% H C3MOCTOHTeJibHO Bblpa6oT3Tb THil'b o6BHHHTeJIH. 8Ty 33-naqy, HpaBCTBeHHo o6HaaTeJibHYIO mrn ntRTeneit nepaaro necHTH-n'kTiH cyne6HoH pecf>opMbI, o6ner'IHJIH cocTaBnTeJIH Cyne6HbIX'b YcTaBOB'b. CoanaBaH npoHypopa-o6BHHHTeJIR u yHaaaB'b e111y ero aanaqy, OHH uaqepTaJIH H HpaBCTBeHHbIH Tpe6oBaHiH, l:\OTOpLIR o6Jiefli3IOT'b H B03Bbllll3IOT'b ero aanaqy' OTHHMaR y HCilOJIHeHiR eH cf>opM3JibHYIO qepcTBOCTb H 6eanymuyro ucno;1HHTeJihHOCTb. 0HH BMtHHJIH B'b o6H33HHOCTb npoHypopy OTl:\33bIB3TbCH OT'b 06-B~HeHiH B'b Ttxo CJiyqaRX'b, Horna OH'b uattneT'b onpaanauiR noncy-JJ:HMaro yBamuTeJihHbIMH' H aaHBJIHTb 0 TOM'b cyny no COBtCTH , BHOCH, T3RHM'b o6paaOM'b, B'b ntHTeJibHOCTb cmopoHbl aJieMeHT'b 6e3-npHCTpacTiH, ROTopoe noJimHo ObITh CBOHCTBeHHO cynht. 06puco-BhIBaH, H3CROJibKO 3TO B03M0a\HO B'b 33KOHt, npieMbI o6Bl!HeHi.fl, Cyne6Hbre YcTaBbI naroT'b npoRypopy auymuTeJihHbIR uacTaBne-HiH, YR33blB3ff eMy, 'ITO B'b ptqu CBOeit OH'b He nonmeH'h HH npencTa-BJIRTb ntna B'b OJJ:HOCTOpomreM'b Birnt, H3B.ileRaH H3'b Hero TOJiblW o6CToHTeJihCTBa, yn:uqaIOllliH noncynHMaro, HH npeyaenuquaaTb aua-'leHie i:tORaaaTeJibCTB'b u ynnR'b mrn BamuoCTH npecTynneuiR. Ta-RHM'b o6pa30!l:l'b, B'b CHJIY 3THX'b 3TH'leCl:\I1X'b Tpe6oaauiit, npoRy-pop'b npurnamaeTCH CRaaaTb CBoe CJIOBO H B'b onpoaepmeuie o6cToR-TeJihCTB'b, 1waa6WUXCR npH npenauiH cyny CJIOif\HBllIHMHCR npOTHB'b noncynnMaro, npH 'leM'b B'b o:utuRt H B3BtlllHB3HiH JJ:Ol:\333TeJihCTB'b OH'b BOBCe He cTtcueH'b utml'.llm o6BIIHeHiH. l1HbIMH CJIOB3MH, OH'b-W60PRU/iii ny6J1u11Ho cyob!l. Ha 06.flaaHHOCTH ero nemHT'b crpynm1-posaTh u npoBtpHTh Bee uao6nuqa10mee noncynnl\iaro, u ecnu non-neneHHbrit HM'b HTon, co ueo6xonnMhIM'b u 06.RaaTeJihHbIM'b yqeTOM'b ncero, ronopRmaro B'b nonhay o6BHHReMaro, coanacT'b B'b ue~I'b y6t-mi:teuie B'b BHHOBHOCTH nocntnuHro, 33.ffBHTb 0 TOM'b cyny. CntnaTb 3TO nano B'b CBH3HOM'b H nocntnoBaTeJihHOM'b H3JIOif\eHiH' co CilOROtl-HhlM'b JJ:OCTOHHCTBOM'b HCilOJIHRe?tiaro rpycTHaro nonra, 6e3'b na-
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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16 I'oJZoco MuHyewazo.
eoca, Hero;a:oeaHiH H npecJit;a:oeaHiH 1mnoi1:-JIH00 HHoit u:tmi, RpoMt npaeocy;a:i11, ROTopoe ;a:ocTHraeTCH He HenpeMtHHbIMo coz.llacie.Mo cy;a:a c1, ;a:oeo;a:aMH OOBHHHTemr, a HerrpeMtHHhIMo eb1c.11ywaHie.Mo HX'h. Tam, HMeHHO noHHMaJI'I> aa;a:aqy ooBHHHTen:a 06mrnc1dtt, H Bet ero pt'IH, 111em;a:y npO'IHM'I> H B'b 3HaMeHHTOMo MOCl\OBCROMo :a:tnt HryMeHbH MHTpolf>aHiH' OblJIH ncer;a:a npOHl1KHYTbI CIIOROHCTBieM'b TOHa' qeJJOBi>'lHOCTblO H yot;a:HTeJibHOCTbIO JJ:OBOJJ:OB'b 6ea'I> npeyee-JIH'leHHaro ToJrnoeaHiH yJIHJ\b H ;a:oRaaaTeJil>CTB'I>. Cocrpa;a:areJI1>-H1>1:it H MHrRiH TaM'I>, r;a:t JJ:JIR 3Toro B'h OOCTOHTeJibCTBax·h ;a:tJia' B'h JIH'IHOCTH H B'h mHaHH no;a:cy;a:mvrnro ObIJIH RaRi11-n:1160 ;a:aHHhIR, OH'b ObIJI'h Tpe6oBaTeJieH'b H HaCTOtt'lHB'b no OTHOllleHiIO R'I> npe;a:-CTaBHTeJIRM'I> aa1mHa H BJiaCTH' 1corna OHH HapywaJIH nepBbIH HJIH anoynoTpeoJIHJIH BTOpOIO. lliHBbIM'h JIH'lHbIM'b npHMtpOM'b H B'b ne-'laTH OH'I> CTapaJICR ycTaHOBHTb npO'IHblti B3rJIHJJ:'b Ha cy;a:e6Hb!R npeHiH H Ha HX'b aa;a:aqy cnymHTb JIHWb scecTOpOHHeMy BbIRCHeHilO JJ:OCTynHoit qeJioBt'leCROMY nOHHMaHilO npaBJJ:b! B'h ;a:trrt' a He JIH'l-HOMY caMomo6iro HJIH CTpeMJieHiIO R'h ycntxy HHorga C'b ymepOOM'b .!lJIR cnpasenJIHBOCTH. floneepraR TIUaTeJibHOMY' OCHOBaHHOMY Ha onhlrl, aHaJIHay TaKD Haa1>rnaeMoe cy;a:eoHoe Rpacuoptqie, OH'I> Ha-xoJJ:HJI'h, 'ITO «:a:ap'L CJIOBa», T.-e. cnoco6HOCTb H3'b HeMHOrHX'b lf>aR-TOB'b cpaay Hao6pa3HTb CHJibHO ;a:tAcrnyromyro Ha nepBbiit B3rJIRJJ:'b RapTHHY' HrpaeT'L B'L cy;a:e6HbIX'h rrpeHiRX'I> He TOJlbRO BTOpocreneH-HYJO, Ho ;a:ame H sosce ueuymHyro po.rr1>. BnyM'lHBOCTb B'h rmareJibHO HayqeuHblff H y:a:epmaHHbIR B'h naMRTH OOCTOHTeJJbCTBa, pacRpbl-Tblff H3CJit;a:oeauieM'L JJ:O cy;a:a, HaXOJJ:'IHBOCTb npH npostpRt HX'b Ha cyllt, rnyooRoe H HCRpeuuee y6tmneHie, nocntnosareJI1>Hocrh 11 HCHOCTb H3JIO>ReHiH npoCTbIM'b H JIHllleHHbIM'b Bbl'IYP'h R3b!ROM'b-BOT'L 'ITO uymHo, no ero MHtHiro, JJ:JIH cyge6Hoit pt'IH. Hamnhlii onhITHhlit cyneoHhlit ntaTeJI1>, HoHeqHo, He Momen He cornac11T1>c11 B'L 3TOM'L C'L HHM'L, HaK'b H C'L pRUOM'b scecropOHHe paaBMTbIX'L H3-cntnoeaHHi coepeMeHHaro nonoiHeHiH cntncrseHHoM: qacr11 H Hpas-CTBeHHaro CTpOH a;a:Bo:KaTypbI B'I> ero HHTepecHoti RHMrt «3aKOH'b u 6blmo». B1> 3THX'h oqepRax'h H nacntlloBaHiHX'h, HanHcaHHhIX'b RpRo H JJ:O:KaaaTeJibHO, R3bIHOM'L, HJJ:Yll.{HM'b H3'b «mam:a:ymaro H anqymaro npaBllhl» cep:a:ua,-aaimroqaeTca paapa6orHa pana 6on1>-HhlX'L sonpocosn, soaHHRWHX'h npH np1rntHeHiH Cyne6HbIX'b Ycra-BOB'h B'L TtX'h o6naCTRX'L, ni:t aaROH'L, onpelltJIHH B'b o6mnx'h qep-Tax'b 'lmo Ha;a:o lltnaTb, OCTaBJIHeT'b upaBCTBeHHOMY qyscrsy CBO-OOllY ptWHTb, KQlib 3TO lltJiaTb. ropbRaR HpOHiR DO IIOBOll.Y OTCTy-IIJieHHi: OT'b 3TOfO 'lYBCTBa, Ha pany C'b ooraTbIMH np11MtpaMH H3'h pyccRoit H uuocrpaHHoit npaHTHRH, ;a:tnaeT'L 3TH crpaHHUhl oco6o noy'lnTeJII>HhIMH H HH'IYTh He YTPaTHBlll1111rn ceoero aHa'leHiR H B'h -caMbie noCJitllHie roJJ:bl pycc:Koit mHaHH.
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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n. H. 06HHHcKi l1.
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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Ha cJZy:>1e610 Cyoe6Hbl.M.o Y cmaea.wo. 17
He Pa o.n:HH, o.n:Ha1w, cy.n:e6Hbie Bonpocb1 OTKmrnaJICH 06HHH-CKiiL 0H'b qyTKO npHCJIYlllHBaJICH K'b Ha6o.rrtBlllHM'b BOnpocaM'b Ha-rnei1 BHyTpeHHeti: H(H3HH, B'b KaKOA 6bI OOJiaCnf OHH He B03Hlrnamc JlHrneHHblM'b OCHOBaHiH «npenoHaM'b», HOTOpbIH TaK'b qaCTO CTaBH-JIHCb y Hac'b qacTHofi HHHI:~iaTHBt .n:ame B'b .n:tnt 6narornopeHisi:, B'b 6eautJihHOM'b CTpeMJieHiH «He nymaTh», IlOCBHTHJI'b OH'b CTaTblO «Paap03HeHHbIH CHJibI»; aBTOpCHOMY npaBy' .n:o CHX'b nop'b TOJIKye-MOMY B'b ymep6'b o6mecrny' HOTOpOMY' no npomecTBiH HtHOTO-paro cpoHa co CMepTH aBTopa, .n:onmHo npHHa.n:nemaTb ero yMCTBeH-uoe aacntnie, HaKD peayJILTaT'b rnopqecKoti: pa6oThI HaponHaro nyxa, IlOCBHll{eHa HM'b CTaTbH «I10CMepTHOe npOHBJieHie H npeeM-CTBeHHOCTh»; BOnpOC'b 0 paanyqeHiH cynpyroB'b, TOJibHO B"b npom-.ilOM'b rony norne.n:miti:, na H TO He B'b OTHpOBeHHOM'b BHJ:tt, a B'b BHJ:(t lf3MtHeHiA B'b nop11nHt BblJ:(aqH BHJ:(OB'b Ha ffiHTeJibCTBO, no Harnett Bepxuefi I1anaTbl, paapa6oTaH'b HM'b B'b cTaTht RH3Hh B'b ero nocntnHie, cHyno oT-cqHTaHHble cy.n:n6010 ro,n:bl, H3'b HOTOpbIX'b npH TOM'b 6bIJia meCTOHO yqTeHa B03MOffiHOCTb o6mecTBeHHOH nt.RTeJibHOCTH. .IJ:a H B'b HpaB-CTBeHHOM'b OTHomeHiH eMy 6hlJIO HenerHo... MneaJlbI MOJIOllOCTH 6blJIH paa6HTbl H(H3Hbl0 H MHOfHM'b yme HaaaJIHCb HenoHHTHbIMH 11 «HenpaKTHqHblMH»; 3H3M.R, no.n:'b HOTOpbIM'b C'b ropnoti Btpoti Bbl-CTYilHJI'b OH'b B'b iRH3HH, BO MHOrHX'b MtCTaX'b H30pBaHO, a B'b npy-rHX'b HE>yl\d>Jio H rpy6o aarnTOnaHo . Bee HpyroM'b 11aMi>HHJIOCb-H He H JiyqmeMy. H OH'b- «C'b rOJIOBbl .n:o HOM»> qeJIOBtH'b wecTH-.n:ec.RTblX'b ro.n:OB'b qacTO coaHaBaJI'b ce6.R OJ:(HHOKHM'b H He MOr'b yme CKaaaTb cnoBaMH no3Ta: «H
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18 I'O.llOCb l'1L1Hyewa20 .
Tpion. 11 rpamnaHl1H'b. 0 HacTpoeHil1, B'b nOTOpOM'b 6hrna OHa Ha-n11caHa, CB11ni>TeJihcrnyeTo an11rpacpo: «Erloschen sind die hei t ern Sonnen die meiner Jugend Pfad erhellt» ...
Ho crnpoMy cyne6HoMy ni>.m emo He yna:roch mal\b aaKOH'll1Th . . . 3a necHTh nHeii ;::i:o CMepni: eMy ell(e npHllIJIOCh Han11caTh CTaTh!O «3aHpbITOe o6ll(eCTBO», B'b KOTopoil: OH'b ropHqo npoTeCTOBaJI'b npo-
THB'b aaRpbrTiH M11Hl1CTpOM'b HaponHaro npoCBi>ll(eHiH IOp11n11qe-cHaro 0 6ll(ecrna npH MOCKOBCKOM'b y H11Bepc11TeTi> 3a pi>'Ih , np0113-
HeceHHYIO npenci>naTeJieMo ero M y poMueBhIM'b Ha Tiyurn11HCKOM1> ro611Jiei>, H np11BOU11JI'b coo6pameHiH, H3JIOIBCHHbIH B'b maJio6i> CBOCH Ha 3TO pacnopHmeHie CeHaTy.
EJiaroponHhril: 6oeuo aa Cyne6Hhre YcrnBhr He nomHJI'b no Ha-
lllHX'b nHefi. Ero BCTpeBomeHHaH nyllla ycnoKOl1JI3Ch 6bl , yaHaB'b, 'ITO TPYUbI MypaBbCBCKOit HoMHcci11 He rroJiyq11JI11 xona H «requies-cant in pace»,- lJTO cyne6Ha.R BJiaCTh 3CMCKl1X'b Hal!aJihHMl\OB'b
ynpaanHeHa, M BbI6opHhie MHpOBbie cy;::i:hH B03CT3HOBJieHbl C'b 6oJii>e 06lll11pHOH, qi;M'b rrpemne, IlOJlCYJlHOCThIO, 11 qTQ focynapCTBeHHOfi
,:O:y111oil: y me YTBepmneHo rrpoeKTo oTMi>HhI coen11HeHiH cni>ncrneH-Hoil: M cy ne6Hoil: BJI3CTM B'b O)lHOM'b JIHL{i>.
EmrnoMhilllJICHHhrtt co 06HMHCKl1Mo Bo y6i>mneHiHxo H no6ymne-Hi.RX'b, Bo 11neaJiaxo 11 ui>nHxo, I'pu20pii1 AeemoBWlb J(;w;amuieeo OTJIH'IaJICH OT'b Hero CBOHCTaMl1 CBOeil: rrpHpOJlbl M xapaKTepOM'b CBOCH
J:li>.RTeJihHOCTl1. 3TO 6hIJI'b 'ICJIOBi>K'b npyroro TeMnepaMeHTa' 6oJii>e cTpacTHbiit 11 BrretJaTn11TeJihHblH. TaMo, r.r:rt 06H l1HCKii1: cnoKottHo
pa3BHBaJI'b CBOM B3rJIHUhl , OTMi>'IaH XOJIO)lHb!M'b ca pKa3MOM1> TO, 'ITO MM'b rpy6o npoT11Bopi;q11JIO 11Ji l1 MX'b OCKOp6JIHJIO' ,:O:maHlllieB'b IlbI-JiaJI'b TpynHo cnepIBHB3CMbIM'b Her ono BaHieM'b M cni>lll11JI'b BblCKa-
3aThCH ropHqMM'b CJIOBOM'b, ITOJlKpi>nJIHCMbIM'b L{HTaTal\111' cpaBHC-Himrn 11 TI03TMl!eCKHMH o6pa33Ml1. 'lieJioBi>K'b pa3HOCTOpOHHC M rny-
60KO o6pa30B3HHbIH, OH'b qepnaJI'b H3'b 6oraTaro 3anaca CBOCH Bhl -
naroll(eiicH naMHTM MCTop11qecRie H qmnococpcRie apryMeHThl , npHMi>phr
H cpaBHeHiH, ynpalllaBlllie ero OCHOBHYIO MbICJih H nepem1eTaBllliCCH C'b Hero . Bo ero ornorneHiH K'b pecpopMa1110 AneRcaHJ:lpa II, o6Ho-Bl1Bllll1M'b 11 npeo6pa3HBllI11M'b o6ll(eCTBeHHhril: 6hIT1> PocciH, HeyMoJitJHO CJlbllll3JIHCh BOCXHll(CHie H peBH11BaH TpeBora JII06Hll(3ro cepnua. TioCBHTMB'b nO'IHI BCIO CBOIO ni>HTCJibHOCTh HCTOpiH 3Tl1X'b npeo6pa-30BaHitt, OH'b HC C)li>JiaJICH MCTOpHKOM'b-Jii>TOilHCI.{eM'b, KOTOpblil «cno-
KOtiHO 3pHT'b Ha rrpaBbIX'b M Bl1HOBHbIX'b», a nocTaBMJI'b ce6i> 3ana-qefi 33Kpi>nHTh no CBi>IBMM'b cn i>.r:raM'b if\HBOC npenaHie o6'b 3IlOXi>
H CH Ui>HTeJIHX'b. ,:0:JIH 3TOrO OH'b 6hIJI1> HeyTOMMM'b HC TOJ!bKO B'b pa3-6opi; 11 pa3pa6onrt. apX11BHblX'b MaTepia.TJOB'b, HO H B'b OTblCnaHiH,
Bbipama.RCb CJIOBa'HM «PycCl\OH TipaBJJ,bI» , BH)lOl\OB'b H noc.1yxoB'b
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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JI a cJ1y:HC610 Cyoe6Hbl.M.o J1 cmaea.M.o. 19
H B'b paacnpoci> HX'L. oTo, ecJrn MOIBHO TaH'b Bbrpa3HThCH, npo-H3BOll:CTBO . CJii>;a;CTBiR npH;a;aJio oco6y10 H\H3HeHHOCTb ero netfaT-.HblM'b TpynaM'b, o6oraTHJIO HX'L HHTepeCHbIMH no;a;poOHOCTHMH H ;a;aJIO eMy B03MOffiHOCTh nosi>naTh tfHTaTeJIHM'b 0 ;a;yrneBHOM'L Cl\Jiani> H m11TeitcHHX'b ucnhITaniHX'L onuchrnaeMbIX'b HM'b ;a;i>HTeJietl:. Ono
HCKaJI'b 3Hal\OMCTBa H JIHtfHblX'b CBH;a;auitl: C'b HHMH' HJIH C'b Ti>MH' HTO HX'b 6JIH3HO auaJI'b, ocTaBJIHH B'L nepBhIX'h, HaK'b, uanpm1i>p'b, B'h Ap~HMOBHtfi>, 3apynnoM'b, PosuncHOM'h H CToHHOBCHOM'h, sne-qaTJii>uie tfeJIOBi>Ha, y111irnrnaro B'b M.Rfl\Otl: H ;a;eJIHl\aTHOH cpopMi> B.bl3BaTh HX'b ua BOCnOMHHaHiH 0 CBi>TJihlX'b ro;a;ax'b JIYtfllieit nopbl HX'L
.Jrl;HTeJihHOCTH u ero nocni>;a;oBaTeJihHhIX'b peopM'b. :oTHMH MOHorpaiHMH B'b o6mecTBeHHOM'b coanaHiH aaHpi>mrnJiaCb naMHTh 0 no6pblX'b paJrl;TeJI.RX'b ua il\HTettc1wtl: HHBi> H OCTaBJIHJICH
npo'IHhltt, o6paau.blit CJirBJJ:'h B'b nyrni> Ti>x'h, KTO 6bIJI'b cnoco6eH'b npHCJiyrnaTbC.R R'h roJiocy aBTopa. Ero HeJib3.R ObIJIO o6BHHHTb B'b HeBi>pHOM'b H3JIO)l{eHiH al\TOB'b, HO HHOrna ero ynpeKam1 B'b TOM'b, tfTO OH'b roBopnJio o6'h H3JII06JieHHhIX'b HM'b ni>HTeJIHX'L H HX'h 06-mecTBeHHhIX'b aacJiyrax'b B'b B03BhIWeHHOM'b H XBaJie6HOM'b TOHi>. Ho TOH'b aToT'h 6hlJI'L, onHaKo, BnOJIHi> HCHpeHHitl:. M B'h qacTHott 6e-ci>Jrl; C'b ,r:(mauwieBbIM'b, H B'b rOJIOCi> ero BO BpeMH ny6JIHtfHblX'b tITe-Hiit tfYBCTBOBaJICH TOT'b BHyTpeHHiil orOHb, l\OTOpblit He3aBHCHMO
mrn aBrnpa Bhlpbieanc.R Ha 6yMary H corpi>BaJiu ero OT3bIBhI. Ilpu-·ToMD ,r:(maHwieB'b 6hIJI'b cnoco6eH'b u Ha cypoBhI.R xapaKTepHCTHKH . . ,r:(ocraTOtIHO npHiiOMHHTh xoTH 6b1 ero OT3bIBhI o rpaaxo IlauuHi> u .n;. A. ToJICTOM'b u o BaJiyeBi> B'b cTaTh.RX'b 060 ocB06omneui11 HpeCThHH'b, OTMi>Hi> Ti>JleCHbIX'b HaHa3aHitl:, 0 ueuaypHoi!: H cy;a;e6HOH peop111ax'b. Ha1toueu'b, TaRD nu y uac'b tiaCThI H aaypR;a;HhI cotiyB-CTBeHnble H .npH TOM'L aacnymeHHbie OT3bIBbl 001> o6mecTBeHHblX'b ;a;i>HTeJI.RX'h? He npeo6nanaIOT'b JIH name u B'b 6JiarocHJIOHHhIX'b outH-Hax'b paapymaiomiR HX'b no6aBHH, HatIHHaIOLUiRCH CJIOBa~m «HO» u «XOTH»? Ilo CBoe111y Te111nepa111eHTY ,r:(maHrnieB'b He 6bIJI'b cnoco6eH'b Ha HeonpentJieHHOCTh, oroBOpHH H HenoMOJIBHH' H HD HeMy HeJib3H OhlJIO npuMi>HHTh CJIOB'b AnoHaJiuncHca: «3HaIO ni>Jia TBOH: Thi He XOJIOJJ:eH'b H He ropHti'b, Thi TOJibHO TeneJI'b».
CaMhlM'b Bhlna10mHMCH TpynoM'b ,r:(maHrnieBa 6eacnopHo cJii>-nyen np11auaTb ero HHHry: «onoxa BemrnHx'h peopM'h». Tpynuo yHaaaTh cpenu pa6oT'h no HCTopiH Hamero aaHono;a;aTeJihCTBa 60-ni>e HmByIO, nocrynHyIO no H3JIOmeuiIO H npOHHIM'b am. He-
2*
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
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20 I'oJloco MuHyBwaw.
napoM'h oua B'b nepBbie '!eTblpe rona C'b CBoero noHBJieHiH BbIJ1.ep-mana rneCTb H3)1.aHiit H3'b CeMH, B'b o6meM'b KOJil1'!ecrnt OKOJIO )1.Bt-uanuaTH TbICH'!D ::nrneMmrnpoB'h. RaKOB'b 6b1 HH 6bIJI'b Kpyroaopo H o6oeM'b aana'IH 6ynymaro HCTOpHKa PocciH B'b nepio;a:'b npeo6paao-eauHt rneCTH)l.eCHTbIX'b H nepnotl: IlOJIOBHHbl ce11mneCHTblX'b fO)l.OB'b, OH'b ue o6o:t:l:neTCR 6ea'b cnpaBOK'b C'b 3TO:t:l: aaMt'!aTe:IbHOit HHHfOM' B'b KOTopoit T11.taTeJlhHOe H3JIOIBeHie xona aa:KOHO)l.aTeJibHbIX'b pa60T'b nepenJieTaeTCR C'b 11pmnur o6paaaMH pa60THHHOB'b 11 C'b OTrOJIOCKal\rn JIHTepaTypHbIX'b MHtuiH. Ilpeno 'IHTaTeJieM'b npoXO)l.HT'b ;a:titCTBH-TeJihHO BCR anoxa BeJIHKHX'b peqiopM'b C'b BbI3BaBlIIHMH HX'b npH-'IHHaMH H no6ymneuiRMH, C'b ynopuoit 6opb6otl: nporne'b HHX'b aa CTapoe H OTHmBaromee H co crpeMJieHiRMM CBeCTH IiX'b «Ha-HtT'b», KOrna out CBeplIIMJIHCb. 11 B'b aaKJIIO'!euie 3By'!aT'b-TpH3Ha no TtM'b H3'b yrne)l.lIIHX'b, '!bH >f\H3Hb 6blJia CBH3aHa C'b HX'b ocymeCTBJieHieM'b, 11 npHetT'b ocTaI011.tHMCH B'b IBHBbIX'b. Bo o6meM'b oua npoH3BOJ1.HT'b 6onp11mee eneqaTntuie H 6yJl:HT'b etpy B'b To, tJTO TaKaR :moxa ue TOJibRO MOIBeT'b, HO H Jl:OJIIBH3 IIOBTOpHTbCR. l\HHra IlOCBRmeua rpa-HOBCROMY H BtJIMHCROMY. R'b naMHTH ROTOpbIX'b )J;HrnHrnieB'b OTHO-CHJICR C'b 6naroroetuieM'b. «ECTb HMeHa,-rOBOpHT'b )J;IBaurnieBb no noeony Btn11ucKaro,-np11 npoHaHeceHiH ROTOpbIX'b ueeoJihHO o6uamaeTCR roJioBal EcTh IIHCaTeJIH, IBH3Hb H TBOpeHiR KOTOpbIX'b T3H1> '!HCTbl H BO.:;!BbIIlleHHbI, 'ITO 'Ii>M'b 60Jibllle C'b HHMH 3H3RO-MHlllbCH, TtM'b 6QJibllie npomrnae1IIhCR RD HHM'b yeameHieM'b, ymr-BJieHieM'b, notJTH 6naroroBtuieM'b. TaKiR HMeua KaK'b 6hl O'IH11.ta1on qenoBtKa, ueurpanuay10To ece, 'ITO ecTb B'b HeM'b MeJIKaro, HH3MeH-uaro, MYTHaro H, uanoJIHHR coaHaTeJihHbIM'b yMuneuieM'b cepnua IIO'IHTaTeneit, Bblpb1B8IOT'b )'.{3Hb HeB01IbHaro yBaffieHiR name y Bpa-rOB'b». CrnpHHHhlit npieMn n0Mtmeui11 npeno Ramnoit rnanoit yMtno nono6paHHhlX'b an11rpaqionn npunaeT'b aTOtl: rrnwrt utcm1JibKO He06bI'IHblH, MHJiblit BH)'.{'b, H8IIOMHH8IOll.ti:t:l: TpHJl:U8Tbie H copO.KOBbie rOJU,I. IloJIOBHHa noxona C'b IIOCJitJJ:HHX'b H3)'.{auiit «3noxu BeJIHKHXJ> peqiopM'b» npeJ1.H33H3'!eHa 6bIJI3 Ha 6JiarOTBOpHTeJibHbIR ut.1rn. TaHHM'b o6paaoM'b, onHCbIBaR ffiH3Hb H Tpyno coaHnaTe;;ieJ;I: 3THXb pecf>opMn, ,JJ;mauIIIieen npio6maJI'b HX'b Kn no6po111y ;a:tny H nocnt HX'b CMepTH. Oco6euuoro ero mo6oBbIO Memny HMMH noJibaoea.rrcH TaR'b MHoro ci:dmaerniit Jl:JIH cyne6uo:t:l: pecpopMbI Ceprtit l1eauo-BH'l'b 3apyJJ:Hbitl:. Co rny6oRHM'b yBameuieMn ocrnuaenweancH J:{maHIIIieB'b Ha ero IIJIO)'.{OTBOpHoli: 331\0HO)'.{aTeJibHOit ;a:tHTeJibHOCTH B'b nonroTOBJieHiH KpeCTbRHCKOit H cyne6uoit peqiop:M'b H C'b oco-6hlM'b yqacTieM'b ua ero Tpar11qec1
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Ha cJ1yJ1C6Tb Cyae6HblMo Y cmaea.Mo. 21
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61116m10TeKa "PyHHBepc"
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22 I'o11oco Mw-~yBwazo.
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rttx'h u l\lHOfHX'h JitT'h He ObIJIO CAtJiaHo H11qero mm y.r.iyqllleH i R
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Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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Ha cJ1yJ1C610 Cyoe61-tb1.wo J!cmaea.wo. 23
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nte OCTpoe, 1ITO 6bIJ!O np0113HeceHO Cb He06bI1IHblMb Bb no:uo6Haro po:ua aa1m1011eHiHXb naeoCOMb 11 HCXO):UfJIO OTb aBTOp11TeTHaro 11
BHJIHaro npe:ucrns11TeJIH cy:ueoHa ro BtJioMCTBa. He :uapoMb npo-Tl1Bb ;noro 3amuo11eHiH Bb!CTynHJib co BCei:f CHJIOM CBOero TaJiaHTa
11 apryMeHrnui11 3HaMeHHTbii1 Cnacos1111b, np1rnHaBb TtMb caMbIMb
on1116011HocTb CBoero crnparo B3rJIH.ua Ha 3TOTb cyJI"h 11 y:uocTo-
stp11Bb ero BbICOROe 6b1Tosoe 11 npasosoe 3Ha11eHie. I1ocnt:uy10miH
:uecHTb JitTb npolllJIH JIJIH 3Toro cy:ua cpaBHHTeJibHO 6naronony11Ho.
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TOHKYIO 11 BOcnpi11M1111sy10 opraHirnaui10, JIJIH npaBHJihHOM pa6oThr
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Haro Bep:umna TaMb, r.ut Kb HecoseprneHcrny yronosHaro aaKoHa
np11coeJIMHHeTCH Heo6nyMaHHaH l1JII1 HenpaBHJlhHaH IlOCTaHOBK3
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COCTaBb 11 cyI.UHOCTb npecTymreHiH, a npeno:uaIOTCH npespaTHbIH
IlOHHTiH 0 ero 3Ha11eHiH' r:ut CTpacTHOCTb 11 Jil11IHhIH npepeKaHiH
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r:ut Bb JitJIO HaHOCMTCH Macca HeHymttaro MaTepiaJia, yTO:r.-1JIHIOIUaro
11 OTBJieHa10maro BHHMaHie OTb cyIUHocn1 :utna, 11 r:ut, 6naro:uapH
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noTepntBlll11Mb MtHHIDTCH pOJIHMH . .Il:aHHOe Bb 3TOMb CMblCJit aa-
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,UoBHapa, np11BeJ10 AmattrnieBa B'h TporaTeJibHoe BOCXHIUeHie.
BHJIH Bb HeMb He 6e3b OCHOBaHiH CTpeMJJeHie nepeHeCTl1 ueHTpb TH-
meCTM 06BMHeHiH npMCHlliHb!Xb Bb noCTaHOBJieHiH ptrneHiH' Heco-
niacHaro co cnpaBeJl)ll1BOCTbIO, Ha :uti1CTBI1TeJJbHO BHHOBHblX'b Bb HenpaBMJJbHOMb Be,J:(eHiH JitJra, 1ia1111HaH Cb npe:uBap11TeJJhHaro
CJitJICTBiH, OHb Ha3bIBaJrb 3TO aam11011eHie Bb IlMCbMt Kb Tor:uarn-
HeMy o6epb-npoHypopy 11 Bb CTaTht B'h «PyccRMXb Bt:uoMOCTHXb» Ha1Il1H3ID1Ul1Mb 3IlOXY Bb JitHTeJJbHOCTH RaccauioHHaro cy:ua (Epo-
chenmachendes). 06pa30B3HHaH 3aT'BM'b KOMHCCiH 0 nepeCMOTpt
Cy:ue6HbIXb YcTanoBb, noJib npe:uct.uaTeJibCTBOMb cTaTcb-CeKpernpH
Mypasbesa, Boa6y.u11Jra Bb ,EJ:maHlllieBt 6oJJbIUiH ynoBaHiH. 0Hb
Ha.UtHJICH, 1ITO OHa 3aKptnHTb OKOH1IaTeJibHO Bb pyccJ\Ott H\113HH
.1110611MyIO 11Mb cpopMy cy:ua 11 Bb 061llMpHoii CTaTht Bb «Pyccm1xb
Bt.uoMOCTHXb» socTopmeHHO np1rntTCTBOBaJib oT11eTb o contma-
Hi11 crnplllMXb npe:uct.uaTeJieti 11 npoKypopOBb Cy.ue6HbIXb I1anan
0 JIOCTOHHCTBaXb 11 HeJIOCTaTRaXb cy.ua npHCHffiHblXb 11 cy.ua Cb co-
C'10BHb!MI1 npeJICTaBI1TeJimrn' npOI1CXOJI!1BIUeMb IlOJib npe.uct.ua-
61116m10TeKa "PyHHBepc"
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Ha c;1y:>te6rb Cyoe6Ho1Mb Y cma6a.Mb. 25
TeJihCTBOMb mm1yruaro 3TH cTpoK11 Bb n:e1rn6pt 1894 ron:a. 11, n:ti1-CTBHTeJihHO , He MOrJIO He I\a3aThCR, qTo BOilpOCb 0 npoqHOCTH cyn:a
npHCRlliHh!Xb JJ:OJIIBeHb 6hITh p aaptrneHb yrnepn:HTeJibHO H 6ea-
IlOBOpOTHO nocJit Toro, KaKb costruaHie , nocJit Tpexn:HeBHaro 06-. MtHa 1"IHtHiH, rrpH3HaJio, qTQ «3TOTb ifU!3HeHHhIH cyn:b, HMt1oruHi
06Jiaropaam sa1omee BJiiRHie Ha Hapon:Hy IO HpascTBeHHOCTb, cny-mamiH: npoBOJJ:HH KOMb 1rnpon:Haro npaBOC03HaHiR, He TOJihKO He
JJ:OJIIBeHb OTOHTl1 Bb o6JiaCTh npen:aHiH, HO, HanpOTHBb, y KptnHTbCR
Bb Harnett IBl13Hl1. PyccKiH np11cRIBHhIH 3actn:aTeJih, Bb oco6eHH ocT 11
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myro eMy TRmeJihIH TPYJJ:b 11 MaTepianhHhIR ;;mrneHiR, aa o6paaa, qeCTHO 11 CTOHKO BhlHOCHTb TOTb OilhlTb, KOTOpOMY ero n on:sepn,
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rnieB'b IlHCaJib: «,[(aBHO y me HHqero He npHXOJJ:HJIOCh qHTaTh Cb Ta-
KHM'b OTpaJJ:HhlMb qy BCTBOM'b; CTOCKOBaBIIIaRCR, 6JIH3Ka.R K'b OTl{aR-HiIO, n:y rna Ha q1rnaeTb OKpbIJI.RThCR Han:emn:aM11» ...
Ho p an:ocTh ,[(maHrnieBa 6uma on:HaKo npemn:espeMeHHa. He
npOIIIJIO H ron:a, KaKb HaCTpoeHie qyTKaro K'b BtRHiRMb BpeMeHH
py1msomne.ITR l\ol\mcci11 HaMtHHJIOCb KopeHHhIMb o6paaoMb, 11
TOqHO no c11rHan y HaqaJICR Bb 1op11n:11qeCKOH neqaTl1 ptrnHTeJihHhIH
IlOXOJJ:b n pOTl1Bb cyn:a npHCRIBHhlXb, aTaKOBaHHaro Cb pa3HhlXb
CTOpOH'b cyn:e6Hh!Ml1 n:tRTeJIRMH' aaH11MaBIIIl1MH BHJJ:HOe cnyme61rne
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6hIJIH ropaano onacH te, HecMoTp.R Ha cBo IO cpasH11TeJibHO cn:epmaH -
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cyn;bH 11 crnp rnaro !OpHCKOHCYJibTa MifHl1CTepcrna IOCTHl.{i H--6hlTb
He MOrJIO , npHXOUHJIH K b aa1mIO'leH iIO 0 Henp11ron:HOCTH . ,I(soe
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np11CRIBHhIXb. MomHo 6b!JIO He cor~rrarnaThCR C'b HHM11 11 noneM11a11-
posaTb CilOKOMHO , comaJitR J111llib 0 TOMb, qTo y cyn:a npHC.RIBHhlXb
Bb TO speMR, Korn:a OHb J\a3aJICR ynpoqeHHb!Mb , RBl1Jil1Ch CTpacTHbie npoTHBHHK11, OTp11uasrnie aa HHM'b Bb 3H aq11TeJibHOM CTeneHH CaMoe
npaBo cymecTBOBaHi R B'b TOM'b BHJJ:t, KaKb OHO HaqepTaHO COCTaBH -
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
-
26 I'o.wco J.11llHY6WG
TeJHIMH Cy.ri:e6HhIX'h Y CTaBOB'h. Bn .ri:pyrott 0Hpac1d; npe.ri:cTaBI1'!CH
TpeTitt aBTOpn 11. TI. 3aIHeHbI no JJ.OCTOl1H-
CTBY B'h noRB11Blll11xcH aarlMb CTaTbHX'h CJ1yqeBcHaro 11 ApceHbeBa
11 B'h pHJJ.t. pi;qeit, npo11aHeceHHh!X'h B'b Hap0'111TO ycTpoeHHOMb
3act.naHiM neTep6yprcHaro 10p11n11qecHaro o6mecrna. Ho 6porn10pa
,UmaHrnieBa He yTpaT11.rra OT'h 3Toro cBoero B03BbIWeHHaro xapa-
I
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Ha c.11y:>1c6Tb Cyae6Hut.Mb YcmaBa.Mb. 27
cwl>n:yeT'h ;;ui: coxpaHMTb Ha 6yn:yr.uee Bpej\rn cyn:n npucRiRHhIX'h,
OH'h B'b pa3pl>3'h Cb l\MlUfHhlM'h 11 ,Uei1Tp11XOM'h, rrpmrnn:yurno 3a-
RBl1Bll111MM, qTo OCTaIOTCR np11 BblCKa3aHHhlX'b HMM B'b neqaTM MHi>-
HiRX'b, BHe3anHO onm3aJICH OT'b CBOero HOBaro B3rJIRJla 11 3aRBHJI'b,
'ITO ero Rp11nrna cyna np11cHIBHhlX'h OhIJia JIMlllh meopemu'leow20 CBO:iiCT8a 11 qTo OH'L nonaeT'b roJIOC'h aa coxpaHeHie 3TOM cpopMhI cyna
8'b Pocci11 .
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CTORT'h HOBblR HCnhITaHiR, 3acTaBJIRIOIUiR onacaThCR 3a ero npoq-
HOCTb. Bn 3TOM Mh!CJIM Memny npol!MM'h yxpi>rrnReT'b pi>% HacToR-
r.uaro MMHMCTpa IOCTl1I(il1 11. f. J.U:ernOBl1TOBa B'b focynapcTBeH-HOM'b CoBi>Ti> no 3aRoHonpoeRTY o rropHJll\i> rrpecni>noBaHiR 3a
npecTym1eHiR IIO Jl0JIH\HOCTl1, B'h l\OTopotl: OH'h pRJlOM'h BCeCTO-
pOHHMX'b JlOBOJJ:OB'h OTCTal18aJI'b npHHHTOe focynapcTBeHHOM ,UyMOM
8038pameHie K'b crnpoMy nopHJlKY Cyn:eoHhIX'b YcrnBOB'h, cocTORB-
meMy 81> TOM'h, '-ITO CYJlhRMH no BCi>M'L BamHhIM'b npecTynneHiRM'L
JlOJiiRHOCTH RBJIRJi l1Ch npHCHIBHhie 3aci>naTen11. Er.ue B1> Hal!an·l;
. }leBR:Tl1COThIX'h roJJ:OB'b B'h 10pHJlJ1lieCI\HX'h Kpyrax'b Bhl3BaJIO oco-
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Hie no ni>ny CeMeHona, OROHl!aTeJihHO pa31>RCHl1Blllee mHpOKoe 11
rnyooKoe 3Ha l!eHie CJIOBa «Bl1HOBeH'h» 11 «He Bl1HOBeH'b» B'h Bep-
Jll1HTi> np11cRmHhIX'h. HenaBHRR CTaThR ero B'h mypHaJii> M11H11-
cTepcT8a IOcT11 ui11 noBi>CTByeT1> o HOBhIX'h nonhITHaxn 113Mi>HMTh
nocTaH08HY npHcRmHaro cyna 81> 3arranHoi1 EBponi> 11 paa611paerL
co CTporoil Kp1n~rnott co8peMeHHhIR cpaJibCHcp11Haui11 cyna np11cRm-
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11CTHHHaro cyna npeJlCTaBHTeJiett o6r.uecTBeHHOH COBi>CTH OCTaeTCR
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cnymHJI'b TOMY Bl1JlY cyna, B'h HOTOpbIH OH'h yBi>poBam, B'h ero CBi>T-
Jihie JlHH 11 HOTOpO:'VIY OCTaBaJICR Bi>peH'b , Korna 3TOT'h CYJl1> «Oopi>-
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Tal:\HMM «nepern6aTeJibHblMH JlYXOM'h» cy;:xe6HhIMH Jli>RTeJIRM11, IWR'h
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Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
-
28 I'olloco MuHyewazo.
npasocyJJ:iH. Cy:ne6Hb1e Y CTaBhI noxonmm Ha 06umpHy10 nocrpoitHy, ne:rn:qeCTBeHHYIO B'b IltJIOM'b, BbIJJ:epmaHHYIO B'b CBOHX'b OTJJ:i>Jih-HbiX'b 11aCTHX'b, rosopHBllIYIO BCeit csoefi COBOHynHOCTbIO 0 BblC0-1\1-IX'b 11 umpoKHX'b aaMbICJiaX'b crpo1neJIH. Ho BHyrpn e11 nomKHhI ObI.:JH npeobmaTb H nttiCTBOBaTb JIIOJ];H, np11cymi11 KOTOpblM'b BOOoll.le CBOitCTBa MOrJIH flOJJ;'laC'b HTTH B'b paapt3'b He TOJibKO C'b aaMblCJIOM'b, no H C'b JJ;ostpieM'b crpoHTeJIH. Bl> aana11y nocJrl>nu11ro, onHaKo, ne BXO)l;HJIO H He MOrJIO BXOJJ:HTb ua11eprauie noJJ:pOOHOCTeit noBeJJ;e-HiH 3THX'b moneH. Ou'b MOI"h .rrnmh orpaHH'IHTbCH caMbIMH oomHMH yKaaaHiHMH ua o6paa'b HX'h ntncrni11. Memny rtMo ueo6xoJJ;HMo Ohl.llO rapMOHH11ecHoe coorstrcrsie se.rrn11asocn1 ananiH C'b roil iRH3HbIO, KOTopa11 npoucxonHT'b BHYTPH ero. Orcxona B03HHKJia He-o6xoJJ:HMOCTb rmareJibHaro uay11eHiH KopeHHblX'b ocuoB'h noneJJ;e-HiH JIHil'b, npH3BaHHblX'b COJJ;til:CTBOBaTb ornpasJieHiIO npasocyJJ:iH. 3To noseJJ;euie He ecTb npocTaH cosoKynHOCTb nocrynHOB'b, cntnyio-IUHX'b OJJ:HH'b aa JJ:pyrnM'b B'h nopHJJ:Rt, Ha11epraHHOM'h Cyne6HhIMH YcrasaMH,-3TO cucreMaTH11ecKiil: H nocJii;nosaTeJibHbiil: pRJl'h ntR-Hiit, CBH3aHHbIX'L MeiRJJ:Y co6010 OJ];HHM'b H TtM'b me HpaBCTBeHHblM'L no6ymneHieM'L H OJlHOIO H TOIO me IltJibIO. l1HblMH CJIOBaMH' 3TO ·eCTb C03HaTeJibHblit o6pa3'L JJ;tticTBiil:, OJ];HHaKOBO npHMtHHMbiit HO BCtl'l1'b paaHoo6pa3HblM'L CJiy11aRM'b cyne6uo-6bITOBOit mH3HH. He npenn11caHiR noJiomureJibHaro aaKoua, a HpascrneHHhIR rpe6o-BaHiH ;nonmHhl urpaTb a;ntcb rnasHyIO ponh. Ha nepBOM'b miaut Tyn He non.1a, no 3T1rna. YKaaaniR Ha 01c1ym1eHiR Ttx'h mm JJ:py-rux'b cy;ne6HhIX'L :ntmeneit OT'h 3TH11ecHHX'L rpe6osaHiil:, BhITeRaIO-IUHX'L H3'b BHyTpeHHHro CMbICJia HX'b . npaBHJibHO DOHHMaeMblX'b .aa;na'l'L, pa3CblnaHbI BO MHOrHX'b CTaTbHX'b H aa111tTRaX'b ,[(maH-rniesa, noMtmeHHhlX'b B'L «PyccKHX'b BtnoMOCTRX'b». Ho C'b oco-·6eHHOIO 'IYTROCTblO B'b 3TOM'b CMblC;rt OTHOCHJICH OH'b K'b 3TU'le-CKHM'L ycJIOBiHM'b ;ntHTeJibHOCTH aJJ;BOKaTypb!. 3ra ntRTe.ITbHOCTb B'b BHllY CJIOmHblX'b H MHOropa3JIH'IHbIX'L OTHOWeHiH aamHTHHKa H flOBtpeHHaro Kb CBOeMy R.rrieuTy, llOBtpHTeJIIO H K'b OOll.leCTBY npe;ncTaBJIReT'b MHOro DOBOJ];OB'b llJIH npell'bHBJieHiH rpe6osaHiH' noqepnHyThIX'L H3'L o6nacrn HpascrneHHOit. I(tJ1h1it pRll'b o6mux'b H 11aCTHbIX'b eonpoCOB'b Bbl3bIBaeTCH pa3H006paaieM'b B3rJIHllOB'b Ha lltHTeJibHOCTb aJJ:BOl\aTa. IJo MHtHilO OJ];HHX'b 3Ta lli>RTeJibHOCTb eCTh o6mecTeeuuoe cnymeHie: annoKaT'L nonmeH'b OhITb vir bonus, dicendi peritus, eoopymeHHbIH aHaHieM'b H nen0Koae611Moil: 11ec1-HOCThIO, yl'ldpeHHLlit B'L npie111axo, 11yiRJJ:bIH l\OpbICTH, HeaaBHCH-Mblit B'L y6tmneniHX'L, CTOitKin B'b HCDOJIHeHiH CBOHX'b OOH3aH-HOCTeit. 0H'b npaeoaacrynHHK'l>, HO He cnyra cnoero m1ieHra 11 He noco6H1nn, eMy Bl> c1pe11meHiH I\'h HenpaeoMy npHOb!TKY HJJH K'b
.Yxony OT'L aac.::iymeHHoit Kapbl npaeocyni11. Byny 1111 JJ:pyroM'L H
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
-
Ha 01y:J1c610 Cyoe6Hb1Mo Ycm aeaMb. 29
COB'BTHHKOM'b qeJIOil'Ef\a' TIOMOlUb KOTOpOMY OH'b npHHRJTb Ha ce6R'
OH'b B'b TO me Bpe11rn B'b CBOeM'b Tpynt RBJlHeTCR CJiyroIO rocynap-CTBa H He J:(OJIIBeH'b nti1:CTBOB3Tb BO Bpeni, ero HpaBCTBeHHblM'b HH-
Tepeca111u. AnBoKaTi,, no MHirn iio npyr11x'h, eCTb npoHSBOJJJITeJrh
Tpyna, COCTaBJIH!OI.Uaro H3BtCTHYIO 1r!rnHOCTb, onJiaq11saeMy10 3!-\Bl1-
B3JieHTOM'b B'b 3aBHCHJ\IOCTH OT'b n1mecn1 Tpyna H cnoco6H OCTH pa-
6oTHHKa. lfaK'b )lJIR Bpa qa B'b ero npaKTHqeCKOH ntHTeJibHOCTll
He MOIBeT'b 6bITb nypHbIX'b H xopollIHX'b monei1: , aacJiymeHHblX'b
11 He3acnymeHHbIX'h 6oJitaHei1:, a ecTb JIHillb 60JibHb1e, Hymna10-
u~iecH B'b IlOMOlUH' TaJn, 11 J:(JIR 331.UHTHHKa Hi>T'b q11CTblX'b H rpH3-
HbIX'b, npaBblX'b ll HenpaBblX'b nt.TI'b, a eCTb JlHillb CJiyqa11 pa3Bl1Tb
CHJIY CBOI1X'b 3HaHii1: 11 TOHKOCTb CBOeH niaJieKTHl-UI' c11yma 6Jm-
mai1:11IHM'b HHTepecar.n KJiieHTa 11 He aarJIRJJ.brnaa Ha naJieKii1: ro-
p11aoHTb o6mecrneHHaro 6Jiara.
,I{J.IH ,I{maHwiena, KOHeqHo, He 6w10 Bb16opa Memny 3THMH
JlBYMH B3rJIHJ:(aMH H, BilOJIHt paantJIRH nepBbiti, OH'b He MOr'b HC
C03HaBaTb, KaKyJO onacHOCTb JlOJIIBH O npencTaBIHb llIHpOHOe BHi>-
npeHie BTOporo H3'b HHX'b B'b npieMbl 11 HpaBLI anBoKaTypb!. I1p11-
CJ'.lil\HbIH noBtpeHHLiti no Cync6HhIM'b YcrnBaM'b, npurnenllliH Ha
CMtHy CTapb!X'b xonarneB'b H JJ.i>JibUOB'b C'b aanHRro KpblJibUa, 6bIJI'b
BCTpt qeH'b 061.UHM'b coqyBCTBie11n, 11 B'b 061.UeCTBt' H B'b n eqaTH.
Ho ronhr TaKoro coqyBcTBiH BCKopt Ml1HOBaJI11 . 06mecrno crnJio
CMtlllHB3Tb npHCRIBHbIX'b noBtpeHHbIX'b C'b qacTHbIMH XO)laTaHMl1,
coanaHHbIMH noc:r b)lyJOIUHM'b 33KOH OJJ.aTeJibCTBOM'b , He HMi>IOlUHJ\!H
KOpnopaTHBHaro yCTpOHCTBa H BHOCllBllJHMH B'b cyne6HyIO npaH-
THRY Heptmw o6pan ni>H:cTBHi , He COOTBtTCTBOB3BllIHi TtM'b HpaB-
CTBeHHbIM'b Tpe6oBaHiHJll'b' KOTOpbIR MOIBHO npennRBJIHTb K'b anBo-
KaTy. A caT11p11qecKa a JIHTepaTypa, B'h HecnpaBenmrnoM'b 0606me-Hi11' Bbipa6ornJia HtCKOJibKO THilOB'b 11 coanaJia HtCKOJlbKO THnH-
qecm1X'b HaaBaHill, np11Mi>HHH HX'b «JJ.JIR KpacHaro cnonua» oryJibHO
KO Bceit anBoKaTypt. 3To 06061.UeHie 6hIJIO yme noToMy Hecnpa-senJIHBO , qTQ He CJitJJ.OBan:o aa6bIB3Tb npo llIHOr0'1tTHIOIO 6e3KOpb!CT-
HYIO nt11TeJ1bHOCTb npHCHIBHbIX't noBtpeHHbIX'b no 11rnomecrnt
ntn'b, BeJlOMbI X'L no nopyqeHiIO cyna. Bon, noqeMy ,I{mamniem,
C'b oco6oi1: TpeBorotl OTHOCHJICH K'b B03HHKaBllIHM'b Ha npaHTHKE
BOnpOC3l\'1'b G060KamCKOU OUCijUnllUHbl, 111emny KOTOpb!Mll , Ha nep-
BOM'b Mtcrt, C'b oco6oi1: OCTpOTOti B03HHKaJI'b BonpOC'b 0 BeneHiH
TaK'b HaabrnaeMbIX'b Henpa6blXo 010110 . fIBJIHHCb B'b CBOHX'b Tpynaxn
3aI.UHTHHKOM'b npann anBom\TCKaro COCJI:OBiR H OTCTa1rnaa HX'b B'b
ropH'IO HanucaHHbIX'b CTaTbHX'h H oco6bIX'b H3CJitnonaHiRX'b, 6ora-
TbIX'b cnpaBKa:.rn H3'b HCTOpiH aaKOHOJ:(aTenbCTBa , OH'b B'b TO me
BpeMH HaCTOi1:q1rno npenocTeperan:n anBoKaTypy OT'b 110arnaro To.1-
HOB.aHiJ'I .H npm1tHeHiH nOHHTiH 0 CB06ont B'b Bb!OOpt ni>JI'b H npie -
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
-
JO J'o.11oco MuHy6wa20.
:'llOB1> mur 11X'h ycnirnrnaro Be)leHiH. 0H'h CTaBl1JI'h npHCHil\HbIM'h
noBi>peHHbIM'h B'h HenpeMi>HHYIO o6H3aHHOCTb np11:uepm11BaTbCH HpaB-
CTBeHHbIX'h OCHOB'h B'h CBOei1 ni>HTeJibHOCTH, onacaHCb, l!TO aaMi>Ha
3THX1> OCHOB'h O)lHHMH npaRTHl!eCKHMH coo6pa meHiHMH 0 10puau-'llec1wii 603MOJ.ICHOCmU neCTH nimo He1"!l1HyeMO :uomima n p11BO:Ul1Tb }\b BHyTpeHHeMy H BHi>IIIHeMy n aneHiIO B'h o6I.l..leCTBt yBameHiH I-t'h
anaoRaTypt . Bn 3TOM1> npenycM0Tp11TenhHOM'h onacettitt cKa3hI-BancH HaCTOHIIdfi :upy rn tteo6xonuMaro :umr r a p a ttTiH npa aocy:uiH
yqpem:ueHiH B'h COBpeMeHHOM'h cynt, nocTpoeHHOM'h Ha CO CTH3aTeJib-
HOM'h Hallani>. ;r::J;mamuieB'h HCHO C03HaBaJI'h, l!TO HYIBHO HTTl1 K'h
np11Be:ueHiIO HpaBCTBeHHaro llYBCTBa nytIIIIeH qacTH 06I.l..leCTBa B'h
rapMOHiIO C'h 3a)lati a:MH 11 npieMaMH noBi>p eHHbIX'h 11 aaIAHTHHI\OB'h .
3Ta rapMOHiH HapyIIIaeTCff H MOii\eT'h o6paTl1TbCH B'b cnpaBeJJ:Jil1BYIO
TpeBory npn BHJ:li> Toro, Ral\'b aall.lHTa o66UH.ReMazo o6paI.l..laeTcH B'h aaI.QHTY npecmyn,1eHiR., Bl> ROTOpOM'b OH'b o6BHHffeTCH, mm: Hal\1, WHpORO onna qe1rnaH opaTopcRaff IIOMOI.l..lb oT:uaeTCH B'h TIOJib30Ba-
uie JRcm1yarnrnpy qymoit HYIBJJ:hI, np11Ti>cH11Ten10 cna6bIX'h, paa-
BpaTHTemo HeBl1HHblX'b, anl!HOMY HCRaTeJIIO «Henpaaentta r o np11-
6bITHa>> 11Jil1, Hal\oHeU'b, pacxHTHTeJIIO llYIBHX'h TpyJJ:OBblX'b c6epe-
meHiH. HecMoTpH Ha JTo, B'h nonoB11Hi> BOCbM11necHTbIX'h ronoB'h,
B'b cyne6HO-:UHCUHTIJI11Hap11oi1 npaITTHHt 6bIJI'b. BbICHaaaH'b B3r:IHJJ:'b '
llTO npHCHiKHbitt no Bi> peHHhIH, HOTopoMy Coai>TOM'h nopylleHo Be-
neHie lrl>na Jrnua' TIOJib3YIOI.QarocH npaBOM'b 6i>JJ:HOCTH' Hl1 B'h l\OeM'b
CJiyqat He MO/EeT'b OTRaaaTbCff OT'b npe,rni=rnneniH HCRa, XOTH 6bI
0H1> HaXOJJ:HJl'b OCHOBaHiff JJ:Jlff Hero rpH3HbIMH H B03MYTHTeJihHblMH .
Heaanonro nepe;:n JTHM'h npoIIIno no BCi>M'h 11HCTaHUiffM'h JJ:i>no
npncHmtta r o noBi>petttt a ro, np11 cym:uettnaro CoBi>TOM'h H'h HCRJIIO-
tiettiio H3'b COCJJOBiH HMeHHO aa Be:uettie HenpaBaro JJ:i>Jia . OTOT'b
TaJJaHTJIHBbli1 11 yqeHbIH, HO 11epaa6oplll1Bblil: B1, oui>nHt HpaB-
CTBeHHOH CTOpOHbl ni>na H HeonpHTHbIM B'b CBOl1X1> Ul1HlflieCHHX'b
npiel\rnX'h, anBoHaT'b JJ:ORaahrnano Ha cy:ui> , l!TO B'h nocTynHi> cTy-
neHTa, n pHHHHYBIIIarocH meHHXOM'b CTapoil 6oraTott meHI.l..lHHbl
H BbIMaHHBIIIaro y HeH JJ:eHbrH H JJ:OM'b, H3'b l\OToparo OH 'b ee aa-Ti>Mo BbirHa:n,, ntTn npHaHal:WB'b npecTynneHiff, HeCMOTpH Ha
HX1> «6eaHpaBCTBeHHOCTb H B03MYTHTeJibHOCTb». 3aTtM'h, OJJ:HaHO,
0H1> Bb!CTYTil1JI'b npoTHBHH ROM'h JTOH meHI.l..lHHbl B'b rpamnaHCl\OM'b
OT:ui>nettiu JToro me cyna, aa ll.l11I.l..laH npaBo Mon onoro , HO npeJJ:-npiu111q1rnaro UJlbfPOHca Ha aaHOHHoe an ani>ttie eH JJ:OMOM'h. Cy:ue6-1iaH Tianarn YTBepnuJrn nocrnHoBn ettie CoBi>Ta, Ho CeHaT'b OTMi>-
Hl1JI'h ero 3Ha lf11TeJibHblM'b 60JibIIIHHCTBOM'b rOJIOCOB1,, fl(} coo6pa-
meHiRM'h IJlopMa;rrbtt a r o cBoti:cTBa. T aHl1M'h o 6paaoM'b, BeneHi e He-
npaBblXl> JJ:i>JI'h' TIOBl1JJ:H MOMY' MOr;rro ClfHTaTbCff nonycTHMblM'b.
TipoTHBl> JToro Cb oco6oii: HaCTOii:lfHBOCTbIO B03CTa.'I'b ;r::J;maHIIIieB1.
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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Ha c.r1y:>1e610 Cyoe6Hbl.Mo Y cmaea.wo. 31
Bo 11cno.nHeHHhIX'h 11p0Hi11 11 cnpaaei:umaaro np0Tecn1 nayxn 6po-
1mopaxo, noJiy'IHBlllHX'h ru11po1we pacnpqcTpaHeHie. ,[(01\a3hrnaH,
'ITO cocTaBHTen11 Cyne6HhIX'h YcTaBOB'b HHKorna He HMi>JIH B'h BHJJ:Y
cTtCHHTb coBi;CTh np11cm1maro noai;peHHaro, B03JiaraH Ha Hero
. 6eayCJIOBHYIO o6irnaHHOCTb Becn1 BCHKOe ntJio JIHU:a, nOJ1h3YIO-
marocH npaBoMb 6tnHoCTH, a npenocrnsmrn CoBtTy npHCHiKHhIX'b noBtpeHHhIX'b npaBo OKOH'laTeJibHaro pi;weHiH Bonpoca o TOM'b,
HaCKOJibKO Bi;CKH JJ:OBOJJ:bl' npHBOJJ:HMble noBi;peHHb!M'b B'b onpa-
Bnanie CBoero OTKa3a OT'b npennHBJieHiH HCKa, - OH'b, BMtCT'B
c1, TtM'b, ropH'IO soapamaJn npoTHB'b «ceo6oobl omo nocmoR KaKHXb-JIH6o ;nwieCKHXb Ha'laJI'b» Bb npttHHTiH BeneHiH ni;Jia no
corJiarueHiro. «EnBa J1H nymHo noKa3bIBaTb,-n11cann OH'h ,-'ITO
.ecJIH yKopeHHTCH o6paTHblH B3rJJHJJ:'b Ha anBoKaTCKiH npoe, C'IHTaJI'b pa3CMOTptHie BbIClllHM'b cynoM'b l111mepiH Kacca-
u:ioHHblX'b maJI06'b npHCHffiHhlX'b noatpeHHbIX'b, np11cymneHHblX'b
l\'b HCKJIIO'leHiIO H3'b COCJIOBiH HJIH l\'b aanpeI.UeHilO npaKTHKH,-
Heo6xonHMOH rapaHTieil: HX'h npaB'b . Bo3pamaH BnOJIH 'B y6tn11-
TeJibHO npoTHB'h OTHaaa CeHaTa, aonpeHH ero npemHeti: npaKTHHt,
B'b npHHHTiH noi:i:o6HhIX'b maJI06'b , Hal\'b OTHOCHll.IHXCH K'b JJ:HCU:H-
nJIHHapHbIM'b, a He cyne6HhIM'h nima11-n, OH'h roBopmn: «Heymesrn .Mbl 3a nBanuaTb ntT'b HaCTOJibKO yTpaTHJIH cnoco6HOCTb nOHH-
MaTb HCTHHHhri1 nyxn Cyne6HbIX'b YcTaBOB'h, 'ITO MOif\HO cnopttTh
0 TOM'b, 'ITO JI HUY' noi:i:aeprrueMyCH IlOiKH3HeHHOMY JIHllleHilO npaaa H noJiomeHiH, npio6ptTeHHaro '1eTb1pexJii>THHM'h ymrnepcnTeT-CHHM'h HJpCOM'b y'leHiH, IlHTHJJtTHHM'b CTameM'b H MHOro.rri;THHM'b
ynopHbIM'h TPYJJ:OMo, Momen, 6bITb OTKasaHo B'b TaHofi 6eani>n11u:t,
B'b TaROH ::meMeHTapHOH rapaHTiH ' Kal\'b B03MOif\HOCTb o6pame-
.HiH Kb Bb1cwe111y Kaccau:ioHHOMY cyi:i:y. YJIH'IHblH 6yHH'h, np11ro-
BopeHHhiti l\'b xpaTKOBpeMeHHOMY apecTy 11•!11 wTpa
-
32 I'o.rioco Muttyewa20.
:rnmia)l'll1J:\1,, JrnllleHHhle npaBa 3aHl1!1JaThCH CBOl1M'b npOMhICJIOM'b' ~rnryn, 11c1:IOT0 name npasa manosaThCH CeHaTy I».
TaHo H np11TOM'b no pHJJ:Y npyrnxo sonpocoso, HacaBrnHxcH 1:
-
f. 'Pi . .ll»
-
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
-
HneonoriH repmattcKaro umnepianu3ma . . B» nocntmrin nee.RTL ntT» repMaHCKan KYJILTypa HaxonHJiach
RBHO IlOll'h SHaJ
-
34 I'oJZoco i\1uttyewa20.
mamrnxn ROJioHiH, coBepmeHHO Hecnoco6HbIX1> yp:oBJieTBop.RTb no-Tpe6HOCT.R!II1> CTpaHbl. IlyCTh name 3TH RO.lIOHiH cnoco6HbI Rn naJib-HtDmeMy pa3BHTiIO, OH'B He Bl> CHJiaXn OCBOoonHTb Haen OT1> Harnett aaBHCHMOCTH OT'b 11ymHX1> CTpaH'b, Ta.Kn I BCe1.rlmo, a Bl> OTHOIIIeHiH BbIB03a nponyHTOBl> Bl> 3Ha-'IHTeJihHOD CTeneHH OT1> aarpaHHUbI... Bl\'l'BcTt Cl> TtMn RpynHbI.R HHOCTpaHHbl.R rocyp:apcrna CTpeMHTCH Bee OOJI'Be OTroponHTbCH on, Haen, 1IT06bl IlO]lHHTh CBOIO co6CTBeHHYIO HHnycTpiIO H CaMHMl> CTaTb B'h 3.KOHOMH'leCROMl> OTHOIIIeHiH HeaaBHCHMbIMH. Bonpocn me o 6ea-npenHTCTBeHHOM'h pacrnHpeHiH HarueD nimoBott clf>epbI CTaHOBHTCH ]lJIH Haen BOnpOCOM'J;> il\H3HH H CMepTH, ec.rrn Mbl XOTHM1> nocTaBHTb HaIIIeMy pacTyIUeMy HaceJieHiIO pa6oTy H XJit6n. J1tn qepean ]le-CHTh y Haen 6y]leT'b 80 MHJIJiiOHOB'b HaceJieHi.R H OHH He HattnyTn ce6t npomnaHiH Bl> npe]l'tnaxn cTapblxn rpaHHUn HMnepin. BMtcT'B en T'BMn Mb! IIOHHJIH, J\a.KOe Baamoe 3Ha'leHie HM'BeTn IWJIOHiaJibHa.R nt11TeJihHOCTh !{JI.ff RYJihTypHaro npecTHma Hapona . . • On paaMtpoBn eH 6yneT1. aaBHC'BTb Bonpoci, Bl> .KaRoit CTeneHH Ramnhrtl: oTn'BJihHbiit Hapolln 6yneTn y'laCTBOBaTb Bl> ;Jltnt rocnoncTBa Hann MipoMn 6tnoit paCbI, H O'leHh B03MOil\HO, 'ITO CTpaHbl, y ROTOpbIXl> He 6yneTn RO-JIOHiH, He 6ynyTD CTOHTh Bl> p11naxn BeJIHRHXl> eBponeHCRHXl> ]lep-maBn, .Ka.Kn 6bI HH 6bIJIH OHM MorymecTBeHHbI BO BCtXn OCTaJibHbIXl> OTHorneHiHXl>».
HacyIUHOD «HCTOpH'leCROil:» aanaqeti, CTO.RIUeit nepe]ln repMa-HieD, HBJIHeTCH noaTOMY «C03]laHie ROJIOHiaJibHOit HMnepiH».
Ha Ta.Koit me TO'IR't ap'BHiH CTO.RTn H HtHoTophle npencTaBHTeJIH npaBaro HJIH peqiopMHCTCRaro Rph!na couiann-lleMoRpaTH'leCROit napTiH. 11JIH MHa'le: cymecTByIOTl> H HMnepiaJIHCTbI-couiaJIHCTbl, cymecTByeTo oco6a11 «couiaJIHCTH'leCRaH» HOJioHiaJibHa.R noJIHTHHa.
Bn aTOMl> OTHomeHiH o'leHh noRaaaTeJihHa 6pow1opa fHJihne-6paHTa: «Socialistische Auslandspolitik».
Ilo]ll> «couiaJIUCTH'leC.KOit» HOJIOHiaJihHOit IlOJIHTHHOH aBTOpn no]lpaayM'BBaeTn TaHyro, ROTopa11, BO nepBbIX'h, npHaHaeT'b npaBo 6C1bXb Hauitt Ha npio6p'BTeHie ROJIOHiD, paan oui; B'b HHX'b Hym.o;aIOTCH, a He H'BHOTOph!Xl> TOJihRO, MOHOIIOJIH3HpOBaBllIHX1> 3TO npaBO. «He-cnpaBe]lJIHBO», eCJIH AHrJiiH H paHUi.R MtrnaIOTl> rep~taHiH ycTpOHThCH B"b AcppHRt, «couiaJJHCTH'leCROD» HOJIOHiaJihHOM nom1-TH.KOit fHJihne6paHT1> nonpaayMtBaeTn .o;aJI'Be TaRyro, HoTopa.R Tpe-oyen ry!ll3HHaro OOpameHiH Cl. Ty3eMHhIM1> HaCeJJeHieMn, HaROHel.(n, Ta.Kyro, .KOTopa11 npenno'IHTaeT'b p'BrnaTh Iionpocn o pacnpentneHiH
Ei1116111110TeKa "PyHVIBepc"
-
J1deO.f102iR zepMaHClla20 UMnepiaJZU3Ma. 36
HOJIOHiii He CHJIOIO Metra, a nyTeMb MHpHbIXb neperOBOpOBb H no-
roBOpOBb.
Ho 11 JJ:JIH co1..dan11crn-11MnepiaJrncrn npioopineHie HOJIOHiil Ha-
cyruHaH HeOOXOJJ:HMOCTh,-Bb B11JJ:Y onpeni>JIHBllHIXCH Cb noCTaTO'I-
HOH O'IeBHJJ:HOCThlO «TeHnem.dil MipOBOro X03Hfl:CTBa» l\OJIOHiH He-
·OOXOJJ:liMbI JJ:JIH «3nopoBaro pa3BHTiH X03HHCTBa Hau:ioHaJihHaro».
Ta1n 1rnHb Cb npyrou cTopoHhI 11rnTepiaJihHoe 11 cou:iaJihHoe no-
JiomeHie paooqaro J\JlaCCa oyneTb Ti>Mb OOJii>e 6naronpiHTHbIMb,
'ItMb OOJihllie pbIHHOBb JJ:JIH c6bITa CBOHXb npony1n0Bb 11 AJIH nony-
'IeHiH ChipbH oyneTb Hb ycJiyraMb Hi>MeU:HOH npOMbIUIJieHHOCTH,
TO BCHI\Oe «CTpeMJieHie pacurnpHTb ccpepy repMaHCHOH ni>JIOBOH IBH3HHJ;
Jl:OJIIBHO BCTpi>THTh nonnepmHy co CTOpOHbI nponernpiaTa, Hal\b
BCHJ\aH ITOITblTJ\a co CTOpOHbI npyrHXb nepmaBb «CTi>CHHTh Hi>MeU:J\Oe
X03HHCTBO» JJ:OJIIBHa BbI3BaTh :meprH'IHbIH OTnOpb Cb ero CTOpOHbl.
1-li>Mb OOJii>e llIHpOHie CJIOH Hi>Meu:Haro ooruecTBa npOHHJ\aJIHCb
C03HaHieMb, 'ITO O'IepenHoit «HCTOpH'IeCJ\OH» 3anaqetf, CTOHIUeil
nepenb CTpaHofi, HBJIHeTCH «C03JJ:aHie KOJIOHiaJibHOH HMnepiH»,
Ti>Mb qarue ITOHBJIHJIHCb poMaHbl, H300pamaBIUie oynylUiH BO itHbl
I'epMaHiH BO HMH npioopi>TeHiH J\OJIOHiH.
Tal\b Hal\b rnaBHOH J\OHKypeHTJ\OH repMaHiH Ha MipoBOMb phI HITT
HBJIHeTCH AHrJiiH, TO OOhl'IHO 3TH poMaHbl noBi>crnyIOTb o BOHHt
MMeHHO Cb AHrnieiL HaHb Ha npHMi>pb, MOIBHO yKa3aTh Ha poMaH'L
A. H11MaHa «MipoBaH Boi1Ha» («Weltkrieg», 1905). EnHHCTBeHHOH B03MOIBHOCThIO coHpyumTh MipoBoe rocnoncTBO
AHrniM aBTOpb C'IHTaeTb COI03'h Memny repMaHiett, Pocciett H Cl>paH-
u:iefi. IloHHMaH yTOnM'IHOCTh nono6Haro TpoiicrneHHaro co103a,
H11MaHb Ha3BaJib CBOH poMaHb «Me'ITaMM Hi>Mu:a» («Traume ei neli
Deutschen»).
Bb poMaHt 11306pamaeTCH, HaHb pyccKiH BoilcHa BTopra10TcH
Bb J1Hnilo, Kal\b OHM onepIBHBaIOTb nooi>ny npH Jlaropt ( OTtiaCTH
6JiaronapH M3Mi>Hi> HHJJ:yccKHXb BOHCKb), HaHb coen11HeHHbIH cppaHKO-
repMaHcKiH 3CKaJJ:pbI pa30HBaIOTb aHrniHCKiit cpJIOTb, KaKb CHaqaJia
HtMU:bl, a ITOTOMb H cppaHU:Y3hl H pyccKie BbICaIBHBaIOTb necaHTbl
Ha aHrJiiMCKOH ITO'IBi>, H KaKb_. HaKOHeU:b, COI03HbIH BOMCKa ITOOi>JJ:H-
TeJIHMH BCTynaIOTb Bb JlOHJJ:OHb.
H3b HeynatJHott BOHHbI AHrJiiH BhIXOJJ:HTb pa3rpoMJieHHOH H Bhl-
11ymneHa ycTynHTh I'epMaHiH 'IaCTb CB011Xb acppHKaHCKHX'L KOJIOHifi:.
CTOpOHHHKOMb 3HeprH'IHOH KOJIOHiaJihHOH noJIHTHKM BbICTynaeTb
Bb po111aHt Htt]ltaHa HMnepcKitt KaHu:nepb. Ha Bonpocb rJiaBHOKO-
MaHny10ruaro .uecaHTHott apMiefi np11Hu:a I'eHp11xa, HaM·speHb JIM
OHb Bb caMOMb ni>Jit OTHHTh y AHrJiiH eH J\OJIOHiH H BCTynHTh Ha
nyTh TBepnott HOJIOHiaJibHOH ITOJIHTHKH, HaHu:Jiepb OTBi>qaeTb:
~na, H C'IHTaIO 3TO OJJ:HHMb H3b HaHOOJii>e Baif\HbIXb TpeoosaHiii
3*
61116m10TeKa "PyHHBepc"
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36 r OJlOCb A'1 UJ-~ yew a 20.
BpeMeHH. MhI o6RaaHbI BocnoJIHHTb npo6i>nn, ocTaBJICHHhJJ:i: noJIHTH-
HOH Haurnxn npe;o:rnecTBeHHHHOB'b. ITpycciR Morna 6h1 yme ui>JihIM'h CTOJii>TieM'b p aHbrne cTaTb CHJibHOtl: Mop c1wi1 ;o:epmaBoJ:i:; H arnHM'h HecqacTieM'b 6bJJIO TO, qTo JJ;aJibHOBH;o:HaR TIOJIHTHI\a BeJIHKar o Kyp-
cf11opcrn p aa611nacb o He;o:ocTaToqHoCTh ero cpen:cTB'b. EcJrn 6b1 ero npeeMHHHH normrn no ero cTonaMn, To mmorn:a Benm-w6p11rnHi R
He n:ocTHrJia 6b1 TaHoro MorymecTB3, 3 MhI 11 paHhIIIe 06eaneq1rn11 6b1 ce6i; CBOIO JJ:OJIIO B'b BHi>-eBpone.il:CKl1 X'b BJiaJJ:i>HiRX'b».
P3TYR 33 :meprnqHyIO HOJIOHiaJibHYIO non11Tl1HY, l\3HU:Jiepn BMi>CTi> C'b Ti>M'b CTOpOHHl1Kb 11;o:e11 C03JJ:3HiR MOfyq3ro BOCHH3f0 cpJioTa. Hor;o:a npttHU'h T'eHpttxn yHaabrnaeTn eMy, npe;o:ocTeperaR,
Ha OTpHUaTeJihHOC OTHOIIICHie noqT11 BCi>X'h napTiil: B'b pe.tl:xcrnri>
JJin oui>HHTh 3HaqeHie 4JrroTa. MbI BhIWJill , Rn cqacTiIO, H3n noJIOChI y qeHHqecKHXn Jii>Tu,.
33 ROTOphrn ;o:oporo aamrnnrn11. Hbrni> MhI o6aaaHbI yn:epmaTb TO , qTo 11Mi>eMn, 11 B3RTh Haaa;o:n, qTo Harvm 6hrno ynymeHo. Hi>MeuHiH
Hapo;o:"h 6y;o:eT'b OTHbIHi> n11TaTb JJ:OBi>pie H'b Harne.ti: KOJIOHiaJibHOH
TIOJIHT11Hi>» 1). Ha pa;o:y en poMaHal\rn, nocBRll..{CHHhIMH on11caHi10 6yn:ym11xn
BO.il:H"h fepMaHiH BO 11MR npio6pi>TeHiR HOBbIX'b l\OJIOHiil:, IlORBJIR-JIHCb Bn noCJii>D:Hie r on:hI ece· q311..{e 11 pol\taHhI, 11ao6p3IB3BIIIie 11JUI B"b 6bITOBbIXb TOH3X'b Hp3Bbl H3CeJieHiH yme npio6pi>TeHHhIX"h l\0-
JIOHiii, B'b oco6eHHOCT11 a4JpHK3HCKHXn, Hann, Hanp., pOM3H'b pHJJ:bl cpoH'b BIOJI OB"h «Im L ande der Verhei ssung», HJIH me en np11Mi>ChIO cpaHTaCTHKll H CHMBOJI11Kl1 KOJIOHH3aTOpcKyIO n:i>RTCJibHOCTb r epMaH-CHaro H3po;o:a Ha ;o:aJICKHXn CH3 3QqHo-npeKpaCHbIX'b H CKaaoqHo-
6oraTbIX"b OCTpoBaX'b' aaTepRHHhIX'b cpen11 6ea6pemHOCTH IOif\Haro oHe3H3, K3H'h, Hanp., poMaH'b fey1-w «Rust».
TaK"h RaH'b ocy mecTBHTh ceoro KOJIOHiaJihHYIO nporp3:.IMy f epMa-HiH cyMi>eT1, TO Ji bnO B'b TOM'b cnyq3i;, ecn11 06eaneli11Tn ce6i> noJrn -
THqecRyro rereM0Hi 10 B'b C3MO.il: Eeponi>, To en Tpe6oB3HieM'b npio6pi>-
1) TaKb TO'rno Bn aHOHHMHOM'b po~taH-B «Voelk er Europasl D er Krieg der Zukunft», rn-B 1-1ao6parnaeTc11 (Hbrni> cTaBina11 aHTOMn) 06me-esponefi -CHa11 BOHlia , HOH'laJOUlaRCR paarpOMOM'b AHrJiiH, repMaHiR noJiy'laeT'b U'B-JlblM PRll'b HOJIOHiH, npHHanJieJHalllHX'b e11 conepHHU'E, a HMemro 6ypcHyIO pecny6JIHHY, Poneai10, C-tsep11y10 'IaCTh HanJiaHna, KpoM-B Toro H aaa6JiaHKa H Maranupn Bn MapoHo, a wan rropTyraJihCKHXn sJian-tHiH Manepy n Aaop-CHie OCT]JOBa. TaH'b HaK'b IlOCJI'B BOHHhl roJIJiaHUiR, cparnaornaRCR B'b COJ031; C'b H'BMUal\rn , BXOUHT'b, Kal:\'b COCTaBHaR '!aCTh B'b repMaHCHYIO HMnepi10 , TO H 6oraTbl11 f OJIJiaHUCKi R HOJIOHiH (Hsa , EopHeo n T. n.) TaK;Ke CTaHOBRTCR B'L CYlllHOCTH co6 cTBeHHOCThlO rep!t'laHill, rrpeop am a10mei1CR TaJ-m M'b o6pa-30M'b B'b nepBOKnaccHyJO HOJIOHiaJihHYIO neprnasy.
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
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Hoeo.n.02ia 2ep.ttaHc1w20 UMnepia.n.uaMa. 37
TeHiff KOJIOHiit HUeOJIOfli l1M!1epiaml3Ma OQblqHo CBa3hIBaIOT'b . Hne10 CHJibHOti: l\OHTHHeHTaJihHOH f epMaHiH.
«Bb uacTOamee BpeMa,-aaMtqaeT'b reuepaJib B epurapnH,-MN HaXOJ:(HMCa Bb oqenh aaTpynHHTeJibHOMb nOJIOif\eHiH . fJoqTH co BCi>Xb cTopoHb uac·h OKpymaIOTb Bpamne6Hblff rocynapcTBa, nponrnont:ti:-CTBy10mia BC'BMb uallll1M'b ycTpe:r.meuiaMb B'h 06JiacT11 BH'BlllHeA noJIHTHI\11. Hallla nepBaa aanaqa- paab uascerna noRoHqHTh Cb rnm1Mb noJ10meuieMb Beme:ti:. EcJIH MhI XOTHM'h CTaTh Mipono:ti: nepma-Boil, TO MbI UOJI'.H\HhI npemne Bcero BHOBh aaBoeBaTb CBOIO nOJil1TH-qecnyIO ueaaBHCHMOCTb. Heo6xon11Mo aci>MH CHJia:r.rn yHp1rn11Tb nallle Morymecrno ua l\OHTHHeuTt, pacllIHp11Tb clflepy uawero Bniauia Bb caMoii Eaponi»>.
reuepaJib Bepurap.n:.11 cntwl1Tb np11 3TOMb orosop11TbCa, 'ITO pt11b l1J:(eTb Bb .n:aHHOMb CJiy11at He 0 «3aBoeBaTeJihHOH nOJ111Tl1Ri>», H6o nocJit.n:uaa npoT11Boptq11Tu Ra.Kb «nyxy apeMenm>, Ta1n H «l1CTl1HHbIMb l1HTepecaMb» repMaui11: «Bb EBpont MbI MOfJ111 6bI noJiy1111Tb JI11lllh TaRyIO o6JTaCTh, uace"reuie ROTopoii uaacer.n:a ocTa-HeTca naMb Bpamne6HhIMb )>.
I1epenb aaopaM11 l1Mnepiamrcrn oohlqno uoc11Tca Hnea uoaaro !10JUiTHlJeCl\aro COI03a IlOD:b r JiaBeHCTBOMb repMaHi H, H 3Ta HJ:(eR 06ne1rneTCa B'b HMnepiaJil1CTCKOH JIHTepaTypt Bb HoM6ttuauiu.
Ta1n, reueparrb Bepurapn11 cq11TaeTb ueo6xonHMblMb Bb HHTepe-caxb «yrryqweHiFf BOeHHaro IlOJIO'.H\eHiH>> fepMaHiH, B'b HHTepecaX1'> ~ Ho acerna rJiaauy10 po.rrL B'b npa-B11TeJibCTBt CoenHHeHHbIX'b lliTaTOBb Eaponhl HrpaeT'b repMaHiR, no6hIBUiaa ce6i> no6tnottocHoi1 ao:ti:uoii nomrrnqecRym rereMoHiIO ua KOHTHHeuTi>, a HHorna (Kam, Bb poMant Poaerrepa) npeaH-.nenTOMb CoenttueuHbIXb lliTaTOB'h EBponhI aBJIFCeTCFf repMancRiil: HMnepaTOpo.
HaROHe11:1,, HHorna HOBhlH nOJIHTHlJeCRitt COI03b, BO r .;ias·t HO-
li1161u10TeKa "PyH11sepc"
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38 J'oJZoco NluHyewa20.
TOparo CTOHTb repMUHiH, IrnKb HaH60Jite Cl1JibHaH KOHTHHeHTUJibHaff
.o:epmana, nony1rneTb Sb HMnepiaJrncTcKoi1 JIHTepaTypt xapaKTepb
cneuiaJibHO
repMaHCKiH rocy.o:apcTsa KOHTHHeHTa COJ!b!OTCH Sb e.o:HHblit seJIHKiK
HapoJJ.b, Kb l\OTOpOMY set rep~.rnHCKiH Hapo.o:HOCTH ctsepa: ruseJJ,bl, .o:aTqaHe 11 HopseIBUbl 6y.o:yTb THfOTtTh Sb CHJIY 3aKOHa np11TH>KeHiH,
1160 Mb! m11seMb Bb ;moxy' xapame_pHblMb npH3HaJ-:OMb KOTopofl HSJIHeTCH CTpei\IJieHie o6pa30Sb!BaTb KpynHb!H rocy.o:apCTsa».
I111-mepiaJI11CTCKaH MeqTa 0 «COI03t ueHTpaJibHO-esponetiCKHXb
JJ.ep masb» HJIH o «Coe.0:11HeHHbIXb llhaTaXb Esponbr» npespamaeTcH ,.
TaKHMb o6pasoMb, l1Hor.o:a Sb 11.0:ero emrnoi1:, oxsaThrna1omei1 set repMaHCKiH Hapo.O:HOCTH' repMaHiH, ein pangermanisches Deutsch-land. ·
Ecn11 o.o:Hw 11Mnepian11cTbI, Tt, KOTOpb1e sb1pama10Tb npem.1yme-CTBeHHO l1HTepeCbI npOMbllliJieHHaro Kamna.rra, cq11TaIOTb oqepe.O:HOH
«HCTOp11qeCKOi1:» 3a.o:aqei1:, CTOHUleH nepe.O:b repMaHieti, npio6ptTeHie
HOBb!Xb KOJIOHiit, TO JJ.pyrie, npOTl1SHl1Kl1 l1H.O:YCTpiaml3~ta. CTOpOH-· HHKH npe11MymecrneHHo arpapHaro cTpoH, no.o:pa3yMtsaron, nom,
«pacru11peHieMb repMaHCKOH Tepp11Topim> 3asoesaHie fO.O:HOH nO.O:b nantHIO 3eJ1;1JIH (Ackerboden) Bb caMo:H Espont.
«E.o:sa n11,-rosop11Tb He6e3bl3Bi>cTHbI:i1: ucTopHKb B11pTb Bb csoei1 HH11rt «Rasse und Volk»,-MOiHHO ycMoTptTb qTo-H116yJJ.h nonom11-
TeJibHOe Bb pa3BI1BaIOUlettCH HH.O:yCTpiaJIH3aUiH repMaHiH, Sb TOMb, qTo S03.0:YXb, IWTOpb!Mb Mb! .O:billieMb, CTaHOSHTCH see xyme H Te11mte, Bb TOM'b, qTQ pacTyTb 111exaH113aUiH H osstpeHie >KH3Hl1, Bb TOM'b,
qrn ¢a6p1HHb1i1 pa6o'lii1 nee 6oJite npespamaeTCH sb pa6a». TaKb KaKb rpaH.o:io3Hoe pa3s11Tie npoMbiruJieHHOCTH HBJIHeTCR
6e3ycJIOSHbIMb 3:'lOMb, To Heo6xo.0:11Mo «OTKJIOHHTh He TOJ! bKO Ty11raH-HbIH yToniH couiaJIHCTOSb, HO 11 sc1rny10 Miponym IlOJIHHIKY (\'/elt und Machtpolitik), cq11rn10my10rn Hc1w10q11TeJihHO Cb HHTepecaMH
HHJJ.yCTpim>. «.UOCTOMHOe qeJIOBi>Ka cymeCTBOBaHie» S03MO>KHO TOJibKO TaMb, r.o:t .o:ocTaTOqHo
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JiloeO/lOZi.M'h ue Mente OH'b ue MomeT'b soanep-maTbCH OT'b npoapaquaro uaMe1m: «061>Tosauua11 cTpaua» .nemHT'b, 01» EeponbI.
Ilonoouo TOMY, R3R'b nepsoe H3'b oxapaRTep11aosaHHbIX'b Teqeuit!: HMnepiaJIHCTCHOH 11neoJioriu noponimo utnb1ti pRJJ:'b 6eJIJieTp11crn-qecRnx'b npouaeeneuiit, TaR'b H 11ne.a CMJibHOH arpapuoti fepMaui11 H31IIJia ce6t OTpameuie B'b H3Hll\HOH ;JHTepaTypt.
,I(oBOJibHO RpHOH HJIJIIOCTpauieit H'b 3TOit TeopiH RBJIR:eTCR po-MaH'b JI1one11ra Poaerrepa (cbrna 11aetcTHaro n11caTeJI11-uaponu11Ra IleTepa Poaerrepa): «fOJiblllTpOM'b» (Der Golfstrom).
Ilono6uo BupTy, Poaerrep'b ycMaTpHsaeT'b B'b onuocTopouueM'b pa3BMTiH uunycTpiu (co BCtMH eti npHCJll\HMH qepTaMH, RaR'b-TO : poCT'b ropOJJ:OB'b, poCROlllH H T. n.) eeJIHROe 3JIO, np11q11uy Bhlpomne-HiH coepeMeuuaro qeJioetqecTea.
IlpoTHB'b epenuaro RJJibTa npOMbllllJieHHOCTH BO MMR TopmecTsa «npocTOTbl upaBOB'b» Tll\eTHO IlOll:HHMaJI'b csott fOJIOC'b Mynpeua HMnepaTop'b BHJILreJihM'b II, ero uaabrnaJIH «qeJioBtROM'b OTCTa-JibIM'h», «poMaHTHROM'b-acReTOM'b», «aanoanaJibIM'b yqenHROM'b Pycco» . HaxonHJIHCh H npyrie 6JiaropaayMHbie monH, ocMtJIHsasllliecR yTBepmnaTh, qTO
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40 I'o11.oco MuHyewa20.
nuui> HMnepaTopa Bnn&reJI&Ma II. l1 He TOJib:KO uyxoBHO H cnyqat- Ha BOCTO:Kt.
CTpeMHCh :Kl> «pacrnupeHiro repMaHc:Kotl: TeppHTopiH», HMnepia-JIH3M'b, eCTeCTBeHHO, npOHH:KHYT1> BOHHCTBeHHblM'b ll.YXOM'b, :KYJibTOMl> BOitHbl.
l1MnepiaJIHCTD-y6i>mneHHblit npoTHBHH:K'b nacHI H cepnua. Hb1Ht uapHTh cypoBaH
n;pyroMn Mtcrl (e'b 6pow10pt: «Unsere aussere Politik>>),-o6otl:n;eTcR repMaHiH n;ame B'b 50 MHJIJiiapn;OB'b (no BbiqHCJieHiHM'b Peez'a), 3Ta cyMMa etn;L TOJIL:Ko HeattaqHTeJILHaH qacTb o6maro 6oraTcTea crpaHbI. He cni>nyeT'b :K1> TOMY me aa6brnaTb, qTo BCR:KaH BOtl:Ha, name tteyn;aqHaH, ni>itcTByeT'b Boa6ymn;a10mHM'b o6paaoM'h name Ha 3Hepril0 no6tmn;eHHaro, Bbl3blBaH B'b HeM'b qyBCTBO copeBHOBaHiH, CTpeMJieHie CHOBa IlOll.HHTbCH HaBepx'b. IlpHMtpbI: paHl{iR nocnt 1870 r., PocciH nocnt RoHnttitl: Ben;eT'b HeHa6tmHo :K1> (CH3HtmeHHOCTH H npeCblllleHHOCTH», (
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J1aeo.rw2iR 2epMOHCKO
HOBbrn RpynHhrn l(i>HHOCTl1». «Ml1JIJiiap;o;epbI Bbipom;o;aroTCH yme B'h TpeTheM'h, a TO 11 BO BTOpOM'b IlOROJli>HiH, 11 TO me CaMoe 6brnaeT'h 11 C'h l(i>JibIMl1 Hapo;o;a~rn». IlycTb ;o;aJii>e Bo i1Ha yHeceT'b 200.000 q eJio-Bi>H'h y611TbIMl1 11 paHeHhIM11, emerO):(Hbi ii np11poCT'h HaCeJieHiH B'b
repMaHil1 COCTaBJ1 ReT'b IlOtITH MHJIJliOH'b .
TaRHM'h me ano:10reTOM'h BOi1HhI HBJTFieTCH tt rettepaJI'b Bepttrap;o;tt. Bn ero r Jiasaxn BoiiHa He TOJihRO He11s6i>mH OCTh noJI11T11tiecRaH-
1160 HaCeJieHie CTpaHbI 11 eR npOMb!llIJieHHOCTh pacTyT'h 6esnpe-
pbIBHO, - HO 11 6Jiaro C'b 6ioJIOrtttieCROH TO'IRl1 3pi>HiH. «ECJil1 6hI He
6hIJIO BOHHbI, TO MaJIOl(i>HHbrn 11Jll1 Bbrpom;o;aIOil(iHCH paCbI MOrJllI 6bl
Jienw BbITi>CHlITh CBOei1: ~tacco:lf 11 CBOl1Ml1 RanttTaJiaMl1 pacy s;o;opo-
BYIO, cnoco6Hy10 R'h pasB11Ti10, a nocJii>;o;cTBieM'h aToro 6hIJI'h 6I.i Bceo6Il(ii1: p erpeccn». BeJI11Roe noJiomttTeJII>Hoe sHatieHie BO:li:Hhl 11
COCTOHT'b B'b TOM'b, tITO oHa OT6HpaeT'h Ha tt6oJite iRH3Hecnoco6Hbie
Hapo;o;hl. «11MeHHO TI OTOMy, tITO OHa, H TOJihRO OHa, COBep rnaeT'b
3TOT'b no;o;6op'b, CTaHOBHTCH OHa 6ioJIOrtttieCROH He06XO):(HMOCThIO» .
HBJIHHCb «per yJIHTo poM'h, 6es'b ROToparo HeJih3H 06oi1:T11Ch B'h ttHTe-
pecax'h nporpecca», BO:li:Ha BMi>CTi> C'b Ti>M'b 6Jiaro 11 C'b MOpaJibHOH
TOtIHlI sptHiH. 0Ha «06'be):(lIHHeT'b BCi>X'h B'b o6Il(eM'b HanpHmeHim>,
«CphrnaeT'b MaCHlI C'b Jlttl(a MH11MbIX'b BeJIHtilIH'b, B3pau(eHHbIX'h npo-
):(OJiiRHTeJlhHbIM'b MttpOM'h», «OTBOAl1T'b Ha>R):(OMY no;o;o6aromee eMy
Mi>cTo», sacTaBmieT'b «Jitttrnoe H 11cqesaTh nepenn Bemrno:lf .11;o;eeH:
rocyi:i:apcTBa» . «TOJibRO 6Jiaro;o;apH BOHHi> c oxpaHHeTCH Ha;o;oJi rO B'h
Hal(iH Ta 3Hepr iH , ROTopaH JrlmaeT'b JIIO):(e:lf cnoco6HbIMH pa3BlITb
Bet CBOH ;o;yxoBHblH CHJihI H C03J:J;aB3Tb T3Hl1M'b o6pa30M'b BCe 6 0.1-Be
BhICOHYIO HYJibTypy». HecoMHi>HHoe 6Jiaro C'h «6ioJiornqec1M'b BbICIIIHi Hp3 B-
CTBeHHbli1: ;o;oJir'b nepe;o;'b Jil1l(OM'h RYJII>TypI>r. Pas'b ToT-b HJitt 11Hoi1
Hapo;o;'b npe;o;cTaBJIHeT'b co6oii RpynHhIH HYJII>TYPHhiif qiaRTOp'h, pa3'h
OH'b CTpeM11TCH pacrnttp11Th, RaR'h MOiHHO 60Jihllie, paiiOH'b rocno;o;-
·CTBa C60eii RYJibTyphI, HBJIH!Oll(eil:CH B'b ero rJia3aX'b Bceri:i:a CHHOHH-
MOM'b HCTl1HHOH RYJII>Typhl, TO BOi1Ha, Ram, c pe;o;CTBO H'b JJ:OCT11meHi 10
3Toi1 l(i>JI11 , CTaHOBl1TCH «BhlCIIIHM'h Bb1pameHieM'b BOJI11 R'h KYJihTy pi>».
BhlCIIIMM'h npoHs:1eHieM'b nJIHTb B'b Hal(i11 He JII060Bh H'h Mttpy, a KYJII>T'h
BOil:HbI, HJltt, BbrpamaHCb CJIOBaMH 11cTop111tfrneu
Hi>MeQKOH 6em1 eTpttCTHKl1. Il11caTeJilI 0Ill1CbIBaIOT'b 11 l103Tl13Hpy ron ,
BOitHhl npornJiaro H 6yJJ:yll(aro, BOHHY Ha cym i>, Ha Mopt u B'b B03-
Eivi611111oreKa "PyHvisepc"
-
42 I'OJIOC'b iv.I UHy6wa20.
nyxi>. BOfiHy Memny eBponeficHHMH JJ.epmaBaMH mm Memny EBponow
M AMepttHofi, HJIH Meaui:y 6i>noi1 11 U:Bi>THhIMH pacaMH. OnttHo nepe-11eHh oTMXo M3o6pameHiM BOti:HhI, 11acTo 3By11amMxo, HaHo anoJioriR
BOMHhI, 3llHHJio 6hI CJIHIIIHOMo MHOro Mi>CTa. 11 Hl\IeHHO Ha )lOJllO TaHMXo npOH3Be)leHiM BbmanaJio B'b IIOCJii>JJ.Hie ro)lhl Bo fep;-.rnHiH
Ha1160JihIIIiH ycni>xo. ;D;pyrie n11caTeJIH, 11306pamaH BOiiHy, CTaBHTo ce6i> yme npHi\IO u:i>m1 ne)larorM11ecHiH, CTpeMHTCH BOCIIMTaTh ny-
6JIHHY Bo BOHHCTBeHHOM'b nyxt, npHBHTh eH: JJ.ymmiH pa3roaopo MemJJ.y
.:JettTeHaHTOMo H 3anaCHhIMo:
- BhI 011eHh xoTi>JIH 6br, 11To6hl 6bIJia BOi1Ha?---Ti>-
CBOeH IBH3Hhl0. 1160 roTOBHOCTh OT)laTh CBOIO IBH3Hh H eCTh npM-
3HaHo MymecTBa H repott3Ma.
- ;D;a, na, aTo TaHo!---H:ICH.
- l.JTO B3C'b TaK'b panyeT'b?
- H llYl\IaIO o TOM'L, HTO M3'b Haco coBepIIIHTo nepBbIH repoi1cHiH IIO)lBHfo?
- f1om11BeMo, ys11n11Mo! BbITh MomeTo, mnaTh np11p:eTcH He-
nonro.
Pa3CH33hI fai1nel\rnpHa M noai>cTBYIOTo o TaHHXo «repoH:cHMXo
61116m10TeKa "PyHHBepc"
-
Hoeo1102i.q eep.M.a11.arn20 u.M.nepia11ua,+1a. 43
noUBHrax'h», coBeprnaeMbIX'h B'b npencTo.muei1 BOM:Ht C'b Poccietl H pam.(iei1 JieT'IHKal\m H Jiei1TeHaHTaMH, pi:rnoBbIMH H name oobr-BaTeJIHMH. BMtcrl B3HTble 3TH paacKa3bl sBy'laT'b BOCTopmeHHbii\Iu rHMHOM'b BOHHt H BOHHCKOit J:(OOJieCTH. Bet OHH HanMCaHbI BO CJiaBy «repl\rnHcKaro Hapona non'b opymieMu». Bu HHX'b To H ntno CJibI-lllHTCH Ha pa3Hbie JiaUbI OUHH'b H TOTu me Jiet!TMOTHB'b, CJIOBa OUHOro H3'b BbIBeJ:(eHHblX'b Jiei1TeHaHTOB'b:
«RaKoe cqacTbe cpamaTbCH H no6tmnaTb, 1rnKoe cqacTbe 6bITb repoeMu!»
HenapoM'b anMrpa4JoM'b K'b CBOJIM'b pascKaaaMu aBTOp'b Bbr6paJI'b .cJioBa Hwurne: «Bbr cnpanrnBaeTe, tITO xoporno ! Xoporno-obITb. xpa6pbIM'b» («Was ist gut, fragt ihr. Tapfer sein ist gut»).
3aBoeBaTeJihHhlH TeHneHuiH HMnepiaJIH3Ma HymuaJIHCb B'b HtKo-TopoM'b MopaJibHOl\f'b onpaBJ:(aHiH' H BOT'b Ha IlOMOIUb npHlllJia «HayKa» •.
McTopMKH H aHTpononorH npHHHJIHCb noKa3bIBaTb, 'ITO HCTopiH eCTh He 'ITO 1rnoe, KaK'b 6opb6a 11 CMtHa paco, 'ITO eCTb pacbr, ona-peHHbIH IlOJIOli\HTeJibHbIMH Ka'leCTBaMH, H paCbl, OTJIHllaroruiHCH OJ:(HHMH TOJihKO HeJ:(OCTaTKa.MH, H 'ITO nepBblH np113BaHbl K'b rocnon-CTBY HaU'b nocntnHHMH.
BnepBbre paaBHTaH B'b H3BtCTHOMu CO'IHHeHiH 4JpaHuyscKaro rpa4Ja ro6HHO TeopiH «HepaBeHCTBa paCu» HarnJia B'b repMaHhl no•rny, BeChMa 6naronpiHTHYIO UJIH cBoero naJibHti1rnaro pasBHTiH, nopoUHJia sntcb utny10 lllKOJIY HCTOpHKOB'h-ny6JIHUHCTOB'b ('lleM6ep- . neuu: «Die Grundlagen des XIX j.») H aHTponoJioroB'h (BoJibTMaH'b, Jlauno-JlH6epC{lenhcu, reHmreJih 11 up.).
ITepBoHatiaJibHO (rooMHo, qeM6epneHu) pacoit, npHsBaHHoi1 K'b rocnonCTBY Ha):('b BCtM'b MipOM'b, C'IHTaJIHCb 80061..Qe apii1Ubl (KeJibTbl' repMaHUbI, cnaBHue). Bu aToit CBoei1 q>as·:S pasBMTiR TeopiR pac'b cnyamna, :Katt'b HeTpynHo BMUi>Th, onpaBnaHieM'b Ui!R CTpeMJieHiR BCeM: 61011oii. pacbl IlOU'IHHHTh CBoei1 BJI3CTH pacbl meJITyro, qepHyro H T. n. To 6hma, npyrnMH cJioBaMH, 4JMJioco4JiR KOJioHiaJibHaro mmepiaJIH3Ma.
,[(o K8KOro BbICOKOMtpHaro ca.Moo6omaHiH UOXOUHJIH IlOKJIOHHHKH apiitcHaro mieMeHH, BHUHO XOTH 6bI H3u cn:tnyJOI..QHX'b CJIOBu OUHOrO H3'b CTOpOHHHKOB'b y:Ka3aHHO.i:t TeopiH (Augustin: «Die Arier und der Krieg»):
«Bci:r sel\'mH-uapcTBo apiiineB'b. ApH3i\Iu H qeJioBt'IHOCTh-CHHOHHMbI. ToJibKO apieu'b HCTHHHbiit qe:roBtK'b, H HCTHHHbDl'b qeJioBt:KOM'b HB~rneTCH TOJihKO apieuu (Nur das allgemein arische ist das allgemein menschliche und das allgemein menschliche nur das allgemein arische)».
EcJIH y nepBbIX'b nioHepoB'b 3Toit TeopiH Ms6paHHOi1 pacoit C'IH- ·
Ei1116111110TeKa " PyHVIBepc"
-
44 I'o.floco Mw-tyewaw.
TaJIHeb set npe:a:eTas11TeJIH apHi:e1rnro Haqana, To Hi>Meu:Kie eH noent:uosaTeJIH Sbll\I1HYJIH IIOCJit:a:osaTeJibHO KeJibTOSb H CJiaSHHb 11 OTOIBeCTSHJIH Sb KOHu:t-KOHU:OSb TepMHHbl «apiiiU:bI» H «repMaHU:bl». EcJIH nepBoHaqaJibHO poD:HHoi1 apifiu:esb cqHTaJiacb l'IH:a:iH, noTOM'b TiaMHpb, TypKeCTaHb, TO TIOCTerreHHO OHa see 6onte OTOJJ:SHraJiaeb Sb HarrpasJieHiH Kb repMaHiH HJIH Kb 6eperaMb ei;septtaro H 6aJITifi-eKaro Mopei1 (11Jrn ell\e :a:arrbUie-Kb CKaHJJ.HHaBiH) . Ror:a:a Sb 1883 r. S'b paHmpypTt Ha MaiiHt aaet:a:anb xoHrpeeeb aHTpononorosb, TO O.D:HHb H3b ero Hi>