How MIPI Debug Specifications Help Me to Develop System SW

Norbert Schulz Intel Corporation

Contents • MIPI Alliance Debug WG Focus • Good Debug Practices •  Example Use Case: Form Factor SW/FW tracing

•  MIPI SyS-T Messaging (Trace creation) •  MIPI STPSM/ MIPI TWPSM data protocols (Trace arbitration) •  MIPI NIDnTSM (Trace export)

•  Summary

2

MIPI Alliance Debug Workgroup Focus •  Enabling best system debug support in all stages of the

Mobile and Mobile Influenced equipment: •  Low cost solutions •  Interoperability between tooling and devices by defining debug standards. •  The targeted interfaces are hardware and software interfaces interacting with

or supporting system debug. •  Leveraging functional interfaces to increase debug visibility in fielded

systems

•  MIPI Alliance Debug Specification Scopes •  Physical interfaces for Debug/Trace •  Midlevel protocols for trace data transfer •  SW Trace instrumentation

3

Non-standardorproprietarysolu1oninDebugleadstoincreasingdevelopmentcostandextended-metomarket.

Good Practices for Debug •  Make debug a platform capability

•  Understand that debug is a customer visible feature •  Scale debug support with platform complexity •  Support Hardware/Software co-debug

•  Avoid IP-block specialized solutions by •  Aligning trace message formats •  Unifying data capture methods (debug port and probes) •  Using debug/analysis tools supporting platform scope •  Using a shared time base to reconstruct historical message order

•  Support closed-chassis / retail build debug •  Re-use of functional interfaces or their pins in form factor devices •  Have a runtime method to configure debug

•  Enable / Disable of individual trace sources •  Trace verbosity control to meet bandwidth / trace audience constraints •  Retail build / field testing support

4

Example Use Case: Form Factor SW Tracing •  Capture platform boot logs from a tablet

•  No dedicated debug port, reuses functional USB port for capture •  Messages originating from different areas

•  Boot controller •  UEFI BIOS

•  Using MIPI specifications for •  Trace generation •  Trace Arbitration •  Trace Export

•  2 machine Demo Setup •  Target System (TS) •  Debug and Test System (DTS)

5

TargetSystem(TS)FormFactorDevice

DebugandTestSystem(DTS)

USBConnectorpincaptureprobe

MIPI Specification Based Solution Overview

6

Mergedand-mestampedmessage

fragments

CPUCoreCPUCoreCPUCoreCPUCore

BootControllerTraceArbite

rInstrumen

ta-o

nIntercon

nectOS

Apps

Blocks

SyS-T

UEFI

SyS-T

SyS-T

SyS-T

DebugClock

STP USBCon

nector

PINManager

DebugInterface

USBFunc-on

NIDnT

TraceGenera-on TraceArbitra-on TraceExport

TWP

OtherFunc-onalBlocks

OtherSW/HW

Specifica-onsupportforallphasesofTSdebugdataprocessing

otherdata

MIPISpecifica-on

Complete Specifications Overview

7

SyS-T - System Software Trace •  SyS-T defines a SW tracing

methodology •  Addresses missing standard for SW tracing

•  Only major OS have established vendor specific methods

•  But SW is running in most IP blocks today •  Embedded System friendly

•  Build, Target and Debug system distinction •  Bandwidth reduction by using DTS collateral for

decode

•  SyS-T includes •  A SW instrumentation API •  A data protocol for text and binary data •  A XML decode collateral definition

•  Open Source reference code planned •  New MIPI Specification for SW tracing

•  1.0 Release planned Q2’2017

8

BuildMachine

DebugandTestSystem(DTS)

TargetSystem(TS)

CompiledSoOware

SyS-TAPI

SyS-TEncoder

SyS-TTracedata

SWBuild

SyS-TDecodeCollateral

SyS-TDecoder

TraceDataViewer

SyS-TStandard

Referencecode

InstrumentedSourcecode

Collateralcreator

VendorindependentandscalableSWtracingmethod

SyS-T - SW Instrumentation •  Reference code for C-Language

•  Only 1 header needed (mipi_syst.h) •  Instrumentation calls are C-Macros

•  API‘s for •  Text and binary messages •  C99 style printf() support •  Optional features (crc32 checksums,

time stamps ...)

•  IO-Channel concept •  Support for multi-channel output

protocols •  Multi-threaded output without locking

•  Trace Viewer Tool Result •  1 SyS-T call turns into 1 trace

message •  Parameters turn into message fields •  Automatic time stamping

9

Create/destroytracechannel

Messagecrea-ngMacros

SWexecutedonTS

DecodingresultonDTS

SyS-TDecodeCollateral

SyS-T - Advanced Features •  Bandwidth optimized printf()

•  Sends only numeric ID and parameters

•  Format string stored in DTS collateral, not in compiled code

•  Reduces space and bandwidth need •  24 byte string replaced with 4 byte

catalog ID in shown example

•  Protocol Tunneling •  Raw data write over SyS-T

•  Example: Embed a kernel core dump image into trace stream

•  Embedded Source Positions •  “Jump-to” instrumentation source

code of a message

10

SyS-TDecoder

Catalogparsing...

Compiledpseudo-code:

trc_out(catalog_hdr) trc_out(0x1234) trc_out(42)

<Message ID="0x1234“ File=“hello.c" Line=“3"> The meaning of life: %d </Message>

Trace Data Stream

Output:„Themeaningoflife:42“

AskforID=0x1234Receivecatalogmessagedata

Compiling...

STP - System Trace Protocol •  Robust trace data transport protocol

•  Multiple trace data stream merging based on Master/Channel concept •  Up to 65536 Masters and up to 65536 Channels per Master •  Solves the problem of interrupt code tracing

•  Channel switching avoids locking to make single message contiguous •  Provides common trace features

•  Time stamping and correlation •  Message boundary marks and sync •  Transport data integrity and error indication

•  Specification Status •  Currently at version 2.2, initial version 2006 •  Adoption Examples

•  Hardware IP •  ARM® CoreSightTM, Intel® Trace Hub, etc.

•  SW Tools Support •  ARM® DS-5, ASSET InterTech SourcePointTM,

Intel® System Studio, Lauterbach, etc.

11

Lowoverheadandreal1mesystemfriendlytraceprotocolprovidingcommonfeatures

*ARMisaregisteredtrademarkofARMLimited(oritssubsidiaries)intheEUand/orelsewhere.CoreSightisatrademarkofARMLimited(oritssubsidiaries)intheEUand/orelsewhere.IntelandtheIntellogoaretrademarksofIntelCorporaConoritssubsidiariesintheU.S.and/orothercountries.SourcePointisatrademarkofASSETInterTech.

Lowoverhead4-Bitencoding

Master/Channeelcontext

DataforMaster/Channelcombina-on3:4

TWP – Trace Wrapper Protocol •  Low level data merging protocol

•  Combines up to 111 independent data streams identified by numeric ID •  16 Bytes data/ID packed frame structure •  Support for continuous data export to PIN interfaces

•  Specification Status: Released 2010,Current version 1.1 •  TWP vs. STP Protocols

•  TWP enables sharing of an output between different STP or other data streams •  TWP is data frame, STP is trace stream oriented •  Specifications are complementary, system may or may not use both of them

12

TWPDataFrame16ByteFrame:

Efficientdatastreammergingforexpor1ngtopininterfaces

NIDnT – Narrow Interface for Debug and Test •  Reuse functional interfaces for

debug and test •  Form Factor device support

•  No dedicated debug connectors available •  Low pin count support

•  USB Type-CTM Receptacle •  USB 2.0 Micro-B/-AB Receptacle •  HDMI/DisplayPort Interface •  micro-SD Card Slot

•  NIDnT defines •  Switching methods between original

function and debug/test. •  Pin assignments

•  Available since 2013 •  Current version 1.1

13

Dedicateddebugport,Notavailableonaform

factordevice

NIDnTfunc-onalportpinswitchinginfrastructur

*USBType-CisatrademarkoftheUSB-IF.

Lowcostpla`ormdebugdataaccessincludingformfactordevicesupport

DeviceFunc-onalport

NIDnT Support for USB Type-C •  Version 1.1 adds USB Type-C receptacle support for

TS •  NIDnT defines unique Alternate Mode for debug

overlays •  Uses USB PD structured Vendor Defined Messages

•  To enter NIDnT debug Alternate Mode •  To control the multiplexing and overlays on

the receptacle.

• MIPI Alliance owns a standard ID from the USB Implementers Forum for NIDnT.

14

UsesthestandardUSBType-CAlternateModeflowtosupportsimultaneousdebugandfunc1onalmodesoverasinglereceptacle

Video: Device Boot Phase Tracing

15

Summary • MIPI Alliance Debug WG Specifications

•  Provide platform level debug solutions •  with proven scalability from wearables/IoT to server systems •  that enable low cost debug integration •  support form factor device debug

•  Establish standards for all debug data processing phases •  Cover trace data generation, arbitration and export •  Enable vendor independence between designs and tooling

•  PIN capture interfaces (probes) •  Protocol decoders

• MIPI Alliance Debug Workgroup Links •  http://mipi.org/working-groups/debug •  http://mipi.org/specifications/debug